Arishtas

by Swati Wadhawan
M. Pharm 1 st yr
MDU, Rohtak

1. AYURVEDIC FORMULATION ARISHTA BY: Swati Wadhawan M. Pharma 1 st year

2. Ayurvedic system of medicine is as old as the Vedic age. Now–a–days people give preference to the Ayurvedic medicines as the allopathic medicines are costlier and have side effects. Ayurvedic medicines are based on plants, animals extract and minerals both in single ingredient drugs and compound formulations, however, Ayurveda does not rule out any substances from being used as a potential source of medicine. AYURVEDA

3. 1. Classical ayurvedic medicines These medicines are present on ayurvedic text books such as charaka samhita, sushruta samhita etc. Manufacturing company follows the same formula and prepare medicines. e.g: bhasmas, asavas, arishta, taila etc. BASIC TYPES OF AYURVEDIC FORMULATIONS

4. 2. Proprietary medicines These are also knows as patent medicines or mordern ayurvedic medicines. Their formulas, dosage form are decided by the manufacturing company and ingredients used in these preparation are not found in traditional ayurvedic text book. e.g: capsules, syrups etc.

5. ARISHTA Arishta are ayurvedic preparations that contains self-generated alcohol content and herbal extracts soluble in both water as well as alcohol. INTRODUCTION

6. Arishtas are made with decoctions of herbs in boiling water. These are unique liquid dosage form that contains self generated alcohol. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant materials Terminalia arjuna (Combretaceae) bark, flowers of Madhuca indica (Sapotaceae) and Woodfordia fruiticosa (Lythraceae) were collected from forests of Sahydri Ghats of Maharashtra (India); fruits of Vitis venifera (Venifera) and jaggery procured from local market . FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ARJUNARISHTA

7. Arjunarishta is a fermented liquid preparation made with ingredients in the formulation composition shown in table 1. It contains not more than 10% and not less than 5% of self generated alcohol. Collected raw drug materials cleaned, washed, dried and used for formulation preparation. Formulation preparation

8. Pulverized Terminalia arjuna bark was passed through sieve no.44, mixed with required amount of potable water and soaked overnight. Then mild heating is carried out until the quantity get reduce to one fourth of initial volume. This decoction filtered through muslin cloth and filtrate was used for further processing. Preparation of decoction

9. Arjunarishta formulation composition Ingredient Quantity Terminalia arjuna bark 4.80 Kg Vitis venifera fruits 2.40 Kg Madhuca indica flower 0.96 Kg Woodfordia fruiticosa flower 0.96 Kg Jaggery 4.80 Kg Water 49.152 L

10. Required quantity of jaggery was dissolved in decoction by stirring and filtered through muslin cloth. Filtrate was collected in clean porcelain jar and remaining ingredients along with Woodfordia fruiticosa flower were added and mixed. Then container was sealed with mud smeared cloth and kept in clean and dry room for fermentation. After fermentation the fermented material is filtered through muslin cloth. Filtrate was packed in air tight container and used for evaluation. Fermentation

11. 1 . Preliminary evaluation Determination of organoleptic characteristics viz. odour, taste, colour and clarity of prepared arjunarishta was carried out . 2. Determination of alcohol content Not less than 25ml of preparation being examined was transferred to the distillation flask and its temperature is noted. It was diluted with equal volume of water. Afterwards it distilled and distillate about 2 ml less than the total volume collected. Water was added to measure exactly same volume of original test liquid and adjusted to temperature noted before. Physico-chemical evaluation

12. Continue……. Specific gravity of this liquid was determined and alcohol content analyzed using relative density table given in United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) 3. Total solid content 10g of a formulation was taken in evaporated dish which was previously weighed and allowed to evaporate so that only solid content remains in the dish and rest of the fluid gets evaporated. Then it again weighed and the solid content of formulation calculated 4. pH Calibrated pH meter was used to check the pH of formulation

