Antacid ppt

adout antacid

1. ANTACID

2. Antacid Our stomach produce dilute hydrochloric acid (HCL) helps in digestion to our food without harming the stomach ,Sometimes the excess of acid is produced in the stomach which cannot treat with the dilute hydrochloric acid (HCL)that will harm us in the stomach, to prevent from acidity we the bases called as “ Antacid ”. Antacid reversibly reduce or block the secretion of acid by gastric cells to reduce acidity in the stomach.

3. About Antacid Chemical substances which remove the excess acid and raise the pH to an appropriate level in stomach are called “Antacid”. Acid gastric is a very common aliment associated with digestion and is caused by an excess of Hydrochloric Acid(HCl) in the gastric juice. The commonly used Antacids are; Magnesium Hydroxide. Magnesium Carbonate. Magnesium Trisilicate. Aluminium Hydroxide gel. Sodium Bicarbonate. Aluminium Phosphate.

4. Components of Antacid Antacids are weak bases that are used to neutralize excess stomach acid Most antacids are weak inorganic bases Common examples include : CaCO 3 ( CALCIUM CARBONATE ) NaHCO 3 ( SODIUM BICARBONATE ) Al(OH) 3 ( ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE) Mg(OH) 2 ( MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE ) MgO and Mg(OH) 2 (Milk of Magnesia)

5. Indications when we take Antacid When heart burn is there then we take Antacid to reduce the heartburn. Treatment with antacids alone is symptomatic and only justified for minor symptoms . The utility of many combinations of antacids is not clear, although the combination of magnesium and aluminium salts may prevent alteration of bowel habits . A typical feeling of restlessness. Indigestion. Feeling of nausea (wanting to throw up) and a ctual vomiting.

6. Causes Of Excessive Release Of Acids In The Stomach Alcohol Consumption. Eating Certain Foods. Smoking. Certain Drugs i.e. Aspirin. Stress.

7. Reaction of Antacid Antacids react with HCl in the stomach Some common antacid reactions include: CaCO 3 + 2 HCl  CaCl 2 + H 2 O + CO 2 NaHCO 3 + HCl  NaCl + H 2 O + CO 2 Al(OH) 3 + 3 HCl  AlCl 3 + 3 H 2 O Mg(OH) 2 + 2 HCl  MgCl 2 + 2 H 2 O MgO + 2 HCl  MgCl 2 + H 2 O

8. Uses of Antacid It bring down the percentage of Acidity in our Stomach and prevent mucus lining in the stomach. It prevent from HEART BURN (acid from stomach rising into esophagus) that can to our stomach lining. It also prevent from the ULCER (damage to lining of stomach wall, resulting in loss of tissues and inflammation).

9. Side Effect Of Antacid Magnesium Compounds may cause diarrhea Aluminum Compounds may cause constipation and they also may interfere with the adsorption of phosphates in the formation of bones. This is more likely to be true if they are taken for an extended period of time Carbonates may generate carbon dioxide leading to bloating and flatulence . Calcium compounds containing may also increase calcium output in the urine, which might be associated with kidney stones. Sodium : Increased intake of sodium may be deleterious for arterial hypertension, heart failure and many renal diseases.

10. Some Other Its Side Effects Side effects from antacids vary depending on individual and other medications they may be taking at the time. Those who experience side effects most commonly suffer from changes in bowel functions, such as diarrhea, constipation, or flatulence. Other more serious side effects, such as stomach or intestinal; bleeding, can be more difficult to recognize. Although reactions to any drug may vary from person to person, generally those medications that contain aluminum or calcium are the likeliest to cause constipation, those that contain magnesium are the likeliest to cause diarrhea.

11. Who Cannot Take Antacid Patient with kidney failure or heart burn diseases Sodium Bicarbonate has high Sodium content and is not appropriate for people who are on salt restricted diet or have congestive heart failure high blood pressure or kidney problem .In pregnant if a lady is pregnant Antacid are Safetous for heart burn symptoms but do not use Antacid that have Sodium Bicarbonate. They can cause build cup during pregnancy it is okay to use Antacid that have Calcium carbonate problem with liver and kidney failure. If you have a problem with kidney and liver you should be careful with using Antacid . If your kidney are not working correctly .it is possible that too much of the drug will build up in our body.

12. Preparation To Form The Antacid Prepare 1 litre of approximately   HCl solution by diluting 10 ml of the concentrated acid for one litre . Similarly, make 1 litre of approximately NaOH solution by dissolving4.0g of NaOH to prepare one litre of solution. Prepare  Na2CO3 solution by weighing exactly 1.325 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate and then dissolving it in water to prepare exactly 0.25 litres (250 ml) of solution. Standardize the HCl solution by titrating it against the standard Na2CO3 solution using methyl orange as indicator. Similarly, standardize NaOH solution by titrating it against standardized HCl solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. Powder the various samples of antacid tablets and weigh 1.0 g of each. Add a specific volume of standardised HCl to each of the weighed sample is taken in conical flasks. The acid should be in slight excess, so that it can neutralize all the alkaline component of the tablet. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein and warm the flask till most of powder dissolves. Filter off the insoluble material. Titrate this solution against the standardised NaOH solution, till a permanent pinkish tinge is obtained. Repeat this experiment with different antacids.

13. Requirement TO Form The Antacid Burettes, pipettes, titration flasks, measuring flasks, beakers, weight box, fractional weights, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, hydrochloric acid, phenolphthalein. Antacid are Available As Requirement Capsules. Tablets. Powder. Chewable Tablet. Suspension.

14. Lets Have Some Questions Regarding Antacid 1.Name any two Components of Antacid? Ans. CaCO 3, NaHCO 3, Al(OH) 3 , Mg(OH) 2, MgO Or Mg(OH) 2 . 2.Which lining is prevent by Antacid in our Stomach? Ans. Mucus Lining . 3.Which Compound of Antacid which cause the diarrhea? Ans. Magnesium Compounds. 4.Name any 2 types of Antacid are Available according to requirement? Ans. Capsules, Tablets, Powder, Chewable Tablet, Suspension.

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