Automatic Vehicle Locator

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1. Automatic Vehicle Locator Presented by:- KUSHAGRA KRISHNA 10300512036 (12-EI-36)

2. A Few Questions Is your car or vehicle stolen and is not visible among the several cars present? Do you want to know the arrival for the bus you are waiting? Are you going alone in your vehicle and your parents want to track you movements because they are worried about you? Does your cargo consists of costly loads and you want to protect them?

3. The solution Automatic Vehicle Locator (AVL) What is AVL? An automatic vehicle locator (AVL) is a device that makes use of the global Positioning system (GPS) and enables to remotely track the location of a vehicle. It is an important tool which identifies a vehicle with regard to geographic position, speed and heading.

4. AVL TECHNOLOGY

5. COMPONENTS OF AVL SYSTEM COMPONENTS ARE: 1. RADIO RECEIVER 2. GPS RECEIVER 3. GPS MODEM 4. ANTENNA 5. GPS BASED STATION 6. WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 7. GPS TRACKING SOFTWARE 8. DATA STREAM PROCESSING SERVER

6. Avl system

7. gps The global positioning system (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation systems made up of a network of 24 satellites. GPS is actually a constellation of 27 Earth-orbiting satellites (24 in operation and three extras in case one fails) The US military developed and implemented this satellite netwok as a military navigation system but soon open it to anyone else.

8. How Does The Gps Work ? Trilateration :Imagine you are standing somewhere on Earth with three satellites in the sky above you. If you know how far away you are from satellite A, then you know you must be located somewhere on the red circle. If you do the same for satellites B and C, you can work out your location by seeing where the three circles intersect. This is just what your GPS receiver does, although it uses overlapping spheres rather than circles.

9. gps system

10. Components Radio receiver :  A radio receiver is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form. It is used with an antenna GPS receiver : A GPS receiver's job is to locate four or more of these satellites, figure out the distanc­e to each, and use this information to deduce its own location. GPS modem :  A GSM modem is used to send the position of the vehicle from a remote place.

11. Antenna: An  antenna  (or  aerial ) is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. Base station : In a comp. network it is a transceiver acting as a router for computers in the network, possibly connecting them to a local area network and/or the internet. Wireless communication : Wireless communication  is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor.

12. GPS tracking : A  GPS tracking  unit is a device that uses the Global Positioning System to determine the precise location of a vehicle, person, or other asset to which it is attached and to record the position of the asset at regular intervals. Processing : The goal of complex event processing is to identify meaningful events (such as threats)and respond to them as quickly as possible.

13. GPS Receiver Radio System GPS Antenna GPS Satellite

14. Working of AVL system The satellites are synchronized to emit encoded navigational information (exact positioning and exact time). Any vehicle equipped with a GPS receiver will intercept these transmissions. Using a simple mathematical formula derived from triangulation, the receiver is able to calculate its own longitude, latitude, velocity and even altitude. Then this information is transmitted to a central dispatch center.

15. MAPPING Maps allow understandable view of vehicles location and will also allow operators to apply local knowledge.

16. FLAWS IN THE SYSTEM Ionosphere and troposphere delays - The satellite signal slows as it passes through the atmosphere. Signal multipath - The GPS signal is reflected off objects such as tall buildings before it reaches the receiver, thus increasing the travel time of the signal. Receiver clock errors  - A receiver's built-in clock is not as accurate as the atomic clocks onboard the GPS satellites.

17. Applications Fleet management: when managing a fleet of vehicles, knowing the real-time location of all drivers allows management to meet customer needs more efficiently. Vehicle location information can also be used to verify that legal requirements are being met: for example, that drivers are taking rest breaks and obeying speed limits

18. Passenger Information : Real-time Passenger information systems use predictions based on AVL input to show the expected arrival and departure times of Public Transport services. Asset tracking : companies needing to track valuable assets for insurance or other monitoring purposes can now plot the real-time asset location on a map and closely monitor movement and operating status.

19. Field worker management : companies with a field service or sales workforce can use information from vehicle tracking systems to plan field workers' time, schedule subsequent customer visits and be able to operate these departments efficiently. Covert surveillance : vehicle location devices attached covertly by law enforcement or espionage organizations can be used to track journeys made by individuals who are under surveillance

20. CONCLUSION The future prospects of GPS technology are virtually limitless Today’s GPS receivers are extremely accurate. They provide a worst accuracy of 20 meters.

21. THANK YOU