Arrest, Trials and Deathsssssssssssssssss

science

1. College of Computer Studies Presentation

2. Emcee: Paul Argiel Rosete

3. Opening Prayer: Alia Fe Gueruela

4. Inspirational Message: Marc James Naz

5. Intermission number: N oel A dante

6. Recapitulation: Erl Erl

7. José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda College of Computer Studies’ Presentation

8. Arrest or Exile of Rizal

9. Rescue attempts by the K atipunan Katipunan - a secret revolutionary society founded by Andres Bonifacio Dr. Pio Valenzuela - secret emissary of K atipunan to D apitan

10. Last trip to Spain August 6 1896, Rizal was onboard the steamer ship Espana with his wife, 5 family members and 6 Dapitan students Rizal was transferred to another cruise ship while his companions were released. For 26 days (Aug. 6 to Sept . 2 1896) Rizal stayed on board the C astilla Aug. 29 - Katipunan plot in arms against Spain was discovered by Father M a riano Gil (Augustinian parish priest of Tondo) Katipuneros led by Emilio Jacinto tried to rescue Rizal however he refused their rescue offer. This series of events led to the first wave of the Philippine revolution known as “The Cry of Balintawak”

11. Last trip to Spain August 30 - he received a letter from Governor Blanco wishing him “happiness” and two additional letter of recommendation for the Ministry of of War (General MArcelo de Azcarraga, Philippine born Spaniards) and the Ministry of colonies. September 3, 1896 - He left S pain on board the steamer Isla de Panay. September 7 - Steamer reached Singapore, a British Colony September 30 – Rizal was placed under arrest by Captain Alemany and was treated as a prisoner on board

12. Unsuccessful Rescue in Singapore Don Pedro R oxas and other Filipino friends in Singapore tried to persuade him to escape from the clutches of Spain however he refused again. Mr. Fort - English Lawyer Was ordered by Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor and Sixto Lopez to work on Rizal’s release upon hearing about the arrest The crux of Mr. Fort’s legal contention was Rizal was “illegally detained” on the Spanish steamer.

13. In Barcelona When the Steamer arrived in Barcelona , Spain on October 3, 1896, R izal remained there for 3 days and was transferred to Montjuich Castle on O c tober 6, 1896.

14. Back to Manila November 3 - The steamer C olon arrived in Manila and Rizal was immediately transferred to Fort Santiago He was imprisoned there until his execution 57 days later

15. Tortured Deodato Arellano Domingo Franco Dr. Pio Valenzuela Timoteo Paez Moises Salvador PAciano Jose Dizon

16. Preliminary Investigation Headed by Judge Advocate Colonel Francisco Olive 2 kinds of evidence 15 documentary 15 testimonial

17. Recommendations The accused be brought to trial He should be kept in prison An order of attachment be issued against his properties to the amount of 1M pesos as indemnity He should be defended in court by an army officer, not by civilian lawyer

18. Trials of Rizal

19. Rizal chooses his defender Don Luis Taviel de Andrade - 1st L ieutenant of the artillery served is his defender in court - Brother of Jose (Rizal “bodyguard” in C alamba 1887)

20. Changes Read to Rizal December 11 - to the question asked Rizal replied: He did not question the jurisdiction of the court He had nothing to amend, except that since his deportation to Dapitan in 1892 he had not engaged in politics He did not admit the charges preferred against him He did not admit the declaration of the witnesses against him December 13 - the case against Rizal was referred to Governor Camilo C. D e Polavieja, who had just replaced Governor Blanco.

21. Rizal manifesto to his People December 15 - he wrote a manifesto to his people appealing to them to stop the unnecessary shedding of blood and to achieve their liberties by means to education and industry. It was written in his prison cell at Fort Santiago Judge Advocate Nicolas de la Pena recommended to Governor Polavieja that the manifesto be suppressed. Accordingly its publication was prohibited.

22. Rizal’s Saddest Christmas December 26, 1896 - He who was accustomed to spend this merry season in the company of his beloved family of dear friends found himself alone and depressed in a dreary cell

23. Rizal was accused of three crimes Rebellion Sedition Illegal association - In his preliminary defense, he further proved his innocence by twelve points.

24. December 26, 1896(8:00am) - The court martial of Rizal started in the military building called cuartel de Espana. The military court, in spite of Rizal’s additional defenses, remained indifferent. Lt. Co. Arjona closed the trial and ordered the cleaning of the court hall. After a short delibiration, the seven members of the military court voted unanimously for the death of Rizal on the same day

25. 7 members of military courts Lt. Col. Jose Togones Arjona (Pres) Capt. Ricardo Munos Arias Capt. Manuel Reguera Capt. Santiago Izquierdo Capt. Braulio Rodriguez Nunez Capt. Manuel Diaz Escribano Capt. Fernando P e rez Rodriguez

26. Polevieja Signs Rizal’s Execution December 28 - Governor Polavieja approved the decision of the court martial and ordered the execution of Rizal on December 30th at Bagumbayan Field(Luneta)

