Animal reproduction

Animal reproduction
Reproduction
The Three Steps of Reproduction
Male Reproductive System
Female Reproductive System

1. Animal ReproductionAnimal Reproduction
Unit 10Unit 10

2. ReproductionReproduction
When organism multiply or produce When organism multiply or produce
offspringoffspring
Sexual reproduction involves male and Sexual reproduction involves male and
femalefemale
Asexual reproduction does not involve Asexual reproduction does not involve
bothboth

3. The Three Steps of ReproductionThe Three Steps of Reproduction
Copulation is the mating of a male and Copulation is the mating of a male and
femalefemale
The new animal, called the embryo begins The new animal, called the embryo begins
to growto grow
Parturition is the giving birthParturition is the giving birth

4. Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System
ScrotumScrotum contains the testes and contains the testes and
epididymisepididymis
Maintains temperatureMaintains temperature
Keeps animal fertileKeeps animal fertile

5. Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System
If testes are held to the body wall the If testes are held to the body wall the
animal becomes sterileanimal becomes sterile
RidgelingRidgeling or or ridgelridgel has one or both has one or both
testes held to the body walltestes held to the body wall
Trait is called Trait is called cryptrochidismcryptrochidism and is an and is an
inherited traitinherited trait

6. Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System
TesticlesTesticles produce the sperm cells and produce the sperm cells and
testosteronetestosterone
Testosterone controls the traits of the Testosterone controls the traits of the
male such as:male such as:
Temper Temper
OdorOdor
Male appearanceMale appearance

7. Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System
EpididymisEpididymis is a long, coiled tube that is is a long, coiled tube that is
connected to each testicleconnected to each testicle
Vas deferensVas deferens connects the epididymis connects the epididymis
with the urethrawith the urethra
Vas deferens is inside a protective sheath Vas deferens is inside a protective sheath
called the called the spermatic cordspermatic cord
UrethraUrethra carries urine from the bladder carries urine from the bladder

8. Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System
Three accessory glandsThree accessory glands
Seminal vesiclesSeminal vesicles
Prostate glandProstate gland
Cowper’s glandCowper’s gland

9. Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System
Seminal vesiclesSeminal vesicles produce fluid that produce fluid that
protects and transports the spermprotects and transports the sperm
Prostate glandProstate gland produces a fluid that is produces a fluid that is
mixed with the seminal fluidmixed with the seminal fluid
Cowper’s glandCowper’s gland cleans and neutralizes cleans and neutralizes
the urethrathe urethra

10. Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System
PenisPenis deposits the semen in the female deposits the semen in the female
Signoid flexureSignoid flexure and the and the retractor retractor
musclemuscle extend the penis from the sheath extend the penis from the sheath

14. Male Poultry Male Poultry
TesticlesTesticles produce the sperm and produce the sperm and
seminal fluidseminal fluid
Vas deferensVas deferens carries the seminal fluid carries the seminal fluid
and sperm cells the cloacaand sperm cells the cloaca
CloacaCloaca places sperm in the hen places sperm in the hen

15. Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive System
Have two Have two ovaries ovaries that produce eggs and that produce eggs and
female hormones female hormones estrogenestrogen and and
progesteroneprogesterone
Eggs are produced in the Eggs are produced in the folliclesfollicles on the on the
ovariesovaries
Corpus luteumCorpus luteum is formed after the egg is is formed after the egg is
releasedreleased

17. Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive System
OviductsOviducts or or fallopian tubesfallopian tubes are two are two
tubes that carry the eggs to the uterus tubes that carry the eggs to the uterus
from ovariesfrom ovaries
InfundibulumInfundibulum is the funnel-shaped end is the funnel-shaped end
of the oviductof the oviduct

19. Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive System
Uterus is where the fetus growUterus is where the fetus grow
Cervix is the neck of the uterusCervix is the neck of the uterus
Vagina is the passage between the cervix Vagina is the passage between the cervix
and the vulvaand the vulva
Semen is deposited here in natural Semen is deposited here in natural
conceptionconception

21. Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive System
Bladder collects the liquid wasteBladder collects the liquid waste
Vulva is the external openingVulva is the external opening
Clitoris is the sensory and erectile organ of Clitoris is the sensory and erectile organ of
the femalethe female

23. Female PoultryFemale Poultry
FunnelFunnel receives the yolk from theovary receives the yolk from theovary
MagnumMagnum secretes the thick white of the secretes the thick white of the
eggegg
IsthmusIsthmus develops two shell membranes develops two shell membranes
Egg remains in the uterus about 20 hoursEgg remains in the uterus about 20 hours
Takes about 25 to 27 hours for a chick to Takes about 25 to 27 hours for a chick to
produce on eggproduce on egg

