ASDFGHJKL ppt sejarah kebudayaan islam kelas 11.pptx

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1. By: Noor Nailla Camalia X IBB (25) PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DAULAH ABBASIYAH

2. PERKEMBANGAN DAULAH ABBASIYAH THE FIRST Sejarah Kelahiran Daulah Abbasiyah Sistem Pemerintahan Daulah Abbasiyah THE SECOND Periodesasi Kepemimpinan THE THIRD Per luas an Wilayah Daulah Abbasiyah THE FOURTH THE FIFTH Peradaban Kemajuan dan Indikator Kemajuan Daulah Abbasiyah THE LAST Sejarah kemunduran Daulah Abbasiyah

3. Daulah Abbasiyah didirikan pada tahun 132H/750M dan berkuasa selama hamoir6 abad(132-656H/750-1251M) dengan pendiri bernama AbdulAbbas Ash-Shaffah. D inamakan Daulah Abbasiyah karena para pendirinyaadalah keturunan Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib, Paman Nabi Muhammad SAW. Sejarah Lahirnya Daulah Abbasiyah

4. Terjadinya Persaingan dlm Memperebutkan Kursi kekhalifahan Adanya Konflik Politik di Masa Pemerintahan Sebelumnya Timbulnya Kekecewaan Kelompok Agama Terhadap Daulah Uamayyah FAKTOR BERDIRINYA DAULAH ABBASIYAH 01 02 03

5. KHALIFAH TERKENAL DAULAH ABBASIYAH Sebagai khalifah D. Abbasiyah pertama beliau b erkuasa selama 22 tahun (136-158H/754-775M). B eliau juga memindahkan pusat pemerintahan yang awalnya ada di kota Anbar menjadi kota Baghdad Diangkat sebagai khalifah saat berusia 23 tahun beliau berkuasa selama 23 tahun (786-809M/145-193H). Salah satu kebijakan beliau adalah menerjemahkan berbagai buku berbahasa asing ke dlm Bahasa Arab dg membangun Baitul Munadzarah . B erkuasa selama 10 tahun (775-789M), beliau adalah khalifah pertama yg memerintahkan ulama untuk menulis buku menentang orang2 zindiq dan mulhid (ingkar). B eliau juga dijuluki sbg Panglima Penakluk Romawi karena berhasil melakukan perjanjian damai dg Kaisar Agustine Ja’far Al-Mansur Muhammad Al-Mahdi Harun Ar-Rosyid

6. PERIODE PERTAMA (132-232H/750-847M) periode ini disebut dengan Pengaruh Persia Pertama (the Golden Age of Islam) PERIODE KEDUA (232-374H/847-945M) disebut Pengaruh Turki Pertama . PERIODE KETIGA (374-447H/945-1055M) disebut P engaruh Persia Kedua karena berada dibawah pengaruh D. Buwaihiyah . PERIODE KEEMPAT (447-590H/1055-1075M) disebut Pengaruh Turki Kedua karena dibawah kendali Bani Saljuk . PERIODE KELIMA (623-656H/1225-1258M) pada masa ini pemerintahan Abbasiyah sdh terbebas dr pengaruh dinasti lain, tetapi kekuasaannya hanya efektif di kota Baghdad saja . PERIODESASI KEPEMIMPINAN

7. PERLUASAN WILAYAH DAULAH ABBASIYAH luas wilayah bani abasiyah membentang sepanjang 6.500 km dari sungai indus di india di sebelah timur sampai ke perbatasan barat tunisia , afrika utara di sebelah barat dari aden sebelah selatan sampai pegunungan armenia serta kaukasia di utara .

8. SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN DAULAH ABBASIYAH Pemerintahan Daulah Abbasiyah dipimpin oleh seorang Khalifah sebagai pemimpin tertinggi . Untuk membantu Khalifah dalam menjalankan tata negara dibentuk Diwanul Kitaabah ( Sekretariat Negara)yang dipimpin oleh seorang Raisul Kuttab ( sekretaris negara ) dan para wazir dibantu oleh beberapa Raisul Diwan ( Menteri departemen ).

