DAFTAR PUSTAKA Beauchamp, Evers, Mattox, Sabiston , Textbook of Surgery, 16 th edition, W.B.Saunders , Philadelphia, 2001, hal 887-888. Norton J.A, Barie P.S, Bollinger R, Chang A.E, Lowry S.F, Mulvihill S. J, Thompson R.W. Surgery Basic Science and Clinical Evidence 2Ed.USA: Springer.2008.p.968-972. Snell, Richard S. 2004. Clinical Anatomy for Medical student, fifth edition, New York. Schteingart , DE. (2006). In S.A. Price, & L.M. Wilson. Patofisiologi : Konsep klinis proses-proses penyakit edisi 6 volume 1. Jakarta : EGC Sjamjuhidayat & Wim de Jong . 2005. Buku Ajar Ilmu Bedah . Edisi 2. Jakarta : EGC.p . 623-631. Ullah S, Khan M, Mumtaz N, Naseer A, 2009. Intestinal Obstruction : A Spectrum of couses . JPMI 2009 volume 23 No 2 page 188-92. Whang , E,E., Ashley, S.W.,& Zinner , M. J. 2005. Small Intestine. In B. e. al ( ed ), Schwatz’s Principle Of Sugery (8 ed.,p.1018). McGraw-Hill Companies. Thompson, J.S. 2005. Intestinal Obstruction, Ileus , and Pseudoobstuction . In R. H. Bell, L,. F. Rikkers , & M.V. Mulholland ( Eds ). Dingestive Tract Sugery (Vol. 2,p. 1119). Philadelphia: Lippincoott -Raven Publisher.