Applications of EM Waves

Examples of electromagnetic waves include radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays. ... Microwaves are used to cook your food. Infrared waves are used in remote controls and are emitted from all warm objects, allowing them to be used to create heat-sensitive cameras

1. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Applications of EM Waves Instructor: Engr. Taimoor Muzaffar Gondal [email protected] Lecture 06

2. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 What are Waves? Rhythmic disturbances that carry energy without carrying matter

3. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Mechanical Waves Waves that require a material medium Examples include ocean waves; ripples in water; seismic waves; sound, and waves along a spring or rope; wave of people at a sporting event These materials carry the energy of the wave

4. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Wave: Crest Trough Wavelength

5. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Frequency, Time Period

6. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Waves that DO NOT NEED matter (medium) to transfer energy Examples: radiation, TV & radio waves, X-rays, microwaves, lasers, energy from the sun, visible light Electromagnetic waves are considered transverse waves because they have similar characteristics; therefore, they have the same parts. Electromagnetic Waves

7. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Spectrum of EM Waves

8. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 X-Rays Electromagnetic radiations High energy Short wavelength Able to pass through materials opaque to light

9. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 X-Rays X-rays are one of the main diagnostically tools in medicine since its discovery by Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. X-rays are produced when high energetic electrons interact with matter. The X-ray tube provides an environment for X-ray production via bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation mechanisms.

10. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 X-Ray The classical X-ray tube requires : Electron source Electron acceleration potential Target for X-ray production The intensity of the electron beam determines the intensity of the X-ray radiation ..

11. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 C omponents of the modern X-ray tube Cathode (electron source) Anode (acceleration potential) Rotor/stator (target device) G lass/metal envelope (vacuum tube)

12. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Uses There are many uses of x-rays In medical field Radiation therapy Broken bones Infections (such as pneumonia) Calcification (like kidney stones or vascular calcification) some tumours Arthritis in joints Dental issues Heart problems (such as congestive heart failure) Blood vessel blockage Bone loss (such as osteoporosis) Digestive problems Foreign objects (such as items swallowed by children)

13. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 INTRODUCTION The term laser is an acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation." Laser treatment is a non-invasive method to help reduce acute and chronic pain. The light in laser is monochromatic Coherent Polarized Albert Einstein first describe the mechanism of laser. Endre Master is father of Laser Light LASER LIGHT THERAPY

14. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Types of laser (medium based) Lasers are classified into 4 types based on the type of laser medium used Solid laser (glass and crystalline laser) Liquid laser (dye laser) Gas laser (Helium, Neon, Argon) Semiconductor laser (diode laser)

15. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 ADVANTAGES OF LASER THERAPY Reduce pain Reduce inflammation Acceleration of leukocytes activity Recover from nerve injury Increase bone and cartilage formation

16. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Disadvantages of Laser therapy Expensive Harmful for pregnant women Damage eye if applied directly Can cause skin rashes Can not produce effect on first time

17. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 Laser Therapy in Physiotherapy Laser therapy can be used on patients with Ankle sprain (use high intensity laser) Chronic low back pain Frozen shoulder

18. Duration: 60 min DPT Medical Physics Lecture 06 End of Lecture 06 For any kind of queries and questions you are advised to write at t [email protected] Or visit my office during consulting hours This lectures can also be downloaded from https://www.slideshare.net/Taimoor_Gondal