9. 1) Meningkatnyakemakmuran umat Islam. 2) Luasnya wilayah kekuasaan Islam menyebabkan banyak orang Romawi dan Persia yang masuk Islam dan menjadi muslim yang taat . 3) Terjadinya asimilasi antara bangsa Arab dengan bangsa-bangsa lain yang lebih dahulu mengalami perkembangan dalam ilmu pengetahuan . 4) Adanya Gerakan penerjemahan buku filsafat dan ilmu dari peradaban Yunani dalam Bait al- Hikmah sehingga menjelma sebagai pusat kegiatan intelektual . Faktor Politik FAKTOR KEMAJUAN PERADABAN DAULAH ABBASIYAH Faktor Sosiologi 1. Pindahnya ibu kta negara Al- Hasyimiyah (Kota Anhar ) ke Baghdad yang dilakukan oleh khalifah Al Mansur. 2. Banyaknya cendekiawan yang diangkat menjadi pegawai pemerintah dan istana .

10. Perkembangan Ilmu Keagamaan Terdapat beberapa cabang ilmu keagamaan seperti tafsir , hadist , dan fiqih . Perkembangan Peradaban dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Baghdad dirikan oleh khalifah Abu Ja’far al-Mansur (754-775 M) teretak di tepi sungai Tigris. Bidang Politik Dan Militer Pemerintahan Daulah Abbasiyah membentuk departemen pertahanan dan keaamanan , yang disebut Diwanul Jundi ( bertugas mengatur semua yang berkaitan dengan kemiliteran dan pertahanan keamanan . Bidang Pembangunan dan Tempat Peribadatan Terjadi proses akulturasi dan asimilasi masyarakat . Terdapat seni arsitektur di tempat-tempat pembangunan istana dan kota-kota Kemajuan juga terjadi pada bidang sastra bahasa dan seni musik . INDIKATOR KEMAJUAN DAULAH ABBASIYAH

11. Faktor Internal gaya hidup mewah di kalangan (1 penguasa persaingan antar bangsa (2 kemrosotan ekonomi (3 konflik keagamaan (4 FAKTOR KEMUNDURAN DAULAH ABBASIYAH Faktor Eksternal perang salib yang berlangsung beberapa (1 gelombang , menelan banyak korban serangan tentara mongol ke wilayah kekuasaan (2 islam

12. Sejarah yang benar adalah yang tertulis dan tidak tertulis, yang terlihat dan tidak dilihat, juga yang bersuara dan tidak disuarakan TERIMA KASIH

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15. WHAT IS THIS TOPIC ABOUT? MARS Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot, even hotter than Mercury Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast VENUS

16. DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS NEPTUNE MARS Mercury is the smallest planet in our Solar System SATURN Saturn is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place MERCURY Neptune is the fourth-largest planet in our Solar System 01 02 03 04

17. FEATURES OF THE TOPIC It’ s the biggest planet in our Solar System VENUS Venus is the second planet from the Sun MARS Despite being red, Mars is a cold place JUPITER MERCURY It’ s the closest planet to the Sun 01 02 03 04

18. 1346 The fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman The plague arrives in England 1453 1564 William Shakespeare is born

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21. Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot, even hotter than Mercury PROBLEM Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast SOLUTION

22. THIS IS A TABLE 1350 1400 1450 1500 1550 VENUS 123 444 321 235 452 MARS 457 864 1000 567 678 JUPITER 34 76 125 97 76

23. TERIMA KASIH

24. HISTORICAL DATA Venus has a beautiful name, but it’s terribly hot Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place MARS It’s the biggest planet in our Solar System JUPITER If you want to modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change the data and replace it here A B C VENUS B C A

25. PROCESS Venus is the second planet from the Sun VENUS Despite being red, it’s actually a cold place MARS It’s composed of hydrogen and helium SATURN Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun MERCURY 1390 1450 1530 1610

26. OVERVIEW DIAGRAM Venus has a beautiful name, but it’s terribly hot VENUS Despite being red, it’s actually a cold place MARS It’s the biggest planet in our Solar System JUPITER It’s composed of hydrogen and helium SATURN

27. EXERCISE _____ Despite being red, Mars is a cold place _____ Venus has a beautiful name, but it’s too hot _____ Mercury is the smallest of them all Fill in the blanks with the name of each part

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