Assessment of higher motor functions

1. ASSESSMENT OF HIGHER MOTOR FUNCTIONS

2. What are the higher motor functions.? SENSORIUM PERCEPTION SPEECH DIFFICULTIES

3. Why there is a need of assessing.?

4. SENSORIUM The sensorium is that place where you are aware that you are aware. FUNCTION Registers current internal and external contingencies Relates current internal and external stimuli to our memories and to our future hopes and desires

5. Invests the streams of afferent stimuli with emotion,determines their significance and assigns priority whether to attend or neglect Proposes various actions and their consequences Directs the motor system in the actual behaviors that achieve personal survival and satisfaction It allows us to experience life as a conscious process with a past present and future to respond appropriately

6. Parts of sensorium Consciousness Attention span Orientation Memory Fund of information Insight,judgement and planning

7. PERCEPTION PERCEPTUAL DISTORTIONS:- Illusions Hallucinations Delusions Agnosia Apraxia

8. AGNOSIA It is the inability to understand the meaning, import, or symbolic sihgnificance of ordinary sensory stimuli even though the sensory pathways and sensorium are relatively intact

9. Types of Agnosia Agraphognosia ( agraphesthesia ) Prosopagnosia Body scheme/body image disorders Topagnosia Autotopagnosia Right left disorientation Left side hemispatial inattention Anosognosia Inattention to double simultaneous cutaneous stimuli Finger ground discrimination Form discrimination Spatial relations Topographic disorientation Depth and distance perception Vertical disorientation

10. APRAXIA It means the inability to perform a voluntary act even though the motor system sensory system and mental status are relatively intact

11. Types of Apraxia Face tongue apraxia Arm ( ideomotor ) apraxia Ideational apraxia Constructional apraxia Dressing apraxia Gait apraxia Global apraxia in children

12. SPEECH DISORDERS APHASIA:- it means the ability to understand or express words as symbols for communication,even though the primary sensorimotor pathways to receive and express language and the mental status are relatively intact

13. Types of Aphasia Brocca ’ aphasia Wernicke’s aphasia Global aphasia Conduction aphasia Transcortical motor aphasia Transcortical sensory aphasia

14. Other speech difficulties Aphonia Dysarthria Dysphasia dysprosody

15. E xamination History Analysis of dysphasia Preliminary information Spontaneous speech Comprehension Naming objects Repitition Reading Writing Calculation

16. Level of consciousness Drowsiness Stupor Coma Confusion or disorientation Delirium Catatonia

17. ..\..\VAIO\Desktop\aone.pdf ..\..\VAIO\Desktop\gcs.docx ..\..\VAIO\Desktop\neurological_examination.pdf ..\..\VAIO\Desktop\ Rivermead Perceptual Assessment Battery.docx ..\..\VAIO\Desktop\The AVPU scale has only four possible outcomes for recording.docx ..\..\VAIO\Desktop\THE MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION.pdf

18. Test for finger agnosia Sauguet’s test Finger ground discrimination The ayres figure ground test Spatial relations test Rivermead perceptual assessment battery Arnadottir OT-ADL NEUROBEHAVIORAL EVALUATION For combined apraxia agnosia and aphasia test Halstead reitan battery for cerebral dysfunction

19. References William deyer , Technique of the neurologic examination,5 th edition John spillane , Bickerstaff’s neurological examination clinical practice, 6 th edition Susan B O’ Sullivan, Thomas J Schmitz, Physical rehabilitation, 5 th edition

20. THANK YOU