APPLICATION OF ROBOTICS-final an application.pptx

a ppt to describe application of robotics in healthcare

1. APPLICATION OF ROBOTICS IN HEALTHCARE

2. INTRODUCTION In medical field besides doctors some basic medical facilities are also essential for the effective treatment of the patient. In 19 th century due to absence of effective machinery it was quite problematic to identify the disease and to perform respective treatment effectively. Mortality rate was high. Malpractice of treatment and medicine.

3. history Cardiac Pacemaker : It was invented by Mark C. Hill and physicist Edgar H. Booth in 1926. Pacemakers send electrical pulses to help your heart beat at a normal rate and rhythm. Pacemakers can be used to help your heart chambers beat in sync so your heart can pump blood more efficiently to your body. Glucose monitoring system Heart monitoring system Ventilator

4. Medical help by AI driven Robots in Rural Areas Transportation of Medicine to The Rural Area Telepresence Surgery Sanitation and Disinfectant Robot Robotic Dispensing System Pharmacy Automation Transportation of Medicine to The Rural Area Telepresence Pharmacy Automation

5. uAVs ( unmanned aerial vehicle) to Transport Medical Supplies Transportation of medical supplies by motor vehicles and manned aircraft is expensive and slow, not ideal attributes for crisis and rescue situations. An unmet need is something off-road, such as a UAV, to bring supplies, including blood products or point-of-care diagnostics and medications, quickly and effectively to people in remote medical centers , disaster areas, and offshore vessels . Matternet is working through the issues to open the door for such UAVs. Their drone called One, holds up to one kilogram, and needs only a small yard or rooftop for take off and landing. However the drone does require Matternet’s sensor-equipped landing pads at both ends (this ensures movement with an intentional flight plan). Traveling up to 40 mph, it moves about 10 miles in about 18 minutes and can withstand winds of up to 10 m/s (20 knots), moderate rain, and -10° to 50° C temperatures. Powered by a battery, the drone moves along a route via Matternet’s smartphone app, which does not require a remote control. The app programs a route that intuits how it will work around potential obstacles. For example, routes will factor in.

6. Robotic surgery Robotic Surgery history dates back to the 1980s. In 1985, PUMA 560, was the first robotic surgical system that was used for the stereotaxic operation.   Then, in 1988, PROBOT was used to perform transurethral prostate surgery. In 1992, ROBODOC was developed for femur cavity preparation. Three systems were created by this time; Da Vinci surgical system, Zeus and AESOP Robotic Surgical systems. Sometimes, highly complex surgeries are not possible in the traditional way. In such cases, Robotic Surgery might be the only option.

7. da vinci surgical system Robotic Surgery consists of using a robotic surgical system to perform on patients. The Da Vinci system is the most used robotic system over the world. It consists of three components - the surgeon’s console, a patient cart, and the vision cart. All of these components work together to allow the surgeon to view what is happening and then mimics the moments to guide the instruments.   Da Vinci Surgical Robot

8. Robotic surgery Sometimes, highly complex surgeries are not possible in the traditional way. In such cases, Robotic Surgery might be the only option. For the surgeon, it allows the surgery to be done with precision that was not possible before. This is why Robotic Surgery is great for delicate surgeries as well. Robotic Surgery is better because the robotic arms can reach places that are difficult for the surgeon’s hands to reach.

9. Robotic surgery Robotic kidney surgery might be required when one kidney or a part of a kidney needs to be removed.   Robotic gallbladder surgery includes cholecystectomy which means removing the gallbladder. With the help of robotic surgical systems, surgeons can now perform the surgery with a single incision  Robotic colorectal surgery might be required in the case when a patient requires colectomy or has other conditions such as a benign tumour.

10. Robotic surgery The surgeon has a better view of what is happening during the operation which enables him/her/them to see better and make better decisions. There are fewer chances of getting an infection when Robotic Surgery is performed with smaller incisions. Robotic surgeries allow complex surgeries to be performed that aren’t possible with traditional methods.

11. The system has been used in the following procedures: Radical prostatectomy, pyeloplasty, cystectomy, nephrectomy and ureteral reimplantation Hysterectomy, myomectomy and sacrocolpopexy Hiatal hernia and inguinal hernia repair GI surgeries including resections and cholecystectomy Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for head and neck cancer

12. Why AI is needed AI is needed to replace the complicated surgery process where doctors often needs consult AI can be used for early disease detection and proper treatment AI is needed for large scale research process to cut time short

13. The future of Robotic AI Technology in Healthcare Robotic AI in Clinical Decisions AI in Diagnosis AI in Medical Robots They provide proper care and treatment to the patient Provide a safe environment for the patient Some clinical settings

14. Inequalities of Health Services in Rural Areas In developing countries, rural residents accounted for 68% (3.4 billion) of the total population in 2016, and this number will increase and reach its peak in the 2020s. On the other hand, this can be observed that rural residents accounted for only 19% of the total population in developed countries in 2016. About 90% of the global rural population live in Asia and Africa, and half of these (45%) live in India (857 million) and China (635 million). In Africa, Nigeria (95 million) and Ethiopia (78 million) have the largest rural populations.

15. doctor-to-population ratio – a disquiet factor Regarding the doctor-to-population ratio, for India the density of doctors in urban areas was 1.71 per 1000 population, whereas that in rural areas was 0.45 per 1000 population. In China, the densities of doctors in urban and rural areas were 3.00 and 1.33 per 1000 population, respectively. The situation in Africa is the worst. In Nigeria, the densities of doctors in urban and rural areas were 0.14 and 0.01 per 1000 population, respectively . I n Ethiopia they were 0.07 and 0.02 per 1000 population, respectively.

16. EHR ( Electronic Health Record) AI systems can help doctors in a large extent to help to analyze the problems of a patient. The AI system records the Electronic Health Record (EHR), then it analyses the data and gives suggestions like a doctor does. It also include the reduction of errors. It has shown that an AI takes 40 seconds to analyze the data of a patient and give the clinical decisions to the patient. Thus the AI technology can be effective in rural areas as sometimes there is no availability of doctors in that areas.

17. EFFICIENCY – A BIG FACTOR How the use of Robotics can increase the Efficiency of Healthcare : Saves Time Saves Money Ease of Services Availability of Services Saves More Lives

18. THANK YOU Anudipan Pal Electronics and Communication Engineering Heritage Institute of Technology Sodepur Kolkata West Bengal India [email protected] Aishik Paul Electronics and Communication Engineering Heritage Institute of Technology Chinsurah Hooghly West Bengal India [email protected]