Anterior Crossbite

Anterior Crossbite
Copyright (c) Department of Orthodontics
University of Dental Medicine, Yangon

1. Anterior CrossbiteAnterior Crossbite
Dr.Hla Hla Yee

2. Anterior CrossbiteAnterior Crossbite
A deviation from the normal A deviation from the normal
labio-lingual relationship of the teeth of labio-lingual relationship of the teeth of
one arch one arch
with those of the opposing arch.with those of the opposing arch.

3. ClassificationClassification
( 1 ) Skeletal crossbite( 1 ) Skeletal crossbite
( 2 ) Dental crossbite( 2 ) Dental crossbite
( 3 ) Functional crossbite( 3 ) Functional crossbite

4. CausesCauses
Aetiology of skeletal crossbite areAetiology of skeletal crossbite are
–HereditaryHereditary
( Class III skeletal structure )( Class III skeletal structure )
–Surgically treated cleft lip and palateSurgically treated cleft lip and palate

8. Aetiology of Dental crossbiteAetiology of Dental crossbite
–due to lack of space for permanent teethdue to lack of space for permanent teeth
CausesCauses

9. –Permanent tooth buds from lingual to the Permanent tooth buds from lingual to the
primary teeth, a shortage of space may cause primary teeth, a shortage of space may cause
the permanent maxillary incisor teeth to remain the permanent maxillary incisor teeth to remain
lingual to the line of the arch and erupt into lingual to the line of the arch and erupt into
crossbitecrossbite
Supernumerary teeth Supernumerary teeth
retained deciduous teeth retained deciduous teeth
tooth size discrepancytooth size discrepancy
Abnormal eruptive pathAbnormal eruptive path
( ectopic eruption )( ectopic eruption )

12. Aetiology of functional crossbiteAetiology of functional crossbite
–Anterior displacement of mandible due to the Anterior displacement of mandible due to the
presence of occlusal interference during the act of presence of occlusal interference during the act of
bringing the jaw into occlusion (pseudo Cl III ).bringing the jaw into occlusion (pseudo Cl III ).
–There can be caused by There can be caused by
early loss of deciduous teethearly loss of deciduous teeth

15. DiagnosisDiagnosis
–Differentiate skeletal from non-skeletal Differentiate skeletal from non-skeletal
problemproblem

16. Examination ??Examination ??
Profile viewProfile view
Skeletal pattern I vs IIISkeletal pattern I vs III
Cephalometric analysis ??Cephalometric analysis ??
ANB ??ANB ??
Wits ??Wits ??

17. TreatmentTreatment
I. Skeletal correctionI. Skeletal correction

18. Growth modification treatment Growth modification treatment
–Treatment starts from the beginning to the Treatment starts from the beginning to the
end of the adolescent growth spurt.end of the adolescent growth spurt.

23. Camouflage treatmentCamouflage treatment
–too old for successful growth modificationtoo old for successful growth modification
–mild to moderate skeletal Cl II or mild skeletal Cl III.mild to moderate skeletal Cl II or mild skeletal Cl III.
–reasonably good alignment of teeth.reasonably good alignment of teeth.
–good vertical facial proportion neither extreme short good vertical facial proportion neither extreme short
face (Skeletal deep bite ) nor long face face (Skeletal deep bite ) nor long face
( Skeletal open bite )( Skeletal open bite )

25. ANB -2 degree
AO-BO -3mm
Upper 1 to FHP _ 115
Lower 1 to MP _94

27. Surgical treatmentSurgical treatment
–Severe skeletal discrepancy or extremely Severe skeletal discrepancy or extremely
severe dentoalveolar problem.severe dentoalveolar problem.
–Adult patient or younger patient with Adult patient or younger patient with
extremely severe or progessive deformity.extremely severe or progessive deformity.

30. Combination treatmentCombination treatment

31. II. Dental correctionII. Dental correction
depending upon the age of the patientdepending upon the age of the patient
eruption status of the teeth and the space eruption status of the teeth and the space

availability various appliance designed to availability various appliance designed to
correct anterior crossbite.correct anterior crossbite.

