anemia.pptx new2323989e293y23yy239y2.pptx

Medical prsenation

1. DRUGS USE TO TREAT ANEMIA Prepared by:Dr Sumera feroz

2. Important points: Classify the drugs used in anemia Describe pharmacokinetics of Iron Describe the various oral and parenteral formulations of iron Describe the adverse effects of iron therapy Describe the drug treatment of Iron toxicity

3. Important points: Describe the various oral and parenteral preparations of cyanocobalamin (Vit B12) Describe the clinical use of cyanocobalamin (Vit: B12) Describe the clinical use of Folic acid Describe the pharmacological rationale of combining cyanocobalamin with folic acid and iron Describe the role of granulocyte colony stimulating factors (Filgrastim) and granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factors in the treatment of leucopenia. Describe the role of thrombocyte colony stimulating factor (Oprelvekin) in the treatment of thrombocytopenia.

4. Hematopoiesis

5. Usual Criteria of Hb in ANEMIA G/dl 11.5> in women G/dl in 14> men

6. Signs and Symptoms: Patients with a Hb less than 7G/dl will have appear following symptoms ; Tissue hypoxia Fatigue Headache Dyspnea Pallor Angina Tachycardia Visual impairment Syncope Lymphadenopathy Hepatic and or splenic enlargement Bone tenderness Blood loss in feces Neurologic symptoms.

7. Classification of anemia: ● ● ● ● 1. Anemia associated with decrease RBC production Iron deficiency anemia, Megaloblastic anemia Thalassemia Anemia due to chronic disease and renal failure. 2. Anemia due to increased RBC destruction : ● ● Haemolytic anemia sickle cell anemia

8. Iron:

9. IRON REQUIREMENT

10. CAUSES OF IRON DEFECIENCY ANEMIA

11. Treatment of iron deficiency Anemia

12. Parenteral Preparations 1. Iron sorbitol citric acid complex: It is given intramuscularly, but never intravenously. 2. Iron dextran: It can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly. 3. Newer formulations like ferrous sucrose, ferric carboxymaltose, iron isomalto_x0002_side and ferumoxytol are administered intravenously. Hypersensitivity reactions are less frequent as compared to older formulations of parenteral iron.

13. Indication for the use of iron

14. Iron Toxicity Deferasirox an oral iron chelator approved for treatment of iron – overload

15. 2- Coblamine vit B12

16. Pharmacokinetics: Source: Meat (liver), eggs, & dairy products. coblamine is absorbed from the GIT in the presence of intrinsic factor, a product of the parietal cells of the stomach. Plasma transport is accomplished by binding to transcobalamin II. Coblamine is stored in the liver in large amounts; a normal individual has enough to last 5 years. It is available in 2 forms cyanocobalamine hydroxy cobalamine has a longer circulating half life.

17. Deficiency leads to anemia, gastrointestinal symptoms, andneurologic abnormalities. Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin methylcobalamin Cyanocobalamin hydroxocobalamin Source of vitamin BI2 meat (especially liver), eggs, and dairyproducts. Vitamin B12 is sometimes called extrinsic factor active forms of the vitamin in humans found in food sources are converted to the active forms

18. PHHARMACOKINETIC

19. 25 Uses : 1- Pernicious Anemia : (defective secretion of intrinsic factor by the gastric mucosal cells ) Neurologic abnormalities : Gastrectomy Cyanide poisoning .

20. 26

21. Why folic acid give with vitB12

22. Folic acid

23. Erythropoietin