27. The Execution of Dr. Jose Rizal

28. Rizal’s Last Hour 6:00-7:00am Capt. Raphael Dominguez reads before Rizal his death sentence 7:00-8:00am Rizal is tranferred to his death cell if Fort Santiago Fr. Saderra talks briefly with Rizal. Fr. Visa Presents statue of the Sacred heart of Jesus and Medal rejects the letter, saying, “Im little of a marian, Father” Rizal persisted in his errors contrary to the Catholic Faith. However, at the last hour, Rizal abjured, in writing, his religious errors”. In ither words, Rizal, a Mason, was said to have recanted his statements against the Chirch and o have returned to the Catholic faith. (The controversy over Rizal’s retraction has not been settled)

29. 8:00-9:00am Rizal is shared his milk and coffee with Fr. Rosell Lt. Andrade and chief of Artillery come to visit Rizal who thanks each of them. Rizal scribbles a note inviting his family it visit him. 9:00-10:00am Sr. Mataix, defying stringent regulation, enters death cell and interviews Rizal in the precense of Fr, Rosell. Kater, Gov. Luengo drops in to join the conversation. 10:00-11:00am Fr. Faura persuades Rizal to put down his rancours and order to marry josephine canonically. A heated discussion on religion occurs between them on the hearing of Fr. Rosell

30. 11:00-12:00noon Rizal talks on ‘various topics” in a long conversation with Fr. Vilaclara who will later conclude (with Fr. Balaguer, who is not allowed to enter the death cell) that Rizal is allowed to enter the death cell) that Rizal is either to Protestant or Rationalist who speaks in “a very cold and calculated manner” with a mixture of an “strange piety”. No debate or discussion on religion is recorded to have taken p;ace between the Fathers mentioned and Rizal. 12:00-1:00pm Rizal reads Bible and imitation of Christ Kempis, then meditated. Fr. Balaguer reports to the Archbishop that only a little hope was heard saying that he is going to appear tranquility before God. 2:00-3:00pm Rizal confers with Fr. March and Fr. Vilaclara

31. 3:00-4:00pm Rizal reads verses which he had underlined in Eggers german Reader, a book which he is going to hand over to his sisters to be sent to Dr. Blumentritt through F. Stahl. He “writes several letters … , with his last dedicatitions”, then he “rest for a short”. 4:00-5:30pm Capt. Domingues is moved with compassion at the sight of Rizal’s kneeling before his mother and asking pardon. Fr. Rosell hears Rizal’s farewell to his sister and his address to those presents eulogizing the cleverness of his nephew. The other and to each Rizal’s gives promises to gives promises to give a book, an alcohol burner, his pair of shoes, an instruction, something to remember. 5:30-6:00pm The Dean of the Cathedral, admitted on account of his dignity, comes to exchange views with rizal. Fr. Rosell hears an order given to certain “gentlemen” and “two friars” to leave the chapel at once. Fr. Balaguer leaves Fort Santiago.

32. 6:00-7:00pm Fr. Rosell leaves Fort Santiago and sees Josephine Bracken. Rizal calls for Josephine and then they speak to each for the last time. 7:00-8:00pm Fr. Faura returns to console rizal and persuades him once more to trust him and the other professors at the ateneo. Rizal is emotion- filled and, after remaining some moments in silence, confesses to Fr. Faura 10:00-11:00pm Rizal manifests strange reaction, asks guards for paper and pen. From rough drafts and copies of his poem recovered in his shoes, the Spaniards come to know is writing a poem. 11:00-1200MN Rizal takes time to his hide his poem inside the alcohol burner. It has to be done during night rather than during daytime because he is watched very carefully. He then writes his last letter t o brother paciano.

33. 12:00-4:00am Rizal sleeps restfully because his confidence in the goodness of God and the justness of his cause gives him astounding serenity and unusual calmness. Dec. 30, 1986. 4:00-5:00am Rizal picks up imitation of Christ, reads, meditates and then writes in Kempis’ book a dictation to his wife Josephine and by i this very act in itself he gives to her their only certificate if marriage. 5:00-6:15am Writes a letter to his parents. Reads Bible and meditates. Josephine is prohibited by the S panish officers from seeing Rizal.

34. 6:15-7:00am Rizal walks to the place of execution between Fr’ March and Fr. Vilaclara with whom he converses. Kepps looking around as if seeking or expecting to see someone. The spanish Army Surgeon General requested to take his puls: it was normal Dr. Felipe Ruiz Castillo, who took Rizal’s vital signs and pulse rate before execution, was to find the national hero was calm and unafraid. Squad of Filipino soldiers of the Spanish Army were the executioners but a backup force of regular spanish army troops stood ready to shoot the executioners should they to obey orders Holding a rosary in his right hand, rizal was tied at the elbows as his group walked behind four advance guards armed with bayonets. 7:00-7:03am Sounds of guns. Rizal vacillates, turns halfways around, falls down backwards and lies on the ground facing the sun. His last word, said in a loud voice: “It is finished”. Silence. Shouts of vivas for Spain.

35. The Burial He was secretly buried in Paco Cemetery in M a nila with no identification on his grave. His sister N arcisa toured all possible gravesites and found freshly turned earth at the cemetery with guards posted at the gate, Assuming this could be the most likely spot, there never having any ground burials, she made a gift to the caretaker to mark the site “RPJ”, Rizal’s initials in reverse. Exhumation if his remains in August 1898, under American rule, revealed he had been uncoffined, his burial not on sanctified ground granted the ‘confessed’ faithfull, and whatever was in his shoes had disintegrated. And now buried in Rizal Monument in Manila