Applications of beams and girders

APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BEAMS AND GIRDERS

1. APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BEAMS AND GIRDERS

2. STEEL BEAMS

3. Steel beams are extremely crucial and necessary for the construction any building or structure, such as bridges, etc. They come in a wide range of sizes and shapes.

4. I-Beam: These steel beams are shaped like the capital letter ‘I’. They are commonly used in industrial applications and have tapered flanges. I-shaped cross-section steel beams come in two different styles, one has a parallel flange surface (wide), whereas the other one has a slope on the inner flange surfaces (S-beam).

5. W-Beam: These are similar to I-beams and they are also called as ‘wide flange’ beams. They have a straight flange and are most often used in residential construction.

6. H-Beam: These are generally heavier and longer than I-beams. Appearing like the capital letter ‘H’, they have longer flanges. Often, the term is interchangeably used with I-beams, so this can be confusing at times. H-beams have webs and flanges that have the same thickness in many cases.

7. Channels: Like one half of the I-beam, these have a C-shaped cross-section. The top and bottom part of the beam have sloped inner flange surfaces that come out only on one side of the beam. They are used in supporting lighter loads since they are not as strong as the other beam shapes.

8. Curved beam: Beam with curved profile, such as in the case of circular buildings.

9. Castellated beam A castellated beam is a beam style where an I-beam is subjected to a longitudinal cut along its web following a specific pattern. The purpose is to divide and reassemble the beam with a deeper web by taking advantage of the cutting pattern. used in the construction of bridges It is used in the construction of dams Used in the construction of high-rise structures.

10. BUILT - UP BEAMS The use of cold-formed steel members has increased in recent years, especially in light-weight steel construction, such as steel-framed housing, low-rise office buildings, factories, and warehouses due to its high strength to weight ratio. Cold formed steel built-up sections are commonly used as compression members to carry heavier loads and over longer spans when a single individual section is insufficient.

11. GIRDERS

12. Steel girders are a type of steel beams. Girders are collector beams, they are the main horizontal supports of a structure which support the smaller beams. So “all girders are beams but all beams are not girders”. Steel girders and beams differ from each other in various aspects.

13. Girders have high load bearing capability. They can withstand heavy loads as steel is highly durable. They are responsible for the support function of any structure. Girders carry ‘dynamic loads’ and ‘rolling loads’. This is typical of steel girders. Due to its high load bearing capability steel girders are widely used in the construction industry.

14. The main function of a steel girder is to transfer the load to the columns on which it rests. A steel beam transfers load to the steel girder. This is another key distinguishing factor between a steel girder and a steel beam. Girders are often used for constructing bridges.

15. Plate girders Plate girders are usually used to construct bridges that are suitable for short to medium spans andmay support railroads, highways, or other traffic. Some of the most commonly used girder bridges are: Box Girder Bridge Beam Bridge Multi- Girder Composite Bridges Half-Through Plate Girder Bridges

16. lattice girders The use of lattice girders should be considered for projects where shotcrete will be used for temporary or permanent support. These include mining through soft ground, mixed face and rock, or tunnels in which widths or heights may vary. Lattice girders are applied equally well to circular and horseshoe shaped excavations, whether driven full face or heading and bench.

17. Warren girder Warren girder contains a series of isosceles triangles or equilateral triangles. To increase the span length of the truss bridge, verticals are added for Warren girder.

18. Gantry girders Gantry girders are used in the factories, where the loads are transferred from one place to another with the helps of cranes mounted on the bridges. Bridges across the yards are supported by the gantry girders with the help of the wheels and rails on the girders .

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