Anemia: types, causes, symptoms and treatment

Anemia : a brief presentation displaying the causes , symptoms and treatment

1. Anemia L aith Alasadi

2. This is a slide structure based on a healthcare center presentation You can delete this slide when you’re done editing the presentation CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE Introduction D ifinitions of anemia C lassification T ypers of anemia E tiology Several causes for anemia F inding S ymptoms of anemia T reatment P harmacological and non-pharmacological treatment

3. D iffintions of anemia 01 Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues 02 Anemia is a blood disorder that happens when you don’t have enough red blood cells or your red blood cells don’t work as they should 03 Anemia is defined as a low number of red blood cells. In a routine blood test, anemia is reported as a low hemoglobin or hematocrit 04 Anemia is a condition that develops when your blood produces a lower-than-normal amount of healthy red blood cells. If you have anemia, your body does not get enough oxygen-rich blood.

4. 1 Iron-deficiency anemia 3 Vitamin B12-deficiency anemia 2 Hemolytic anemia 4 Megaloblastic anemia Types of anemia 6 Thalassemia 5 Sickle cell anemia Folate deficiency anemia 7

5. Acquired anemias You develop or acquire anemia from something that happens during your lifetime, like a condition that causes it. - Anemia of chronic disease : diffect in using of iron - Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: hemolysis of RBCs Macrocytic anemia and megaloblastic anemia :. bone marrow Normocytic anemia: fewer red blood - Pernicious anemia: vitamin B12 deficiency C auses of anemia

6. D iseases leads to anemia Autoimmune diseases . Cancer. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Kidney disease. Liver disease. Thyroid disease. Inherited anemias Menstrual periods disturbances S tomach ulcers Sudden heavy blood loss

7. Other causes Low iron diet Heavy menstruation Frequent blood donation Certain digestive conditions, such as Crohn’s disease Drugs that irritate the GIT, such as NSAID

8. S ymptoms 8 difficulty in walking confusion vision problems Diarrhea Sore or inflamed tongue Mouth ulcers Chest pain. Tiredness. Weakness. Shortness of breath. Pale or yellowish skin, Irregular heartbeat. Dizziness or lightheadedness. Cold hands and feet. Headaches. Blue color to the whites of the eyes Brittle nails Abnormal or increased menstrual bleeding in females Loss of sexual desire in men

9. Diagnosis O ther tests Complete blood count (CBC ). Identification of size and shape of the red blood cells . Hb concentration packed cell volume (PCV) test Iron and ferritin concentration transferrin saturation RBC zinc protoporphyrin (RBC ZPP) C-reactive protein (CRP) MCV; mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCH Genetic tests Bone marrow tests Endoscopy and colonoscopy Urine tests Hematological tests

10. Iron rich diets Management of blood lose Blood transfusions Bone marrow transplant Non pharmacological treatment

11. Iron-rich foods Meat Eggs Seafood Strawberries Dates and figs Beans Green leafy vegetables

12. Vitamin B12-rich foods Meat Seafood Eggs Fortified grains

13. Folic acid-rich foods Beans Citrus fruit Bananas Vegetables

14. Pharmacological treatment Iron supplements Folic acid supplements Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA ) vitamin B12 supplements Medications manage the underlying causes ( ex: antibiotics, chemotherapy etc.)

15. G oul of therapy Increasing the hemoglobin level or red blood cell count Relieving symptoms of anemia Improving a person’s quality of life Reducing the risks of complications Treating an underlying condition D ecreasing the mortality rate

16. Iron supplements IV iron dextran (Iron dextran ,Iron sucrose ,Ferric gluconate ) Oral preparations ferrous sulfate ferrous gluconate ferrous fumarate 50-200 mg per day of elemental iron (2 to 5 mg of iron per kilogram of body weight per day

17. Epoetin alfa Darbepoetin alfa Erythropoietin Peginesatide Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

18. Vitamin B12 injection Oral vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 supplement

19. F olate supplement O ral folic acid 5mg , 1mg and 400mcg

20. Immuno -suppressants therapy If you have anemia because of an autoimmune disorder

21. HIF prolyl -hydroxylase inhibitor that increases endogenous production of erythropoietin and stimulates production of hemoglobin and red blood cells. Roxadustat

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