Anti viral drug pharmacology classification

Antiviral drugs
What is virus?
Classification of anti viral drug
Mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetics
Uses
Adverse effect

1. ANTI VIRAL
DRUG
PRESENTED BY:-NIKITA PANDURANG PAWAR
ROLL NO:06
COLLEGE :-GANDHI NATHA RANGJI
COOLEGE OF PHARMACY,SOLAPUR

2. WHAT IS VIRUS ?
•An obligate intracellular
microorganism which
multiply in the nucleus or
cytoplasm of host cell and
metabolic machinery of host
cell is called virus
•The drug used against the
replication of virus in host
cell is known as antiviral
drugs
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.

3. CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIVIRAL DRUG

4. ANTI –
HERPES VIRUS DRUGS
•These are drugs active against the Herpes
groups of DNA viruses which include
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1),Herpes
simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), Varicella-zoster
virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV),&
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
•USES
•Genital herpes simplex
•Mucocutaneous H. Simplex
•H. Simplex encephalitis
•Herpes zoster
•Chickenpox
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.

5. ANTI
INFLUENZA DRUG
•It inhibit viral replication by causing
interfering with the influenza A virus M2
protein ,an integral membrane protein
.Prevent the release of infectious
nucleic acid in host cells
•Example :- Amantadine
•USES :-
•Parkinson s disease
•Gastric ulcer
•pregnancy
Adverse effect :-
Nausea , anorexia, insomnia, dizziness, lack of mental
concentration ankle edema occur due to local
vasoconstriction

6. NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE
TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS
•They work by interfering with enzyme
reverse transcriptase which HIV uses to
convert its RNA into DNA . This helps to
inhibit the virus ability to replicate
•Example :-zidovudine(AZT)
•It is a structural analogue of thymidine
,prodrug and must be phosphorylated
into active 5-triphosphate metabolite
zidovudine triphosphate

7. Pharmacokinetics
•It is well absorbed from the gut and distributed to most body tissues and fluids , including the
cerebrospinal fluid
•Plasma protein binding is approximately 35%
•Zidovudine is eliminated primarily by renal excretion following glucuronidation in the liver
Uses:-
•Zidovudine is one of the two optional NRTS use by NACO for first line triple drug ARV
regimen .
•Immune statusis improvedand opportunistic infections become less common.
•AZTalsoreduces neurological manifestationof AIDSand newKaposi slesionsdonot
appear
Adverse effects :-
•Anaemia and neutropenia –dose related
•Nausea , anorexia,abdominal pain ,headache
•Insomnia and myalgia
•Myopathy ,lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly
•Convulsions and encephalopathy

8. NON-NUCLEOSIDE
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE
INHIBITORS (NNRTIs)
•The NNRTIs directly inhibit the HIV-1
reverse transcriptase by binding in
reversible and non –competitive
manner to the enzyme
•Example:-Tenofovir(TFV)

9. PROTEASE
INHIBITORS(PIs)
•The antiretroviral protease
inhibitors act by binding to
catalytic site of the HIV protease ,
thereby preventing the cleavage
of viral polyprotein precursor into
mature, functional proteins that
are necessary for viral replication

10. THANK YOU!