angioplasty in heart disease's

Angioplasty by pravin. G

1. Angioplasty in heart diseases Angioplasty -By Pravin

2. Outlines Introduction What is angioplasty Types of angioplasty How to prepare angioplasty Procedure Risk Recovery Summary

3. Introduction Angioplasty is a medical procedure that opens up a blocked or narrowed artery around the heart. It is a standard treatment for narrowed or blocked arteries in this area of the body. Angioplasty , is also known as  balloon angioplasty  and  percutaneous transluminal angioplasty  ( PTA ), is a  minimally invasive   endovascular   procedure  used to widen narrowed or obstructed arteries or veins, typically to treat arterial  atherosclerosis . During angioplasty, a surgeon inserts a tube into an artery in the groin or wrist. They then thread the tube towards the affected artery around the heart. Finally, they insert a balloon or  stent  (metal tube) to open the artery.

4. What is angioplasty? Angioplasty May gives rest from chest pain, angina and some cardiac disease’s. In the term angioplasty, “angio” means blood vessel, and “plasty” is opening up. Angioplasty is a conventional treatment for   coronary heart disease  ( CHD) and  heart attacks  (acute coronary syndrome). In these conditions, there is a build-up of plaque, or  atherosclerosis , on the walls of the arteries. As plaque accumulates, the arteries narrow and can become blocked. In a heart attack, the plaque may rupture, spilling  cholesterol  into an artery, potentially leading to a clot that stops blood flow.

5. Angioplasty is recommended to: treat an abnormal stress test increase blood flow to the heart reduce chest pain, or  angina improve blood supply to the heart muscle during or after a heart attack support more activity for people with chest pain

6. Types of angioplasty : Balloon angioplasty, which involves using the pressure of an inflating balloon to clear plaque that is blocking an artery. This is rarely done alone except in cases when doctors are unable to place a stent in the required position. Stent placement in the artery, which involves a tube, or stent, made out of wire mesh. Stents help to prevent an artery narrowing again after angioplasty.

7. Steps in angioplasty : Build up of cholesterol Partially blocking blood flow through the artery’s. Sent with balloon Inserted Partially block artery. Balloon inflated to expand sent. Balloon removed from expanded sent.

8. How to prepare angioplasty

9. Procedure : Before beginning angioplasty, a healthcare professional will clean and numb the area where the catheter enters the body, usually the groin but sometimes the wrist. Next, a doctor inserts the catheter into the artery and directs it towards the coronary artery, watching its progress on an X-ray feed. Once the catheter is in position, the doctor injects a contrast dye through the artery, which helps identify blockages around the heart. Once they locate the blockages, the doctor inserts a second catheter and a guidewire, usually with a balloon at the tip. When the second catheter is in position, the doctor inflates the balloon, which pushes the plaque buildup away and opens up the artery. The surgeon may insert a stent to keep the artery propped open.

10. Risk : On the whole, angioplasty is a safe procedure without complications. Although complications from angioplasty are rare, they can include: prolonged bleeding from the catheter insertion site in the groin or wrist damage to blood vessels, kidneys, or arteries an allergic reaction to the dye chest pain arrhythmia , or abnormal heart rhythm a blockage that requires an emergency bypass blood clot stroke heart attack a tear or damage to artery or major blood vessel

11. Other risk : Older individuals have a higher risk of complications from angioplasty, as do those with the following conditions: heart disease several blocked arteries chronic kidney disease

12. Recovery : When angioplasty is complete, the cardiologist removes the catheters and bandages. Soreness, bruising, and possibly bleeding are common around the area where catheters entered the body. Typically, a person will recover in the hospital for a few hours or overnight before going home. They must not drive as they may still have sedative medications in their system. They will also have restrictions on lifting for about a week afterward.

13. Summary : Angioplasty is a standard, minimally invasive procedure that doctors use to unblock clogged arteries and improve blood flow in the heart. Doctors frequently recommend angioplasty to treat acute heart problems. It is generally a safe procedure, although arteries can become blocked again, and there is a small risk of significant complications in some cases.

14. Reference : https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/multimedia/table/understanding-percutaneous-coronary-intervention-pci https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percutaneous_coronary_intervention https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327154 https://www.manipalhospitals.com/vijayawada/blog/know-all-about-stent-treatment-procedure-and-precautions

15. Thank you!