ankylosis of teeth

ankylosis of teeth

1. NESHEENA V K 3 RD Year Roll No: 9 Ankylosis of teeth

2. Definition The union of a tooth root to the alveolar bone due to the lack of periodontal ligament space. ANKYLOSIS ankyl - adhesion,  fixed -osis -  a process, condition, or state, usually abnormal or  diseased .

3. Submerged teeth are deciduous teeth that have undergone variable degree of root resorption and then have become ankylosed to bone Ankylosis occurs due to anatomic fusion of cementum or dentin with alveolar bone. Unerupted permenent teeth may become ankylosed by enostosis of enamel

4. Ankylosis of teeth is uncommon, but more in the  deciduous teeth than  permanent teeth . Ankylosis of deciduous teeth ("submerged teeth") . The most commonly affected tooth is the mandibular second deciduous molar. Partial root resorption first occurs and then the tooth fuses to the bone. This prevents normal exfoliation of the deciduous tooth and typically causes impaction of the permanent successor tooth

5. Etiology Changes in local metabolism – that will lead to Ankylosis of tooth in some cases Familial pattern Trauma Infection Abnormal tongue pressure and other causes

6. Clinical feature Age; it is more commonly in second decade of life Commonly affected teeth are deciduous first and second molar , following by anterior teeth Exfoliation and subsequent replacement by permanent teeth is prevented due to Ankylosis Characteristic solid sound in contrast to dull, cushioned sound of normal tooth on percussion.

7. Development of malocclusion, local periodontal disturbances and dental caries occurs Teeth lack mobility even after root resorption

8. Failure of the tooth to move after orthodontic forces It may cause malposition of adjacent teeth Such as, creating space for adjacent teeth to tip mesially or distally on top of the shortened tooth Super-eruption of opposing teeth The tooth appears sunken compared to the occlusal plane.

9. Radiographic Features Partial absence of periodontal ligament. A break in continuity of PDL , indicating an area of ankylosis is usually evident

10. Loss of lamina Dura

11. Treatment If a primary tooth was ankylosed and no permanent teeth if onset early -> extraction is recommended with placement of a space maintainer. If the onset is late , can build up with composite to occlusal plane & maintain contacts appropriately If permanent teeth is present Surgical extraction

12. . Ankylosis itself is not a reason to remove a permanent tooth, however teeth which must be removed for other reasons are made significantly more difficult to remove if they are ankylosed Build up with restorative material to maintain contacts If a permanent tooth is ankylosed

13. Opposing teeth should never be allowed to supra eruption . If ankylosis occurs in multiple teeth a segmental alveolar bone osteotomy and bone graft may be needed

14. Textbook of oral pathology SHAFER 8 TH edition. Textbook of Oral Pathology   By Anil Ghom, Shubhangi Mhaske Internet – Dr. G’S TOOTHPIX Ask an orthodontidic.com & IBIMA Publishing