API-570-Presentation for inspection and rerating

API 570 presentation

1. Inspection of Piping Systems
( In-Service)
API 570 Code

2. API 570 Code
Inspection, Repair, Alteration & Rerating of in-Service
Piping Systems


API: American Petroleum Institute
Code: Means that it is a mandatory (Jurisdictional requirement) to be followed
(in USA & CANADA)
Inspection: QC Functions performed by the owner’s inspector or inspector’s delegates
Repair: The work necessary to restore a piping system to a condition suitable for
safe operation at the design condition.
Alteration: A physical change in any component that has design implications
affecting the pressure containing capability or flexibility of a piping system beyond
the scope of its design.
Rerating: A change in either or both the design temperature or the maximum
allowable working pressure of a piping system. A rerating may consist of an
increase, a decrease, or a combination of both. Rerating below original design
conditions is a means to provide increased corrosion allowance.

3. Position Measurements
On-Stream: Piping Containing any amount of process
fluid
Off-Stream: Piping While in Shut-Down ( No process
fluid contained in the piping )
Reasons For Inspection:
The primary purpose of inspection is to identify active deterioration
mechanisms & causes of deterioration to specify repair,
replacement or future inspections to prevent or retard further
damage.
Piping System: An assembly of interconnected piping, subject to the same design
conditions .

4. Proximity TransducerInspection of Piping Systems
Piping Inspection
During Construction
(fabrication & Installation )
In-Service inspection
( On-Stream & Of-Stream )
Considering Risk
Ref. to API 580&581
ASME B31.3
( Process Piping )
ASME B31.1
( Power Piping )
Considering Consequence
of failure only
Ref. to API 570 & 574

5. When Could API 570 Be
applied??
Scope
Intent Limitations
For Petroleum refining
& Chemical process
Industries (Services included are:)
Raw, Intermediate
& finished products
H2,NG, FG, sour water
& FL systems
Any fluid service acc.
The owner/user option
Excluded & Optional
Piping systems
Packages, Heaters,
Boilers, Heat exchangers
Plumbing, sanitary sewers,
Less than NPS ½”
Nonmetallic piping &
Glass-Lined Piping

6. Objectives of Inspection

Inspection Objectives
Safe
Operating
Reliability Efficiency Saving Cost Environment

7. What to Inspect For & Where ??
Each owner/User should provide specific attention to the
need for inspection of piping systems that are susceptible
to specific types & area of deterioration.

8. Areas & Types of
Deterioration
Susceptible Areas
& Types of deterioration
Areas of more concern
Of inspection
Types of deterioration
Injection Points Deadlegs
Corrosion Under
Insulation (CUI )
Soil-To-Air
Interfaces (S/A)

9. Areas & Types of
Deterioration
Deteriorations Related
To piping Systems
Erosion &
Corrosion/Erosion
Creep cracking Fatigue Cracking

10. Areas & Types of Deterioration
Deteriorations Related
To Piping Systems
Corrosion Beneath
Lining & deposits
Environmental
cracking
Brittle Fracture &
Freeze Damage

11. 11
Areas of Deterioration
Injection Points

The greater of
12” upstream
or 3 times diameter
The lesser of
Second change
in direction
or 25 feet after
first change
Thickness
Measurement
Locations
(TML)

12. Prepared By: Eng. Osama Elsaadawy 12
Areas of Deterioration Cont.
Deadlegs
Stagnant Flow
OR No Flow
Areas
High points Low Points
DrainsVentsBypass

13. 13
Areas of Deterioration Cont.
Soil-To- Air Interfaces
S/A
6” Above ground 12” Under ground

14. 14
Areas of Deterioration Cont.
Corrosion Under Insulation
CUI
Damaged or
unsealed
Insulation/Jacketing
& Penetrations,
Valves & fittings
Exposed to mist
From cooling
Towers / Exposed
To steam vents
Temp. of (-4 : 120)
for C.S.
& of (65 : 204)
for Aus. S.S

15. 15
Areas of Deterioration Cont.
Erosion & Corrosion / Erosion
Down Stream
Of C.V. ,Orifice,
Down streams of
Pumps,
Compressors
Discharge
Points of flow
Directional
Changes OR
of turbulent flow

16. When to Inspect ??
Inspection Intervals
Jurisdictional
Requirements
Remaining
Life (API 570)
Service
Classes
(API 570)
RBI

17. 17
Piping Service Classes Acc. API 570
Piping Classes
Class I Class II Class III
Flammable/
Auto –refrigerate
& Rapidly
Vaporized
H2S greater 35 wt,
HF, C2,C3
& C4
Piping over or
adjacent to
water/public

18. Piping Service Classes Acc. API 570
Cont.
Class II
On-site
Strong Acids
& caustics
On-site
Hydrocarbons
Slowly
vaporize
H2, FG & NG

