Anti emetic

screening of Anti-emetics, Anti-emetic agents, treatment of emesis

1. ANTI EMETIC PREPARED BY : BHOOMIT PATEL MPH SEM 1

2. INTRODUCTION NAUSEA : Non observable subjective feeling of having an urge to vomit. EMESIS ACUTE EMESIS : occurs within mins. And resolves within 24 hrs. DELAYED EMESIS : occurs after 2-3 days BREAKTHROUGH EMESIS : emesis occurring after the prophylactic antiemetic treatment.

3. HOW VOMITING IS OCCURE The fourth ventricle of the brain hosts the vomiting centre called the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ). It is also called the area postrema. When the CTZ is stimulated, vomiting may occur. The CTZ contains receptors for dopamine, serotonin, opioids, acetylcholine and the neurotransmitter substance P. When stimulated, each of these receptors gives rise to pathways leading to vomiting and nausea. 

4. CHOICE OF ANIMALS & EMETOGEN

5. HOUSE MUSK SHREW LEAST SHREW

6. SCREENING MODEL DRUG INDUCE EMESIS MODEL. APOMORPHINE INDUCE EMESIS MODEL. COPPER SULPHATE INDUCE EMESIS MODEL. MOTION INDUCED EMESIS MODEL. RADIATION INDUCED EMESIS MODEL

7. APOMORPHINE INDUCE EMESIS MODEL Dogs most sensitive followed by ferret. Use of apomorphine in cat is controversial as administration of apomorphine can cause excitation in cats. Suncus murinus is unresponsive to apomorphinre.

8. MOTION INDUCED EMESIS MODEL COMMONLY USED FOR MOTION EMESIS DRUG MODEL Cat model Suncus murinus model Rat model

9. RADIATION INDUCED EMESIS MODEL Dog model Ferret model Rat model Ferret are most sensitive to radiations followed by Dogs. Cats are resistant to radiation

10. IN VITRO MODEL 5-HT3 are the most potent of all anti emetic. The experimental drug can be evaluated for 5-HT3 receptor antagonist activity using in vitro animal model

11. REFERENCES: https:// www.slideshare.net/prashantshukla927/screening-of-antiemetic-drugs Jan 11, 2017. H. Gerhard Vogel (Ed.) Drug Discovery and Evaluation Second edition.  

12. THANK YOU…