32. ( a ) Tongue blade correction
–In early ages , when maxillary incisor is still erupting,
with no major overbite and adequate space in the
arch for the misaligned tooth , a tongue blade may be
sufficient for crossbite correction.
–The patient is instructed to insert the tongue blade at
an angle between the teeth and bite firmly,
maintaining the pressure for 5 seconds, then interrupt
and repeat for 25 times, 3 times a day.

33. Tongue blade correction cont'd
–If the tongue blade exercise is not successful after
two weeks or if tooth eruption is too advanced, a bite
plane is more satisfactory.

35. ( b ) Lower anterior inclined plane ( b ) Lower anterior inclined plane
–The bite plane should have sufficient inclination to produce a The bite plane should have sufficient inclination to produce a
definite forward sliding motion of the maxillary incisor on closure.definite forward sliding motion of the maxillary incisor on closure.
–It may be constructed for a simple tooth on a group of teeth can It may be constructed for a simple tooth on a group of teeth can
be made of acrylic or cast metal. be made of acrylic or cast metal.
–The appliance is cemented with temporary cement. The appliance is cemented with temporary cement.
–the posterior teeth will be slightly out of the occlusion but the the posterior teeth will be slightly out of the occlusion but the
discomfort is in the maxillary arch to align the tooth / teeth. discomfort is in the maxillary arch to align the tooth / teeth.

36. –Pre requisitiesPre requisities
Enough space in the maxillary arch to align the teeth or Enough space in the maxillary arch to align the teeth or
tooth.tooth.
the maxillary tooth or teeth to be corrected should be the maxillary tooth or teeth to be corrected should be
retroclined or eruptin posterior to actual tooth position.retroclined or eruptin posterior to actual tooth position.
The developmenta status of the mandibular incisors should The developmenta status of the mandibular incisors should
be such that they can tolerate the force generated.be such that they can tolerate the force generated.
The mandibular incisor should be relatively well aliged to The mandibular incisor should be relatively well aliged to
allow appliance fabrication.allow appliance fabrication.
The patient should be cooperative.The patient should be cooperative.

38. ( c ) Hawley retainer ( c ) Hawley retainer with auxillary springs with auxillary springs
for correction of anterior crossbitefor correction of anterior crossbite

39. If space is availableIf space is available
–procline the lingually erupted anterior teeth procline the lingually erupted anterior teeth
with RA or FAwith RA or FA
–RA by using z spring RA by using z spring
modified finger springmodified finger spring
palatal spring palatal spring
Cranked palatal springCranked palatal spring
cross cantileaver springcross cantileaver spring
screwscrew

40. Z - Spring
Double Cantilever
spring

41. Cranked palatal finger spring

46. If the (reverse) OB is more than 2mm or the If the (reverse) OB is more than 2mm or the
opposing teeth are periodontally compromised, opposing teeth are periodontally compromised,
the use of a posterior bite plane.the use of a posterior bite plane.
-To allow the tooth to be moved free from occlusion.-To allow the tooth to be moved free from occlusion.
–To decrease or eliminate the forces exerted on the To decrease or eliminate the forces exerted on the
teeth in the opposing arch.teeth in the opposing arch.

47.  If lack of space If lack of space
–Create space depending on severity of Create space depending on severity of
crowding (Disking or Expansion or Extraction) crowding (Disking or Expansion or Extraction)
crossbite correctioncrossbite correction
–Establishing a good OB relationship is the key Establishing a good OB relationship is the key
to maintaining crossbite correction.to maintaining crossbite correction.

48. Crossbite caused by mandibular shift Crossbite caused by mandibular shift
should be treated as soon as they are should be treated as soon as they are
discovered.discovered.
–An uncorrected mandibular shift can produce An uncorrected mandibular shift can produce
undesirable soft tissue grown modification.undesirable soft tissue grown modification.
–Occlusal analysis for premature contact and Occlusal analysis for premature contact and
functional mandibular shift.functional mandibular shift.