ANEMIA | PPT (MBBS|BAMS)

A short PPT on anemia veru useful for bams | mbbs students for exam purpose .

1. ANEMIA
Presented by : Abhinay Kureel
Medical student

2. Defination:A condition in which
you lack enough healthy RBC to carry adequate
oxygen to your body tissues
Having anemiaalso refferedto as low
hemoglobin, can make you feel tired and weak.
.

4. Causes:
❑Anemiacan be due to a condition present
at birth (congenital) or to condition you
develop (acquired). Anemiaoccurs when
your blood dosen’thave enough RBC.

6. Types of Anemia:
➢Hemorrhagicanemia
➢Hemolyticanemia
➢Nutrition deficiency anemia
➢Aplastic anemia
➢Anemiaof chronic diseases

7. Aplastic Anemia:
Decrease in all types of cells due to bone
marrow disorder.
Causes: It include infections,certain
medicines,autoimmunediseases.
❑ Anemiaassociated with bone marrow
disease such as lukemia.

8. Anemiaof chronic diseases:
Anemiaof disease is the second common type of
anemia. It is characterized by short life span of
RBCs.
CAUSES: Due to disturbance in iron metabolism
1.Non-infectious inflammatory diseases:
Rheunatoidarthritis
2.Chronic infections: Tuberculosis
3.Chronic renal failure

9. HemorrhagicAnemia:
Hemorrhagerefers to excessive loss of blood.
Anemiadue to hemorrhageis known as hemorrhagic
Anemia.
It occurs both in acute and chronic hemorrhagic
conditions.
CAUSES:excessive loss of blood by internal or
external bleeding.

10. HemolyticAnemia:
HemolyticAnemiais a disorder in which red blood
cells are destroidfaster than they can be made. The
distructionof red blood cells is called hemolysis.
CAUSES:
1)Extrinsic HemolyticAnemia
2)Intrinsic HemolyticAnemia

11. Extrinsic HemolyticAnemia:
❑Lever failure
❑Renal disorder
❑Autoimmune diseases
❑Infections like hepatitis, and
malaria

12. Intrinsic HemolyticAnemia:
Types:
❑Sickle cell Anemia
❑Thalassemia

13. Sickle cell Anemia:
➢It is an inherited blood disorder
➢It is characterized by sickle-shaped red blood cells which contain
abnormal hemoglobin
CAUSES:
it is due to abnormal hemoglobincalled hemoglobinS. In this Alpha chains
are normal and Beta chains are abnormal.
Sickle cell Anemiaoccurs when a person inherits to abnormal genes.
SIMPTOMS:
Pain occurs in the joints
Sudden chest pain
Fatigue and low oxygen in the body.
TREATMENT:
Blood transfusion.

15. Thalassemia:
Thalassemia is an inherited disorder.
It is characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobin
in RBC.
Thalassemia is of two types:
1)Alpha Thalassemia
2)Beta Thalassemia
SYMPTOMS:
Weakness and fatigue in the body.
Yellowish skin and eyes.
TREATMENT:
Blood transfusion.

16. Nutrition Deficiency Anemia
Defination: Anemiathat occurs due to deficiency of a nutritive
substance is called nutritive deficiency anemia
Causes :
•IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
oPROTEIN DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
oVIT B.12 DEFICIENCY
oFOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY

17. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF
ANEMIA :
❑DIZZINESS
❑FATIGUE
❑LIGHT HEADEDNESS
❑FAST HEART RATE OR PALPITATIONS
❑BRITTLE NAILS
❑HEADACHE
❑SHORTNESS OF BREATH

18. PREVENTION:
➢Following A healthy Diet containing Vit
.B12
➢Drinking enough water to stay
hydrated
➢Exercising Regularly
➢Taking Iron suppliments or medicines
available in market like NEUROBION FORTE
Which is one of the popular medicine
given for VIT B12 Deficiency

19. TREATMENT :
❖DIETARY SUPPLIMENTS
❖BLOOD TRANSFUSION
❖VITAMIN SUPPLIMENTS
❖In Severe Condition like internal bleeding or
external bleeding surgery may recquiredto
control the Blood loss

21. THANK YOU