Asexual-Propagation-GRAFTING.pptx

Asexual propagation
Types of asexual propagation
Advantages of asexual propagation
Methods of Grafting
Characteristics of good scion and good rootstock
Procedure or steps in cleft grafting
tool and materials in grafting
Consideration in preparing the scion
How to select a scion
the importance of auxin and cambium

1. Asexual Propagation (GRAFTING) Presented by: EUNICE Z. ESTABILLO

2. COMPARE THESE PICTURES OF PLANTS GRAFTED PLANTS PROPAGATED BY SEED

3. The Cambium The cambium is a protective barrier. Cambium – a cylindrical layer of cells in plant roots and stem that produces the new tissue responsible for increased girth, particularly sap conducting tissues, xylem and phloem and bark.  

4. Phloem and Xylem The   cambium  is a very thin layer of tissue, sometimes only one cell thick.  It is the living layer that produces  phloem towards the outside (eventually becoming bark) and  xylem  on the inside (becoming sapwood). The phloem, on the bark side, transports the food manufactured by the tree's leaves down to the roots. The xylem carries water and other nutrients up to the leaves.

5. The Auxin Auxin - (the growth hormone in plant) affects the growth of these plant parts by stimulating certain cells to elongate or lengthen and by inhibiting the growth of other cells.

6. What is Grafting Grafting is an asexual propagation whereby two plant parts are joined in such a manner that they will unite and continue their growth as one plant. The upper part of the combination is called scion and the lower part is the rootstock .

7. Two Parts of Graftage /Combination The lower part is the rootstock The upper part of the combination is called scion

8. How do we select an active scion ? Characteristics of an active scion: well-developed dormant leaf bud compatible to the rootstock - diameter - color

9. Preparation of a good scion Scion must be taken from a mother plant with prolific fruiting ability and disease – free. For long-distance transport, it is recommended that the scion is wrapped with wet newspaper to prevent from drying. The shorter the time period between getting the scion and grafting operation, the greater is the percentage success that can be attained.

10. What are the tools and materials needed in grafting ? Tools > Grafting knife > Pruning shear Materials > Grafting tape > Old newspaper Ice wrapper PPE > gloves

11. Advantages of Grafting Used in propagating some seedless varieties and hybrid plants. Used rootstocks resistant to viral diseases and drought. In the case of ornamental plants, having different varieties in one plant looks attractive

12. Methods of Grafting Approach Grafting In this method, selected shoots of the desirable plant are grafted with the stem of the stocks grown in individual containers .

13. Splice Grafting In this method, the detached scion used is leafless, usually with a terminal leaf bud or well-developed dormant leaf buds.

14. Top working This method of grafting is usually used to change the top of established inferior plants into more desirable ones. Established plants or trees are used as stocks.

15. Cleft Grafting Cleft grafting is considered the oldest and widely used method of grafting. In this method, a detached scion is directly grafted on top of the stock. The scion and the stock should be of equal diameter.  

16. What are the steps in performing cleft grafting ? Select an active scion measuring 6”. Cut the basal end of the scion into a long (1”) and gradually tapering perfect wedge. Cut gradually the above part of the scion where union is to occur. Make a vertical split at the center of the stock deep enough to hold the wedge. Fit together cut surfaces of the two stems with their cambium in contact. Tightly bind the joined parts with a grafting tape to cover the exposed cut surfaces. Cover the graftage with an ice candy plastic to prevent entry of water in cut surfaces.