Anti ulcer drugs

1. Anti- ulcer drugs Anti Ulcer Drugs Bipul Deka Roll No: 05 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University

2. ULCER An ulcer is a localized erosion in stomach or duodenum. In the area of a gastric or duodenal peptic ulcer, the mucosa has been attacked by digestive juices to such an extent as to expose the subjacent connective tissue layer ( submucosa ). Mucosal damage can be promoted by Helicobacter pylori bacteria that colonize the gastric mucus. Ulcer

3. Duodenal ulcer(DU) Gastric ulcer(GU) Stress ulcer NSAID induced ulcer Common forms of peptic ulcers:

4. Cause of peptic Ulcer: Destruction of the intestinal mucosal lining of the stomach by hydrochloric acid. Infection with a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori, Or by long-term use of aspirin or other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), such as Ibuprofen

5. Therapeutic aims: (a) to relieve pain; (b) to accelerate healing; and (c) to prevent ulcer recurrence. Therapeutic approaches are threefold : (I) to reduce aggressive forces by lowering H+ output, (II) to increase protective forces by means of mucoprotectants ; and (III) to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Anti Ulcer Drugs

6. Basic types of Anti-ulcer drugs: I. Lowering of Acid Concentration Agents for acid neutralization Inhibitors of acid production II. Protective Drugs III. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori

7. Agents for acid neutralization Absorbable Antacids Ex: NaHCO3 Nonabsorbable Antacids Ex: CaCO3

8. Inhibitors of acid production: H2-Antihistaminics Proton pump inhibitors C holinoceptor antagonist

9. II. Protective Drugs Sucralfate

10. Misoprostol a semisynthetic prostaglandin derivative with greater stability than natural prostaglandin Locally released prostaglandins (PGF2α, PGE2) promote mucus production in superficial cells and inhibit acid secretion ofparietal cells

11. III. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. The combination of antibacterial drugs and omeprazole has proved effective.

12. References: “ Color Atlas of Pharmacology” by Heinz Lüllmann , Lutz Hein, Klaus Mohr and Detlef Bieger . Goodman & Gilman’s “Manual of Pharmacology & Therapeutics”. “Essentials of Medical Pharmacology” by KD TRIPATHI. “A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics” by JAMES M RITTER, LIONEL D LEWIS and TIMOTHY GK MANT. Internet Sources.

13. Thank You