Armedconflict

Definition, Effects and Stages of Armed Conflict

1. “Men of combat age are most often the ones who are conscripted and therefore killed or injured during battle. Women, however, are the main victims of war. This is either directly as fatalities and casualties or indirectly through the breakdown of family and community structures (Byrne 1996).” Armed Conflict

2. Many parts of the world continue to experience armed conflicts. While it is true that in situations of conflict the entire community, whether they are directly or indirectly involved in the conflict are greatly affected, the impact on women is especially complex.  Introduction

3. Defining Arm Conflict … A rmed conflict means a battle between two or more groups, clans or states etc with the invasion of arms like swords, pistols, guns to nuclear weapons. An armed conflict is a contested incompatibility which concerns government and/or territory where the use of armed force between two parties, of which at least one is the government of a state, results in at least 25 battle-related deaths.

4. Defining Arm Conflict in different perspective … “… a political conflict in which armed combat involves the armed forces of at least one state (or one or more armed factions seeking to gain control of all or part of the state), and in which at least 1,000 people have been killed by the fighting during the course of the conflict.” – Project Ploughshare Reference: http :// ploughshares.ca/armed-conflict/defining-armed-conflict

5. Defining Arm Conflict in different perspective … Armed Conflict is often referred to war. War is a state of armed conflict between societies. It is generally characterized by extreme  aggression , destruction, and mortality, using  regular or  irregular military forces.  Reference: https ://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War

6. How is the term "Armed Conflict" defined in international humanitarian law? International humanitarian law distinguishes two types of armed conflicts, namely: international armed conflicts, opposing two or more States, and non-international armed conflicts, between governmental forces and non-governmental armed groups, or between such groups only. IHL treaty law also establishes a distinction between non-international armed conflicts in the meaning of common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and non-international armed conflicts falling within the definition provided in Art. 1 of Additional Protocol II. Reference: https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/article/other/armed-conflict-article-170308.htm

7. What are the stages of armed conflict? The majority of armed conflicts take place in low-income developing countries. Only a few internal armed conflicts have been located in industrial countries. There may be some stages of armed conflict which to some extent may vary to times and spheres. As Byrne has stated, conflict may be said to have the following stages : 1. Run-up to conflict (pre-conflict) 2. The conflict itself 3. Peace process (or conflict resolution) 4. Reconstruction and reintegration (or post-conflict)

8. What are the cause of armed conflict? The causes of armed conflict are often linked with attempts to control economic resources such as oil, metals, diamonds, drugs or contested territorial boundaries . Example: In countries such as Colombia and the Sudan, for example, oilfield exploration has caused and intensified the impoverishment of women and men. Entire communities have been targeted and killed, displaced and/or marginalized in the name of oil development. 

9. The liberation of women from the oppressive Taliban regime, for example, constituted one of the justifications for the American invasion of Afghanistan in 2001. But in the five years prior to the invasion, there was a consistent lack of regard for the plight of women, despite attempts by both local and international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to draw attention to the violation of Afghan women‘s human rights.

10. What are the consequences of Armed Conflicts? 1.  The Defeat of Sustainability:  Clearly, a country at peace is more likely to have the political, economic, and civil stability that fosters sustainable development . Simmering conflicts and eruptions of violence slow economic growth, and reduce the latitude for innovation and investment.

11. What are the consequences of Armed Conflicts? 2.  Health sector:  Armed conflict between warring states and groups within states have been major causes of ill health and mortality for most of human history. Conflict obviously causes deaths and injuries on the battlefield, but also health consequences from the displacement of populations, the breakdown of health and social services, and the heightened risk of disease transmission.

12. What are the consequences of Armed Conflicts? 3.  Environmental consequences:  Along with the destruction of lives and livelihoods, war can also destroy croplands, forests, water systems, and other natural resources . 4. The spread of HIV:  During war there is a big chance of spreading HIV/ AIDS.

13. What are the consequences of Armed Conflicts? 5.Economic Factors:  Long periods of conflict, coupled with subsequent structural reforms that Governments are forced to apply, have devastating effects on the economy. Some of these include the destruction of economic and physical infrastructure, the rapid decline of industrial production, sharp rise in unemployment, the drainage of human resources, a flourishing black market, loss of savings and often total impoverishment.

14. What are the consequences of Armed Conflicts? 6 .  Violence against Women:   Women are systematically raped, intimidated, sexually abused, forced into unwanted pregnancies and killed. The intention behind these brutal actions is: to degrade, humiliate, terrorize and shame the other national group as a whole.  

15. What are the consequences of Armed Conflicts? 7.Demographic Changes:  Conflict and displacement involve large demographic shifts that seriously affect communities and families. Armed conflicts have changed the lives of millions of men and women, not just in the nations involved in conflict but also in bordering countries. 

16. References http://www.wikigender.org/wiki/women-and-armed-conflict/ http://ploughshares.ca/armed-conflict/defining-armed-conflict/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War Prepared By: Jimbo P. Dumlao