19. Piping Service Classes Acc. API 570
Cont.
Class III
Off-Site
Acids &
Caustics &
Remote Areas
Distillate product
Lines from & to
Storage & Loading
On-site
Hydrocarbons
Slowly
Vaporize & operating
Below Flash Point

20. How to Inspect for
Deteriorations ??
Types of Inspection & Surveillance
On-Stream
Inspection
Off-Stream
Inspection
Supplemental
Inspection
External VT
Thickness
Measurements
Vibration
Measurement

21. Types of Inspection &Surveillance
Cont.
Off-Stream Inspection
Internal VT External VT
Thickness
Measurements
Material
Verification &
traceability

22. 22
Types of Inspection & Surveillance Cont.
Supplemental
Inspection
Acoustic
Emission &
Leak Detection
Thermography &
Temp. Measurements
RT / UT for Weld / BM
Inspection

23. 23
Notes
•For more information about the detailed inspection for
piping systems components & deteriorations mechanisms,
Ref. to API RP 574 & API RP 579.
•Pressure tests not normally conducted as part of a routine
inspection, But when conducted this will be after
completing a repair, alteration OR rerating.

24. Recommended Max.
Intervals For Inspection
Class I
Thickness Measurements Visual Inspection
5 Years Max.
5 Years Max.

25. Recommended Max.
Intervals For Inspection
Class II
Thickness Measurements
Visual Inspection
5 Years Max.10 Years Max.

26. Recommended Max.
Intervals For Inspection
Class III
Thickness Measurements Visual Inspection
10 Years Max.10 Years Max.

27. Inspection Data Evaluation & Analysis

API 570 Recognize fitness -For- Service concepts foe Evaluating
In-service Degradations .

API RP 579 provides general requirements & detailed
assessment for specific types of degradation that are referenced in
API 570.
How To Use The Inspection
Findings ??

28. 28
Inspection Data Evaluation & Analysis
Calculations For
Remaining Life
Calculation (RL)
MAWP Determination
Corrosion Rate (CR)
Determination
Short – Term Corrosion Rate (ST)
Long – Term Corrosion Rate (LT)
MAWP >= Design Pressure

29. LTCR (mm) = t initial - t actual
Time (years) between them
STCR (mm) = t previous - t actual
Time (years) between them
RL (years) = t actual - t required
Corrosion Rate (mm)
MAWP = 2SET/D >= Design Pressure
Calculations Of CR, RL &
MAWP

30. 30
Repair, Alteration & Rerating
Repairs
Welding Repairs
( On-Stream)
Non-welding Repairs
(On-Stream)
Temporary Repairs Permanent Repairs
Welded split sleeve /
Box Type enclosure
Split coupling /
Plate patch
(Fillet Welded)
Insert Patches
( Flush Patches )

31. Repair, Alteration & Rerating
Non-welding Repairs
(On-Stream)
Bolted Leak Clamps Leak Sealing
Leak Dissipating
Devices

32. 32
Rerating
Rerating
Derating (Decrease Rating) Increase the Rating
Rating: Design Pressure & Temperature Ranges As well As
Operating Pressure & temperature

33. Inspection Of Buried piping

• Inspection of Buried Process Piping is deferent from
other process piping because significant external
deterioration can be caused by corrosive soil condition.

34. Types & Methods of Inspection
Types Of inspection & Intervals Of Inspection
Above-Grade Visual surveillance
Each 6 months intervals (Visual)
Close-Internal Potential Survey
5 Yrs intervals
Pipe coating Holiday Survey Soil Resistivity
(Corrosivity measurement each 5 Yrs)
Cathodic protection Monitoring
(Ref. to API RP 651)
Internal Inspection
External Inspection
(Excavation & Thickness Measurements)
Leak Testing

35. Frequency Of Inspection For Buried Piping
Without Effective Cathodic protection
Cathodically Protected Line
Ineffective C.P Without C.P
Excavation For
Thickness measurement
Leak Test For C.P Lines
(as alternation)
Soil Resistivity (Ohm/cm)
< 2000 each 5Yrs
Bet. 2000 to 10000 each 10 Yrs
> 10000 each 15 Yrs

36. Frequency Of Inspection For Buried Piping
Without Effective Cathodic protection
Frequency
Leak Test For C.P Lines
(as alternation)
Leak test For
Lines Without C.P
Soil Resistivity (Ohm-cm)
< 2000 each 5Yrs
Bet. 2000 to 10000 each 10 Yrs
> 10000 each 15 Yrs
Soil Resistivity (Ohm-cm)
< 2000 each 2.5Yrs
Bet. 2000 to 10000 each 5 Yrs
> 10000 each 7.5 Yrs