Attention in Psychology Presentation By Miss Madhavi sen

Attention in psychology

1. Attention in Psychology Miss Madhavi Sen BSc Nursing

2. What is Attention? Attention is a cognitive process of focusing on certain information while ignoring distractions. It helps in processing sensory input and prioritizing tasks. Without attention, it would be difficult to process information efficiently.

3. Types of Attention 1. Selective Attention: Focusing on a specific stimulus while ignoring others. 2. Sustained Attention: Maintaining focus over a long period of time. 3. Divided Attention: Handling multiple tasks at the same time. 4. Alternating Attention: Shifting focus between tasks.

4. Theories of Attention 1. Filter Theory (Broadbent): Suggests that information passes through a filter and only the important ones are processed. 2. Spotlight Model: Compares attention to a spotlight that focuses on specific objects in space. 3. Capacity Theory: Proposes that attention is limited in capacity and varies by task demands.

5. Factors Affecting Attention 1. Motivation: Higher motivation leads to better attention. 2. Task Complexity: Simple tasks require less attention; complex tasks demand more. 3. Fatigue: Reduces attention and concentration abilities. 4. Interest: Higher interest improves the ability to focus.

6. Attention and Perception Attention is closely linked to perception. It influences how we perceive the world around us by selecting important stimuli for further processing. The brain prioritizes certain perceptual inputs based on attention.

7. Attention and Learning Attention is essential for learning as it allows individuals to absorb information efficiently. Distraction can disrupt the learning process, while focused attention enhances memory retention and understanding.

8. Attention Deficits 1. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. 2. Neglect Syndrome: A condition where patients fail to be aware of objects or even their own body on one side. 3. Cognitive Fatigue: Causes a decline in attention over time, especially in repetitive tasks.

9. Techniques to Improve Attention 1. Mindfulness: Helps in enhancing focus by staying present in the moment. 2. Breaks: Regular short breaks can prevent cognitive fatigue. 3. Task Management: Prioritizing tasks improves sustained attention. 4. Physical Activity: Exercise boosts attention and cognitive functions.

10. Conclusion Attention is a fundamental cognitive function that influences perception, learning, and overall productivity. Understanding different types of attention, factors affecting it, and strategies to improve attention can greatly enhance our day-to-day functioning and cognitive performance.