Antibody generation

my preparation slide for antibody generation

1. ANTIBODY GENERATION SUBMITED BY, S.MUTHUSELVI 1 ST MSC REG NO:2017502008 DEPARTMENT OF BIOINFORMATICS

2. Overview of presentation Introduction of antibody(Ab ) History of antibody Structure of antibody Antibody classification Definition and key terms Antibody diversity Basic concept Generation antibody diversity Antibody production Proliferation Non-lysosomal processing

3. Antibody classification

4. Definition and key terms Antigen – A molecule can specifically binds to an antibody or a T-cell receptor(TCR) and usually induces an adaptive immune response. Antibody – Also called immunoglobulin(Ig).A type of glycoprotein is produced by B cell that binds to Ags with high specificity and affinity. Antiserum – Serum from Ag-immunized individual that contains Ab specific Ag.

5. MECHANISM OF ANTIBODY

6. ANTIBODY DIVERSITY What is antibody diversity? There are millions of antigens / epitopes Our immune system has the ability to produce specific antibody (variable regions) against all antigens. This diversification of antibody production is known as antibody diversity.

7. THEROY OF ANTIBODY DIVERSITY

8. BASIC CONCEPT One gene protein concept All immunoglobulin are protein According to one gene protein concept – as genetic concept theory there are 2types of theory 1) GERM LINE THEROY 2) SOMATIC THEROY

9. GENERATION OF ANTIBODY DIVERSITY

10. GENERATION OF ANTIBODY DIVERSITY Antibody diversification have been identified in humans Multiple germ line genes Combinatorial v(D) J joining P regions nucleotide addition N region nucleotide addition Junctional flexibility Combinatorial association of H and L chain Somatic hyper mutation

11. ANTIBODY PRODUCTION Macrophages take in antigen by endocytosis. The macrophages process the antigen and attaches it to a membrane protein called a MHC protein. The MHC proteins is moved to the cell surface membrane by exocytosis so that the antigen is displayed on its surface . Activation of helper T-cells Helper T-cells have receptors on their cell surface membrane which can blind to antigen presented by marcophages Activation of B-lymphocytes B cells have antibodies in their cell surface membranes antigens bind to the antibody in the surface membrane of B-cells.

12. proliferation The activated B-cell starts to divide by mitosis to form a clone of plasma cells. plasma cells are activated B-cells with a very extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum plasma cells are synthesis large amounts of antibody, which they excrete by exocytosis.

13. New antibody production

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