Assam Ancient and Medieval History

Assam History from Ancient to Medieval.
Linn for the YouTube video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fn6HrMmyO2M

1. Ancient to Medieval[Assam]

2. ASSAM

3. UNDIVIDED ASSAM The blue suggests Brahmaputra river flowing from Tibet and merging in Bay of Bengal Tibet Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

4. Etymology Referred to as Pragjyotishpur in Mahabharata Kamarupa in Medieval times ( uptil 12 th century) Assam name drawn from Ahom people Established Assam province in 1912 (British India) Legislature since 1937 Statehood in 26 January, 1950 Area 78,438 Km 2 Shares intl. border with Bhutan & Bangladesh Capital is Dispur

5. Ruler History- Pre history Legends Mahiranga Danava - Bodo Kachari dynasty Naraka or Narakasura [Son of Bhudevi and Varaha (Vishnu)- Naraka dynasty ( Bodo-Kachari lineage) Naraksura aka Bhauma dynasty Bhagadatta - (son of Naraka ) last king [fought for Kauravas in Kurukshetra ] (source: Kalika Purana )

6. Ancient Era- Kamarupa dynasty-I/III Varman dynasty (350-650 AD) Established by Pushyavarman [contemporary of Samudragupta ] Capital- Pragjyotishpur [ Guwahati ] Religion-Hinduism [alliance with Gupta Empire] Official language- Sanskrit/ kamrupi Prakrit . Bhaskaravarman last King [accompanied king Harshavardhana from Pataliputra to Kannauj

7. Kamarupa dynasty-II/III Mlechchha dynasty (650 -900 AD) Established by- Salasthambha [non-Aryan local Chieftians ] ( Bodo-Kachari lineage) Capital- Haruppeswara [ Tezpur ] Last ruler- Tyagasimha Religion-Polytheism Official language- NA

8. Kamarupa dynasty- III/III Kamarupa -Pala dynasty (900-1100 AD) Established by- Brahma Pala Capital- Durjaya [North Guwahati ] Last Ruler- Jaya Pala Religion- Hinduism [ Palas of Bengal were Buddhists] Official Language- NA

9. Medieval Era The Chutiya ( Bodo-Kachari lineage)(1187-1673 AD) Established by- Birpal Capital- 3 Swarnagiri [Near Arunachal p]/ Ratnapur [ Majuli ]/ Sadiya Last ruler- Nityapal Religion- Kechaikhaiti , Hinduism Languages- Deori /Assamese

10. The Dimasa ( Hidimba Kingdom) (13 th century-1832 AD) Aka ‘Son of the Big River’ First ruler- Bicharpatipha ( Bodo-Kachari lineage) Capital- Dimapur / Maibong [ Dimahasao ]/ Khaspur [ Kachar dist] Last ruler- Govindachandra Narayan Religion- NA Language- Dimasa

11. Ahoms or Tai- Ahom (1228-1826 AD) First to introduce record keeping of state affairs among the Kingdoms in Assam (Chronicles) Established by- Sukaphaa Capital- Charaideo / Garhgaon / Rangpur / Jorha Last ruler- Purandar Singha Religion- Me Dam Me Phi/Buddhism/ Eksarana Dharma/Hinduism Language- Ahom /Assamese

12. Larger Koch dynasty (1510-1949 AD) Established by- Viswa Singha Capital- Chikana Kamatapur Last ruler- Nara Narayan (1540-1587) [undivided Koch dynasty] Later succeeded by many generations. Languages- Rajbanshi /Assamese/Sanskrit/Koch Religion- Hinduism Area- Western Kamarupa

13. Mughal Invasions Mughals made 17 th unsuccessful attempts to capture. Mir Jumla , governor of Auranzeb , briefly captured Garhgaon from 1662-63 AD. Then Ahom king was Sutamla or Jayadhwaj Singha [20 th Ahom King] Sutamla fled to Namrup before Mir Jumla and is called Bhagania Roja [Fleeing King] Famous battle with Mughals - Saraighat (1671) Famous General- Lachit Barphukan

14. Colonia History Following the end of 1 st Anglo-Burmese war (1826) saw the British entering Assam. The Treaty of Yandabo was signed. Discovery of Tea [camellia sinensis ] in 1834 Initially it was made a part of Bengal Province. It was separated from Bengal in 1874 and constituted into NEFA along with Eastern Bengal, following partition of Bengal in 1906. Then in 1912 Assam Province was created following the Assam Legislature in 1913. Capital - Shillong

15. At the turn of 20 th century-8 provinces of British India (Assam being one among them) These provinces were governed by either Lieutenant Governors or Chief Commissioners 15 Area ( '000 2  miles) Population (in millions) Chief Administrative Officer Burma 170 9 Lieutenant-Governor Bengal 151 75 Lieutenant-Governor Madras 142 38 Governor-in-Council Bombay 123 19 Governor-in-Council United Provinces 107 48 Lieutenant-Governor Central Provinces and Berar 104 13 Chief Commissioner Punjab 97 20 Lieutenant-Governor Assam 49 6 Chief Commissioner