Automated system for bacterial identification

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1. Automated system for bacterial identification DEEKSHANT KUMAR BSAMCH

2. Automated system for bacterial identification Automated instruments for the identification of microorganisms were introduced into clinical microbiology laboratories in the 1970s. Traditionally, the bacterial identification is carried out by performing a series of biochemical tests. But in Modern era, automated systems are available which help in bacterial identification.

3. Automated systems MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time Of Flight) VITEK-2 ( bioMérieux ) Phoenix (BD Diagnostics) MicroScanWalkAway system (Beckman Coulter)

4. MALDI-TOF CAN IDENTIFY BACTERIA,FUNGI AND MYCOBACTERIA WITH A TURNAROUND TIME OF FEW MINTUTES AND WITH ABSOLUTE ACCURACY . TWO SYSTEM COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE:- VITEK MS ( bioMérieux ) Biotyper system ( Brunker )

5. principle IT EXAMINES THE PATTERN OF RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS PRESENT IN THE MICROORGANISM.

6. SOURCE-JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS27(2019)

7. SOURCE-JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS27(2019)

8. VITEK 2 MOST WIDELY USED AUTOMATED SYSTEM IN INDIA. USED FOR IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING(AST) OF BACTERIA AND YEAST. IT USES COLORIMETRIC REAGENT CARD CONTAINING 64 WELLS;EACH WELL CONTAINS AN INDIVIDUAL TEST SUBSTRATE. SUBSTRATE CARD IS AVAILABLE FOR GRAM NEGATIVE BATERIA, GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA, FASTIDIOUS BACTERIA AND YEAST.

9. IDENTIFICATION SUBSTRATES IN THE WELL MEASURES VARIOUS METABOLIC ACTIVITIES SUCH AS ACIDIFICATION,ALKYLATION, ENZYME HYDROLYSIS, etc. WHICH HELP IN IDENTIFICATION OF THE ENZYME. THE REACTION PATTERN OBTAINED FROM THE TEST ORGANISM IS COMPARED WITH THE DATABASE AND IDENTIFICATION IS REPORTED WITH THE CONFIDENCE LEVEL OF MATCHING(EXCELLENT MATCHING TO UNIDENTIFIED ORGANISMS).

10. ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST(AST) PRINCIPLE- MICROBROTH DILUTION. THE WELLS IN THE CARD CONTAIN DOUBLING DILTUION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS. THE ORGANISM SUSPENSION(OF THE TURBIDITY AS RECOMMENDED BY MANUFACTURE)IS ADDED TO THE WELLS. THE MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION(MIC) IS DETERMINED AS THE HIGHEST DILUTION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT WHICH INHIBITS THE GROWTH OF ORGANISM.

11. INCUBATION THE CARD ARE INCUBATED IN THE SYSTEM AT 35.5 ± 1°C. THE READING IS TAKEN ONCE EVERY 15 MINUTES BY OPTICAL SYSTEM OF THE EQUIPMENT WHICH MEASURES PRESENCE OF ANY COLORED PRODUCTS OF SUBSTRATE METABOLISM(FOR IDENTIFICATION) OR TURBIDITY FOR AST. THE RESULT OF IDENTIFICATION IS USUALLY AVAILABLE WITHIN 4-6 HOURS AND AST WITHIN 16-18HOURS.

12. Phoenix (BD Diagnostics) The BD Phoenix ™ automated identification and susceptibility testing system provides rapid, accurate and reliable detection of known and emerging antimicrobial resistance. It also enables workflow efficiency by utilizing automated nephelometry, which results in a standardized isolate inoculum and a reduction in potential technologist error. MicroScanWalkAway system (Beckman Coulter) The DxM MicroScan WalkAway system delivers trusted detection of emerging and critical antimicrobial resistance with gold-standard MIC accuracy. Designed with ease of use as a focal point, this bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ID/AST) system provides streamlined workflows and enhanced performance compared to its predecessors.

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