13. 5. Viscosity Viscosity of arjunarishta was determined with the help of Brookfield viscometer. 6. Refractive Index The Refractive Index of formulation was found out by using Abbe’s Refractometer. 7. Acid value Acid value was determined as per the procedure given in Indian Pharmacopoeia

14. 8. Total phenolic content Absorbance of standard tannic acid solutions are recorded on UV- visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu-1800) at 750 nm and standard curve is plotted. Sample of arjunarishta prepared as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India and processed for estimation of total phenolic content

15. JIRAKDYARISHTA Indication:  Emenogogue and regularizes menstruation. Improves appetite. Used in ladies after delivery with Mahavat vidhwansan ras .It is highly beneficial in bodyache, fever, general weakness and burning sensation of feet and hands that occur after delivery. Dose:  1 to 2 table spoonful (15 to 30ml) with equal quantity of water after meals or as directed by the physician. Packing: 225ml, 450ml and 680ml and 5ltr.Jar. MARKETED FORMULATIONS

16. Cumin seeds – Cuminum cyminum – 9.6 kg it is added with 49 .15 liters of water, boiled and reduced to 12.25 liters, filtered. This decoction is added with jaggery – 14.4 kg Dhataki – woodfordia fruticosa – 768 g Ginger – 96 g Nutmeg – 48 g Musta – Cyperus rotundus – 48 g Cardamom – 48 g Patra – Cinnamomum tamala – 48 g Cinnamon – 48 g Nagakeshara – Mesua ferrea – 48 Yavani – Trachyspermum ammi – 48 g Kankola – Piper cubeba – 48 grams Clove – 48 g JIRAKDYARISHTA INGREDIENTS 

17. It helps to improve strength of the mother, after delivery. It helps in normal involution of uterus, promotes lactation and immunity of the mother. Because most of the herbs used in Jeerakarishta are hot in nature, it also keeps mother away from cold and infections. It Boosts immunity. Apart from these benefits, Jeerakarishtam is also used in the treatment of frequent passing of stools, diarrhoea, indigestion etc. It helps to improve digestion power. JIRAKDYARISHTA USES: 

18. It contains jaggery, hence it may increase blood sugar levels in diabetes. However, very high dose than prescribed may cause burning sensation in stomach. It is often used in the treatment of childhood complaints. JIRAKDYARISHTA SIDE EFFECTS

19. ABHAYARISHTA Indication:  Laxative and Diuretic; Improves appetite.Used in bleeding and dry piles.ascites, oedema and in constipation. Dose:  1 to 2-table spoonful with equal quantity of water twice a day after meals or as directed by the physician. Packing: 225ml, 450ml and 680ml.

20. The herbal ingredients in Abhayarishta include- Abhaya (Haritaki – Terminalia chebula) Draksha (Dry grapes) Madhuka (Madhuca indica) Vidanga (Embelia ribes), water for Kashayam, Jaggery Trivrit (Operculina turpethum) Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris) Dhanyaka (Coriander) Dhataki (Woodfordia fruticosa) Chavya (Piper retrofractum) Indravaruni (Citrullus colocynthis) Shunti (ginger) Mishreya (Foeniculum vulgare) Danti (Baliospermum montanum) Mocharasa (Salmalia malabarica) INGREDIENTS

21. Piles Bloating Constipation Improves digestion Ascites Difficulty in urination Side Effects of Abhayarishta An over-dosage of this medicine should be strictly avoided as it may cause a few unpleasant side effects such as loose motions, pain in the stomach, and gastric disturbances. Pregnant women should avoid using this medicine as it contains Colocynth, which can increase the contractions of the uterus and raise the risk of abortion. ABHAYARISHTA BENEFITS & USES

22. http://www.dabur.com/daburmediclub/products/asava-arishta/jirakdyarishta.html https://www.ayurtimes.com/asava-arishta/ http://japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/473_pdf.pdf REFERENCES

23. THANKYOU