Atheroma

My group presentation for Anatomy and Physiology.

1. ATHEROMA

2. Atheroma Definition : Atheroma is the accumulation of intracellular and extracellular lipid in the intima of large and medium sized arteries.

3. How it happen? Fatty streaks develop in arteries at sites of stress where monocytes migrate into the stressed intima wall and absorb lipids from the blood plasma. Then the monocytes become ‘foam cells’ as they absorb lipid and die off, forming a lipid pool in the intimal space.

4. How it happen?

5. Signs and symptoms No flaming, atheroma occurs only in a nodule or under the skin. The overlying skin has a normal appearance. If the atheroma becomes inflamed, the following symtoms : The nodule becomes red and painful. The area around the nodule is pressure sensitive. Eventually, sebum, pus or blood flow of the nodule.

6. Arteriosclerosis Definition : The thickening of the walls of arteries and arterioles usually as a result of hypertension or diabetes mellitus.

7. How it happen? Arteries are the blood vessels in the human body which perform the vital function of carrying oxygen and nutrients from heart to rest of the body. Ideally, the arteries should be flexible, strong and elastic, however, too much pressure inside them can make the artery walls thick and stiff. Thickness of the walls can restrict the blood flow to organs and tissues. If vital organs like the brain or heart are affected, it can lead to stroke or heart attack and if other organs like limbs or kidneys are affected, it can lead to pain, numbness or muscle cramps.

8. Signs and symptoms Chronic Pain in legs : The color of the legs may also turn dark and most of the time, they remain cold. Loss of Hair on legs and feet : If hair is usually present on the legs and hands of a patient, a significant loss is seen when he suffers from arteriosclerosis. Muscle pain : The patient might feel pain in the thighs, calves or feet, and find it difficult to sit or sleep comfortably. Numbness of the legs or feet at rest : The patient may often find his feet or legs becoming numb in case he sits in one position for a long time.

9. Ways to preventing : stop smoking  (if you smoke) eat a healthy diet take regular exercise lose weight (if you are overweight or obese) moderate your consumption of alcohol

10. Thank you! (✿◠‿◠) Good luck for Friday’s Test.