auditory-display-220922164609-0b77e374.pdf

auditory

1. AUDITORY DISPLAY
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WHAT IS AUDITORY DISPLAY?
●Auditory display is the use of speech or non-
speech sound to present information.
●It is where information is presented to you via
your ears.
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HOW WE HEAR SOUND?
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HOW WE HEAR SOUND?
●S T E P1:Soundtransfersintotheearcanalandcausestheeardrum
tomove.
●S T E P2:Theeardrumwillvibratewithvibrateswiththedifferent
sounds.
●S T E P3:Thesesoundvibrationsmaketheirwaythroughthe
ossiclestothecochlea.
●S T E P4:Soundvibrationsmakethefluidinthecochleatravellike
oceanwaves
●S T E P5:Movementoffluidinturnmakesthehaircells.The
auditorynervepicksupanyneuralsignalscreatedbythehaircells.Hair
cellsatoneendofthecochleatransferlowpitchsoundinformationandhair
cellsattheoppositeendtransferhighpitchsoundinformation.
●S T E P6:Theauditorynervemovessignalstothebrainwherethey
arethentranslatedintorecognizableandmeaningfulsounds.Itisthebrain
that“hears”.
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TYPES OF AUDITORY DISPLAY
•AUDIFICATION-Adirecttranslation
ofadatawaveformtotheaudibledomainfor
purposesofmonitoringandcomprehension.
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6. Example:
Seismogram

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TYPES OF AUDITORY DISPLAY
•S O NIFICATION-Theuse
ofdatatocontrolasoundparameter
forthepurposeofmonitoringand
analysisofdata.
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8. Example: Morse Code

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TYPES OF SONIFICATION
•AuditoryIcons-arenaturalsoundswhose
naturalassociationsareusedtomapwith
thedata.
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10. Example:
OSX’sTrashcansound

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TYPES OF SONIFICATION
•Earcons-areabstract,musicaltonesused
instructuredcombinationstocreatesound
messages.
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12. Example:
Sound for
Different Weather
Conditions

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TYPES OF AUDITORY DISPLAY
•S P EAR C O N S-areacombination
ofspeechandearconsinthattheyconsistof
speedingupaspokenphrase(very
recognizable)untilitisnotrecognized
asspeech(morelikeanicon).
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SPEECH
+
EARCONS
=
SPEARCONS

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EXAMPLES OF AUDITORY DISPLAY
•Auditoryinformationdisplaysare
commonplaceinthespeechwegenerateand
hear,theradios/musicwelistento,the
T V 'swewatch,etc.
•Frequentlyusedforalerting,warnings,
andalarms-situationsinwhichtheinformation
occursrandomlyandrequiresimmediate
attention.
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15. FIRE ALARM
Information: There is a smoke or fire condition in your building or place.

16. RADIO ANNOUNCEMENT
Information: About something that has happened or that will happen.

17. TELEPHONE RING
Information: Someone is calling.

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WHERE DID “HELLO” CAME FROM?
•Helloisthecommongreetingweusewhenpicking
upthephone,butitwasn’talwaysthatway.
AlexanderGrahamBell,theinventorofthe
telephone,suggestedusing“ahoy”whenanswering
thephone.ItwasactuallyThomasEdisonwho
suggestedusing“hello”.
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The Word “Telephone” Was Used Before The Telephone Existed
•Theword“telephone”wasfirstusedin1828by
amannamedFrancoisSudretodescribehis
invention,whichwasamusicalsignalingdevice.
Lateron,thetermwasalsoappliedtothephoneas
weknowit.
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20. NOTIFICATION SOUNDS
Information: You have unread or snoozed notifications, you have a message or someone sent you a message.

21. AMBULANCE SIREN SOUND
Information: There is someone going to the hospital or to the house of a patient so give them space to go their.

22. WHISTLE SOUND
Information: Someone is attracting an attention or signalling.

23. CAR HORN/ BEEP SOUND
Information: Signals or warn others of a vehicle's approach or presence.
Signals the driver about any electrical malfunction in the car.

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GENERAL PRINCIPLES
•Compatibility-Makeuseofpre-existing
stimulus-responserelationshipswhichmaybe
natural,learned,orpopulationstereotypes.
(1)Orientingreflex-reflextoturntothesourceofasound
(stimulus)
(2)Learned-Examplesaresirenswhicharelearnedtobe
associated withanemergency
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES
•Approximation-Complexmessagesshould
bepresentedintwostagesignals:
(1)AttentionDemandingSignal-tocapture
attention.
(2)DesignationSignal-withprecisemessage
information.
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES
•Dissociability-Auditorysignalmustbe
discerniblefromothernoise,especially
multipleauditorysignals
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES
•Parsimony-Messagesshouldbeasshort
aspossible.
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES
•Invariance-Samesignalor
messageshoulddesignatethesame
informationinallsituationstoavoid
confusionlikethatbetween
"priority"and"emergency"
information.
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PRIORITY EMERGENCY

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WHEN TO USE THE AUDITORY VERSUS VISUAL FORM OF PRESENTATION
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WHEN TO USE THE AUDITORY VERSUS VISUAL FORM OF PRESENTATION
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Use auditory presentation if:
a.The message is simple.
b.The message is short.
c.The message will not be
referred to later.
d.The message deals with events
in time.
e.The message calls for
immediate action.
f.The visual system of the person
is overburdened.
g.The receiving location is too
bright or dark adaptation
integrity is necessary.
h.The person's job requires him
or her to move about
continually.
Use visual presentation if:
a.The message is complex.
b.The message is long.
c.The message will be referred to
later.
d.The message deals with
location in space.
e.The message does not call for
immediate action.
f.The auditory system of the
person is overburdened.
g.The receiving location is too
noisy.
h.The person's job allows him or
her to remain in one position.

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USING AUDITORY DISPLAY EFFECTIVELY
•Usefrequenciesbetween2 0 0-5Khz.Preferredrangeisbetween
500and3Khzthemostsensitiverangeforhearing.
•Usefrequenciesbelow1000Hzwhenthesignalhastotravelmorethan
1000feet.
•Usefrequenciesbelow500Hzwhenthesignalhastopassthrough
partitionsor"bendaround"obstacles.
•Usemodulatedsignal(1-8beeps/sec,warble1-3/sec)
•Usesignalswithfrequenciesdifferentfrombackgroundnoisetoavoid
masking.
•Forchoicesituations,usemoderateintensityeasilydiscriminablefrequencyor
amplitudesignals(butnottoomany).
•Wherepossibleuseseparateauditorywarningsystemwhichisdifferentfrom
otherauditorysignals.
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FREE ONLINE HEARING TEST
ReSoundisaproviderof
hearingaidsandaccessories,
representedinmorethan100
countries.Headquarteredin
Ballerup,Denmark,ReSound
ispartofGNStoreNord,
alongsideotherbrandssuch
asJabra,BeltoneandInterton.
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https://www.resound.com/en/online-hearing-test