AU-MITOSIS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE-ANAND(5).pptx

MITOSIS AND SIGNIFICANCE IN REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY FOR EMBRYOLOGY STUDENTS

1. MITOSIS AND ITS SIGINIFICANCE PPT PRESENTATION By: ANAND RAJ.PASALA M.S IN Clinical Embryology.

2. MITOSIS

3. INTRODUCTION mitosis is the cell division that occours in somatic cells it is simply when one cell divides and forms two cells . remember the new cells that are formed are called that are the daughter cells the daughter cells are identical to each other and the mother cell is every way the chromosomal number says the same during mitosis

4. MITOSIS As mentioned earlier the mitosis is the process by which one cell divides to from two identical daughter cells . these identical daughter cells have the same number and type of chromosomes. cells that have same number and kind of chromosomes are said to be genitically alike. Remember that all the cells in the human body are genetically alike except for the sex cells.

5. MITOSIS Mitosis is a type of cell division The actual part of the mitosis is made up of two parts , these two are the division of the 1.Nucleus 2.Cytoplasam The nucleus divides first and the cytoplasam divides next. there are five phases of mitosis

6. Phases Of Mitosis 1.Inter phase 2.Pro phase 3.Meta Phase 4.Anaphase 5.Telo phase

7. INTERPHASE This is thge preparation phase of nuclear division The DNA undergoes Replecation so that the Genetic material in the chromatin material is doubled.

8. 1.PROPHASE The chromatin network unwindes to form the single chromosomes . The Nuclear Membrane and Nucleolus starts to disappeare The centrioles Moves to the opposite poles

9. 2.META PHASE During this phase the chromosomes are found at the Equator of the cell . They occour in single row . They are attached to the spindle fibers

10. ANA PHASE The spindle fibers shorten and the chromatides are pulled apart. The chromatides are pulled towards theopposite end of the cell Towards the poles . Each chromatid is a single standard chromosome. can you explain why this is the case?

11. SOLUTION Each chromatid is considered to be a single chromosome and the DNA underwent replication before the start of the division

12. TELOPHASE There are now two groups of chromosomes at the each poll of the cell . The Nuclear Membrane and the Nucleolus reappeare. Now the cell has two Nuclei with the same number and the kind of chromosome, as the mother cell.

13. Cytokinesis In - Plant Cell A cell plate forms between the two nuclei. The cell plates divides the cell into Two new identicall cells.

14. CYTOKINESIS Cytokinesis in Animal cell cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasam. It occours once two nuclei areformed. In the animal cells the cell membrane constricts. The constriction eventually meet in the middle forming two new cells.

15. SIGNIFICANCE OF MITOSIS From the above discussion you now know that mitosis results in the formation of Identical cells. This is extremly importance in the growth of an organism.because in order to grow the organism,would need a large number of identical cells. Therefore it is mitosis that makes it possible for the unicellular zygote to grow into a multicellular organism, by providing a large number of identical cells.

16. SIGNIFICANCE OF MITOSIS Some unicellular organisms such as Amoeba,undergo a type of reproduction called binary fission. During the process one cell simply divides to form two new cells that are identicall each other and the original cell. From the Above statement is clear that Binary Fission is actually “MITOSIS” In spore producing organisms such as Fungi, Moss & Fern, Asexual reproduction occours by Mitosis .

17. SIGNIFICANCE OF MITOSIS When the cells are Naturally where off they need to be replaced . Mitosis produces the identical cells that are needed to replace these lost cells. When tissues are accidentally Damaged they need to be repaired. once again mitosis provides the identical cells that makes the repair possible.