ANTIHYPERTENSIVE-RAUWOLFIA (2).pptx FOR FIRST YEAR DIPLOMA STUDENTS

PHARMACOGNOSY

1. PHARMACOGNOSY

2. ANTIHYPERTENSIVE Antihypertensives are the drugs which are used to lower the abnormal high blood pressure in the treatment of hypertension. The normal blood pressure of a healthy person is 120-80mmHg; which indicate the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

3. RAUWOLFIA Synonym: Sarpagandha , Serpentine root, Rauwolfia roots. Biological source: It consist of dried roots and rhizomes of Rauwolfia serpentina . Family : Apocyanaceae Geographical Source: It is a small shrub which is grows in India, Burma, Pakisthan , Thailand, Jawa .

4. Organoleptic Features : External characters are same for roots & rhizomes; but rhizhomes contain a small central pith. Shape: Sub-cylindrical & slightly tapering. Size: 10-18cm long, 1-3cm diameter Colour : Root bark- greyish yellow & wood- pale yellow Taste : Bitter Odour : Odourless Chemical Constituents: a) Indole alkaloids: Reserpine , Rescinnamine , Deserpedine b) Indoline alkaloid: Ajmaline , Ajmalicine c) Anhydronium alkaloids : Serpentina , Serpentinine , Alstonine

5. Identification Tests CHEMICAL TEST OBSERVATION Freshly fractured surface + concentrated nitric acid Red colour along with medullary rays. Drug + vanillin in acetic acid Violet colour .

6. Uses Of Rauwolfia : Used as antihypertensive. Ajmalicine used in cardiac arrhythmia. Used as tranquillizing agent. Ajmalicine used in angina pectoris. Reserpine used in some neuropsychiatric disorders.

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