24. Estrus CycleEstrus Cycle
CattleCattle
Standing when mountedStanding when mounted
NervousnessNervousness
Swelling of the vulvaSwelling of the vulva
Inflamed appearance of the vulvaInflamed appearance of the vulva
Mucus discharge Mucus discharge
Try to mount other cattleTry to mount other cattle

25. Estrus CycleEstrus Cycle
SwineSwine
Mounting other sowsMounting other sows
Restless activityRestless activity
Swelling of the vulvaSwelling of the vulva
Discharge from the vulvaDischarge from the vulva
Frequent urinationFrequent urination
Occasional loud gruntingOccasional loud grunting

26. Estrus CycleEstrus Cycle
SheepSheep
Do no show any visible signsDo no show any visible signs
Teaser rams maybe neededTeaser rams maybe needed
Come in heat in the fallCome in heat in the fall
Dorset and Tunis breeds come in heat year Dorset and Tunis breeds come in heat year
aroundaround

27. Estrus CycleEstrus Cycle
GoatsGoats
NervousnessNervousness
Riding or stand to be riddenRiding or stand to be ridden
Frequent urination Frequent urination
BleatingBleating
Swelling, read appearance of the vulvaSwelling, read appearance of the vulva
Mucus dischargeMucus discharge

28. Estrus CycleEstrus Cycle
HorsesHorses
Raised tailRaised tail
Relaxation of the vulva (winking)Relaxation of the vulva (winking)
Frequent urinationFrequent urination
Teasing of other maresTeasing of other mares
Desire for other horsesDesire for other horses
Mucus discharge from the vulvaMucus discharge from the vulva

29. OvulationOvulation
Release of the egg from the ovaryRelease of the egg from the ovary
Egg is contained in the follicleEgg is contained in the follicle
Follicle breaks releasing the eggFollicle breaks releasing the egg
Egg moves into the oviductsEgg moves into the oviducts
If sperm is present, fertilization occurIf sperm is present, fertilization occur
Resource Room - Reproduction Information - Animation for Ovarian CycleResource Room - Reproduction Information - Animation for Ovarian Cycle

30. OvulationOvulation
Corpus luteum forms on the ovary and produces Corpus luteum forms on the ovary and produces
progesteroneprogesterone
Resource Room - Reproduction Information - Animation for Regulation ofResource Room - Reproduction Information - Animation for Regulation of
Luteolysis Luteolysis
Progesterone causes:Progesterone causes:
Implant fertilized egg in the uterusImplant fertilized egg in the uterus
Other eggs are stopped from formingOther eggs are stopped from forming
Pregnant condition is maintainedPregnant condition is maintained
Mammary glands developMammary glands develop

31. OvulationOvulation
If egg is not fertilizedIf egg is not fertilized
Corpus luteum wastes awayCorpus luteum wastes away
Another follicle growsAnother follicle grows
Another heat occursAnother heat occurs

32. TwinsTwins
Fraternally related twins occur from two Fraternally related twins occur from two
different eggsdifferent eggs
Identical related twins occur from the Identical related twins occur from the
splitting of the same eggsplitting of the same egg

33. FertilizationFertilization
Union of the sperm and eggUnion of the sperm and egg
Sperm cells can only live 24 to 30 hrs after Sperm cells can only live 24 to 30 hrs after
mating occursmating occurs
Egg cell lives about 12 hours after it is Egg cell lives about 12 hours after it is
releases unfertilizedreleases unfertilized

34. GestationGestation
Time animal is pregnantTime animal is pregnant
Placenta lies along the wall of the uterusPlacenta lies along the wall of the uterus
Food, oxygen, and wastes are exchanged Food, oxygen, and wastes are exchanged
through the umbilical cordthrough the umbilical cord

35. ParturitionParturition
Giving birthGiving birth
First water bag appearsFirst water bag appears
Second water bag appear containing the Second water bag appear containing the
fetusfetus
Umbilical cord is brokenUmbilical cord is broken
Animal begins breathingAnimal begins breathing

36. ParturitionParturition
First milk is First milk is colostrum colostrum which contains which contains
antibodiesantibodies
AfterbirthAfterbirth is expelled is expelled

37. Reproduction in PoultryReproduction in Poultry
Young are develop outside the mothers Young are develop outside the mothers
bodybody
Sperm cells remain in the oviduct for 2 to Sperm cells remain in the oviduct for 2 to
3 days3 days
Full fertilization is about 6 daysFull fertilization is about 6 days

38. Reproductive failureReproductive failure
Physical conditionPhysical condition
InfectionsInfections
Sexual behaviorSexual behavior
CystCyst
CryptorchidismCryptorchidism