Animal behavior & Classical condtionig

Classical conditioning with experiment

1. A NIMAL B EHAVIOR &

2. P RESENTED B Y: S YED Z AIN A LI H AIDER(#16) W AJID A LI(#17) S YEDA A YESHA G ILLANI(#18) M UHAMMAD S HAHID H USSAIN(#19)

3. C ONTENTS O F P RESENTATION A NIMAL B EHAVIOR Introduction Classification Of Animal Behavior L EARNING B EHAVIOR Introduction Types Of Learning Behavior Stimulus And Response C LASSICAL C ONDITIONG History Introduction Components Of Classical Conditioning Process of Classical Conditioning Examples and experiments Principles Of Classical Conditioning

4. A NIMAL B EHAVIOR Animal behavior includes all the ways animals interact with other organisms and the physical environment. Behavior can also be defined as a change in the activity of an organism in response to a stimulus, an external or internal cue or combo of cues. INTRODUCTION:

5. C LASSIFICATION O F A NIMAL B EHAVIOR ANIMALS BEHAVIOUR INNATE BEHAVIOUR LEARNING BEHAVIOUR

6. L EARNING B EHAVIOR A relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience. INTRODUCTION: Learned behaviors come from experience and are not present in an animal at its birth . Through trial and error, memories of past experiences and observations of others, animals learn to perform certain tasks. Generally, learned behaviors are not inheritable and must be taught to or learned by each individual .

7. T YPES O F L EARNING B EHAVIOR There are followings types of learning behavior: LEARNING BEHAVOIUR HABITUTATION OPERENT IMPRINTING CLASSICAL CONDITIONING INSIGHT LEARNING

8. S TIMULUS A ND R ESPONSE S TIMULUS : “Something that can elicit or evoke a response in a cell, a tissue, or an organism. It can be external or internal .”

9. R ESPONSE: “A reaction to a specific stimulus .” E XAMPLES INTERNAL STIMULUS WITH RESPONE “ The body temperature is raised by the release of chemicals in white blood cells. This increased temperature kills bacteria and inhibit viruses .” STIMULUS : Bacterial infection. RESPONSE : Fever STIMULUS : Ingest Poison. RESPONSE : Vomiting

10. EXTERNAL STIMULUS WITH RESPONE STIMULUS : Baseball bat is thrown to the stand RESPONSE : Raise hands or move away to avoid the hit STIMULUS : Touching a hot iron box RESPONSE : Move hand

11. C LASSICAL C ONDITIONG IN L EARNING B EHAVIOR

12. C LASSICAL ONDITIONG H ISTORY: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was a Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning. “ Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or Respondent conditioning )””

13. C LASSICAL C ONDITIONG D EFINITION: “Classical condition is a learning process that occur through association between an neutral stimulus and unconditional stimulus.” N EUTRAL S TIMULUS The stimulus does not naturally cause the subject to respond in a certain way e.g bell. U NCONDITIONAL S TIMULUS A stimulus that naturally(no learning involved) causes a particular response e.g Food.

14. C OMPONENTS O F C LASSICAL C ONDITIONING There are four components of classical conditioning: COMPONENTS OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS (UCS) CONDITIONED STIMULUS (CS) UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE (UCR) CONDITIONED RESPONSE (CR)

15. C OMPONENTS O F C LASSICAL C ONDITIONING U NCONDITIONED S TIMULUS (UCS) A stimulus that naturally, and automatically triggers a response. U NCONDITIONED R ESPONSE (UCR) The unlearned response that occurs naturally in response to the unconditioned stimulus.

16. C ONDITIONED S TIMULUS (CS) A previously neutral stimulus that when paired with an unconditioned stimulus triggers a conditioned response. C ONDITIONED R ESPONSE (CR) Learned response to the previously neutral stimulus . C OMPONENTS O F C LASSICAL C ONDITIONING

17. P ROCESS O F C LASSICAL C ONDITIONING UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE NEUTRAL STIMULUS CONDITIONED RESPONSE UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS

18. E XAMPLES O F C LASSICAL C ONDITIONING In the 1890s, Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov was studying aspects of the digestive process by observing salivation in dogs, when he made the observation that dogs began to salivate before the food arrived...for example, at the sight of the food tray or sound of the assistant's footsteps. PAVLOV'S DOGS EXPERIMENT AFTER CONDITIONG DURING CONDITIONG BEFORE CONDITIONG

19. BEFORE CONDITIONG UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE

20. BEFORE CONDITIONG NEUTRAL STIMULUS NO RESPONSE

21. DURING CONDITIONG NEUTRAL STIMULUS UNCODITIONAL STIMULUS UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE

22. AFTER CONDITIONG NEUTRAL STIMULUS UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE

23. P RINCIPLES O F C LASSICAL C ONDITIONING Behaviorists have described a number of different phenomena associated with classical conditioning PRINCIPLES OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING ACQUISITION EXTINCTION STIMULUS DISCRIMINATION SPONTANEOUS RECOVERY STIMULUS GENERALIZATION