Ancient History Lesson by Slidesgoo.pptx

Povijest

1. DRŽAVA I PRAVO STAROGA VIJEKA

2. Uvod U starom vijeku, dr ž ava i pravo pojavljuju se tamo gdje postoji ropstvo, š to je bio slu č aj samo kod manjeg dijela č ovje č anstva. Ve ć ina ljudi ž ivjela je u zajednicama temeljenim na krvnom srodstvu i obi č ajima, poput lovaca i sakuplja č a plodova.

3. Vjeruje se da je u 7. tisu ć lje ć u po č elo uzgajanje biljaka i pripitomljavanje ž ivotinja. To je dovelo do ve ć e koli č ine hrane i omogu ć ilo ljudima da se nasele na jednom mjestu du ž e vrijeme . Prvi po č eci poljoprivrede zabilje ž eni su u podru č ju dolina Eufrata i Tigrisa . Po č eci poljoprivrede

4. Ljudi su prirodne pojave tuma č ili prisutno šć u duhovnih sila koje su ih pokretale. Te sile su zami š ljali kao antropomorfna bi ć a s nadljudskim mo ć ima kojima su se ljudi morali pokoravati. Svaka prirodna pojava imala je svog boga, a postojali su i posebni bogovi za pojedine skupine i pojedince. Uspjeh se smatrao znakom Bo ž je podr š ke, a uspje š ni pojedinci postajali su posrednici izme đ u bogova i ljudi, odnosno sve ć enici. Religija i vjerovanja

5. U starom vijeku, dr ž ava i pravo bili su povezani s ropstvom. Ve ć ina ljudi ž ivjela je u zajednicama temeljenim na obi č ajima i vjerovanjima u razli č ite bogove. Pojava poljoprivrede omogu ć ila je ljudima da se nasele na jednom mjestu, a uspjeh se smatrao znakom Bo ž je naklonosti. Ukratko

6. Tijekom 5. i 4. tisu ć lje ć a pr. Kr. neka plemena su se trajno naselila u dolinama velikih rijeka (Eufrat i Tigris ). Tamo su se bavili lovom, ali su otkrili da je muljevito tlo plodno ako se obra đ uje i navodnjava. Topla klima i blage smjene godi š njih doba č inile su ž ivot ugodnim. Da bi zadr ž ali te prednosti, ljudi su se morali braniti, pa je ratni č ki dio plemena postao va ž an. Prva naselja su č esto bila utvr đ ena. Razvoj prvih civilizacija

7. Ljudi su bili nemo ć ni pred prirodom, pa su shvatili da mogu opstati samo kao zajednica. Na tom stupnju razvoja, pojedinac je bio vi š e tjelesno nego psiho-socijalno bi ć e. Odnosi unutar skupine bili su odnosi poistovje ć enja kroz razlike. Razli č ite sposobnosti pojedinaca nisu izazivale protivljenje, nego su najbolji postajali dio zajednice s kojim su se ostali poistovje ć ivali. Njihov uspjeh bio je jamstvo opstanka cijele zajednice. Život u zajednici

8. Blagodati rije č nih dolina omogu ć ile su stalan vi š ak proizvoda. Ljudi su postali vezani za tlo koje su obra đ ivali, a vi š ak proizvoda je rastao. Susjedna plemena su htjela taj prostor za sebe, pa je on postao bojno polje. U vrijeme op ć eg siroma š tva, imovinski izraz razli č itih sposobnosti pojedinaca nije ugro ž avao zajednicu. Razvoj proizvodnih sposobnosti omogu ć io je da razlike u zajednici poprime imovinski odraz. Povremeno otimanje i vi š kovi proizvoda nisu stvarali trajnu razliku unutar zajednice. Višak proizvoda i podjela rada

9. U rije č nim dolinama č ovjek je usavr š io poljoprivredu i razvio obrte. Vi š ak proizvoda omogu ć io je da se pojedinci bave samo nekim obrtom i da razmjenjuju svoje proizvode za poljoprivredne proizvode. Razmjena je postala toliko va ž na da su se pojavili pojedinci koji su se njome bavili kao svojim jedinim zanimanjem. Rije č ne doline nisu imale sve potrebne sirovine, pa su se morale nabavljati od susjednih plemena. Vi š ak dobara i njihova razmjena stvorili su slo ž enije odnose me đ u ljudima, š to je dovelo do potrebe za pam ć enjem i bilje ž enjem. Tako su nastale prve zabilje š ke i pismo. Razvoj poljoprivrede i obrta

10. Razvoj proizvodnih snaga doveo je do razlika ne samo unutar zajednice, nego i izme đ u zajednica. Imati vi š e zna č ilo je biti bolji. Vi š e dobara se moglo i oduzeti, ali se ubrzo shvatilo da se trajno mo ž e imati dobara samo trajnom proizvodnjom. Č ovjek se okrenuo poljoprivredi i shvatio da ona ovisi o prirodnim uvjetima. Razlike među zajednicama

11. Razvoj poljoprivrede i dru š tvene promjene:

12. Features of the Topic Mercury Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Jupiter It’s a gas giant and the biggest planet Venus Venus has a beautiful name. It’s terribly hot

13. 9,200,000 km² Sahara’s area 15 mm R ainfall average 67,700 People L ive in the Kharga Oasis

14. Graphic To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change the data and paste the new graph here Mars Mars is a cold place Jupiter It’s a gas giant and the biggest Saturn Saturn is the ringed one

15. 400,000 Big numbers are good for catching your students’ attention easily

16. Practical Uses of This Subject Mercury Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Jupiter It’s a gas giant and the biggest planet Venus Venus has a nice name, but it’s hot

17. Despite being red, Mars is a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust Multimedia Insert your multimedia content here Mars

18. Did You Know This? Mars Despite being red, Mars is a cold place Venus Venus has a nice name, but it’s hot Jupiter It’s the biggest planet in the Solar System Mercury Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Saturn Saturn is the ringed one and a gas giant Neptune Neptune is the farthest from the Sun

19. Despite being red, Mars is a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun Solution Problem

20. A picture Is Worth a Thousand Words

21. Process Step 1 Neptune is the farthest planet Step 3 Venus has a beautiful name Step 2 Saturn is the ringed one Step 4 Jupiter is the biggest planet 01 02 03 04

22. This Is a Map Despite being red, Mars is a cold place

23. Timeline Mars Despite being red, Mars is a cold place 1863 1889 1900 Jupiter Jupiter is the biggest in the Solar System Venus Venus has a nice name, but it’s very hot

24. Timeline 1927 1945 1967 Neptune Neptune is the farthest planet Mercury Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Saturn Saturn is the ringed one. It’s a gas giant

25. Overview Diagram Jupiter Mercury is the closest to the Sun Saturn is the ringed one Despite being red, Mars is cold

26. Exercise Deadline 01 Deadline 02 Deadline 3 Mars Feb/2020 Jul/2020 - Mercury Jul/2020 - - Venus Mar/2020 May/2020 Jul/2020 Despite being red, Mars is a cold place

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