Arrangement of stars in a group

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1. Arrangement of Stars in a Group William D. Wisco Jr.

2. Constellations The patterns of stars which are seen in the sky are called Constellations. Astronomers use the term to refer a group of stars that form a particular shape in sky.

3. The Celestial Sphere It is an imaginary sphere of which the observer is the center and which all celestial objects appear to be projected and which the apparent dome of the visible sky forms half.

4. International Astronautical Union They divides the sky into 88 official constellations with exact boundaries. 48 were already recognized and listed during ancient times by Ptolemy

5. Asterism Star patterns that have been discovered but have not been officially identified as constellation Most famous example is big dipper, a constellation that featured in Alaskan State flag

6. Astronomical Instruments 1. It is a reflecting telescope built as an orbiting observatory NASA of USA administer this telescope 1. Hubble Space Telescope (1990) A spectrograph is an instrument that takes the pictures of spectrum light

7. 1. Hubble Space Telescope (1990) Produces sharper images and observes object which are 50 lines fainter from the earth’s surface Study ultraviolet and infrared lights Provides evidence of the massive black holes

8. 2. Ultraviolet Telescopes Enables astronomers to study extremely hot objects in space including quasars and stars called white dwarfs It also study how stars form and the composition of gas between stars and galaxies

9. 3. X-ray Telescopes X-rays have shorter wavelengths and higher energy that UVR. Simplest x-ray telescopes use iron or lead slats instead of mirrors Through x-ray telescopes found out that besides the sun, many objects in the universe gives off x-rays

10. 3. X-rays Telescopes Brightest Sources of x-rays are black holes, pulsars, supernova and binary of double stars. The ANS, Ariel V, OSO 9, SAS 3, OAO 3 obtained lot of x-rays

11. Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) Renamed the Chandra X-ray Observatory in honor of Nobelist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar launched in July 1999.

12. Constellation in Focus The shapes of the constellation depends on the view of the person looking at them from Earth. They can be viewed in the northern and southern hemisphere of the Earth.

13. Currently we have 14 men and women, 9 birds, 2 insects, 19 land animals, 10 water creatures, 2 centaurs, one head of hair, a serpent, a dragon, a flying horse, a river, and 29 inanimate objects

14. Constellations in the Sky Northern Hemisphere Constellations Southern Hemisphere Constellations 88 constellations 44 constellations 44 constellations

15. Northern Hemisphere Constellations Andromeda Aquila Aries Auriga Bootes Camelopardalis Cancer Canes Venatici Canis Major Canis Manor Cassiopeia Cepheus Coma Berenices Corona Borealis Cygnus Delphinus Draco Equuleus Gemini Hercules Lacerta Leo Leo Minor Lynx Lyra Orion Pegasus Perseus Pisces Sagitta Serpens caput Sextans Taurus Triangulum Ursa Major Ursa minor Virgo Vupecula Ophiuchus

16. Southern Hemisphere Constellations Antlia Apus Aquarius Ara Acelum Capricorns Carina Centaurus Cetus Chamaeleon Circinus Columba Corona Australia Corvus Crater Crux Dorado Eridanus Fornax Grus Horologium Hydra Indus Lepus Libra Lupus Mensa Microscopium Monoceros Norma Octans Opiuchua Pavo Phoenix Pictor Piscis Austrinis Puppis Pyxis Reticulum Sagittarius Scorpius Musca Sculptor Scutum Serpens cauda Sextans Telescopium Triangulum Austale Tucana Vela Virgo Volans

17. Some Famous Constellation Orion (The Hunter) Located on celestial equator and visible throughout the world Its family include Orion, Canis Major, Canis Minor, Monoceres , a nd Lepus.

18. Ursa Major The big bear, is one of the famous constellation Its family contains 10 constellations including Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Polaris, , Canes Venatici , Bootes , Coma,Berenice , Corona Borealis, Camelopardalis, Lynx, Draco, and Leo Manor

19. Cassiopeia Accd . To Ian Ridpath’s star tales, Cassiopeia was a vain and boastful wife of King Cepheus of Euthopia Appears to be one of the brightest stars in the Northern Hemisphere

20. Draco Myth claims that Drac o is always visible in the northern hemisphere but not in the southern hemisphere. Draco – “The Dragon” is derived from Latin term Draconem meaning “huge serpent”

21. Hercules

22. Hercules It is named after Roman H ercules, Greek Herakles who was the greatest Greek heroes and famous for his 12 labors. It belongs to one of the 48 constellations plotted by Ptolemy and survived to become one of the 88 constellation recognized by IAU.

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