Anthracnose of green gram

it gives the details about about pathogen,lifecycle,symptoms and management of disease.

1. SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES PRESANTED BY PETA SRUJANA M.Sc . PLANT PATHOLOGY

2. ANTHRACNOSE of GREEN GRAM TOPIC

3. GREEN GRAM – Vigna radiata Kingdom : Plantae Order : Fabales Family : Fabaceae Genus : Vigna Species : radiata

4. Green gram is an important pulse crop in India, rich source of protein content (23-24%),it also called as Mung bean. In India it is cultivated in an area of 3.3mha. It is mainly grown as kharif season crop. In India green gram anthracnose was first reported from Jorhat of Assam state in 1951. Losses in yield due to anthracnose was been estimated to be in range of 24-67 per cent.

5. Anthracnose - Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sexual stage: Glomerella lindemuthianum ) Kingdom : Fungi Division : Eumycota Sub division : Deuteromycotina Order : Melanconiales Family : Melanconiaceae Genus : Colletotrichum Species : lindemuthianum

6. SYMPTOMS: The disease appears on all aerial part parts and at any stage of plant growth. Circular, black, sunken spots with dark center and bright red orange margins on leaves and pods. In severe infections, the affected parts wither off. Seedlings get blighted due to infection soon after seed germination.

7. PATHOGEN CHARACTERISTICS: The Disease appears on fungus mycelium is septate, hyaline and branched. Conidia are produced in acervuli, arise from the stroma beneath the epidermis and later rupture to become erumpent. A few dark coloured, septate setae are seen in the acervulus. The conidiophores are hyaline and short and bear oblong or cylindrical, hyaline, thin walled, single celled conidia with oil globules. The perfect stage of the fungus produces perithecia with limited number of asci, which contain typically 8 ascospores which are one or two celled with a central oil globule.

8. DISEASE CYCLE: The fungus is seed-borne and cause primary infection. It also lives in the infected plant tissues in soil. The secondary spread by air borne conidia produced on infected plant parts. Rain splash also helps in dissemination.

9. Favourable Conditions: The disease is more sever in cool and wet seasons. The temperature range for infection is 55-80 ⁰F and high relative humidity( > 90%) is also required.

10. MANAGEMENT : Do hot water treatment for seeds at 54º for 10 min. Use disease free seed. Crop rotation with wheat or maize. Remove and destroy infected plant debris in soil. Treat the seeds with Carbendazim at 2 g/kg. Spray Carbendazim 500g or Mancozeb 2kg/ha soon after the appearance of disease and repeat after 15 days.

11. Thank you