Anti parkinson

anti parkinson

1. RESHMA KATWAL ROLL NO – 12 COMS ANTI-PARKINSON AGENTS

2. OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION ANTI-PARKINSON AGENTS INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATION MECHANISM OF ACTION DOSAGE SIDE EFFECTS NURSE’S RESPONSIBILITES

3. An anti- parkinson is a type of drug which is intended to treat and relieve the symptoms of parkinson’s disease. Most of these agents act by either increasing dopamine activity or reducing acetylcholine activity in the central nervous system.

4. CONTINUE In clinical practice, anti-cholinergic drugs, amantadine , and the anti-histamines have their primary use of treatment for medication induced parkinsonism, acute dystonia , and medication induced tremor.

5. ANTI PARKISONIAN AGENTS ANTI-CHOLINERGIC AGENTS Trihexyphenidyl Benztropine Biperiden DOPAMINERGIC AGENTS : Bromocriptine Carbidopa / levodopa

6. INDICATION Drug – induced parkinsonism. Adjunct in the management of parkinsonism

7. CONTRAINDICATION Close angle glaucoma Urinary and intestinal obstruction Hypersensitivity Tachycardia

8. MECHANISM OF ACTION It acts by increasing the release of dopamine from pre-synaptic vesicles, blocking the re-uptake of dopamine into pre-synaptic nerve terminals or by exerting an agonist effect on post-synaptic dopamine receptors. Trihexyphenidyl reaches peak plasma concentrations in 2- 3 hours after oral administration and has duration of action up to 12 hours.

9. 1 – 2 mg per day orally initially, maximum dose upto 15 mg per day in divided doses.

10. SIDE EFFECTS Dizziness Nervousness Drowsiness Weakness Headache Confusion Constipation Urinary retention Blurred vision

11. CONTINUE Tachycardia Orthostatic hypotension Dry mouth Nausea Vomitting Decreased sweating

12. NURSE’S RESPONSIBILITIES Assess parkinsonian and extra pyramidal symptoms. Caution patient to make position changes slowly. Instruct patient about frequent rinsing of mouth. Inform patient that this medication decreases perspiration, and over heating may occur during hot weather.

13. CONTINUE Assess seizure activities. Drug should be taken with food. Teach patient to carry medicine, alert I.D stating patient’s name, drug taken. Teach patient not to stop medication without medical advice. Advise patient to limit intake of alcohol and increase protein containing food.