AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYTEM.ppt

autonomic nervous system in detail

1. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYTEM

2. ANS IS AN INVOLUNTARY MOTOR (EFFERENT) SYSTEM
SUPPLY SMOOTH, CARDIAC MUSCLES & GLANDS
ACCOMPANIED BY SENSORY (AFFERENT) FIBERS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM:

3. CONTROLS INVOLUNTARY ACTIVITIES OF BODY
LIKE:
SWEATING
SALIVATION
PERISTALSIS
VASOMOTOR ACTIVITY ETC
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM:

4. AUTONOMIC NERVES:
PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS ARISE FROM CNS
GANGLIA FOR RELAY OF PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS
POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS FROM GANGLIA SUPPLY EFFECTORS
SOMATIC NERVES:
FROM CNS REACH THEIR DESTINATION WITHOUT ANY DELAY
ANS DIFFERS FROM SOMATIC NS IN

5. ANS DIFFERS FROM SOMATIC NS IN

6. SYMPATHETIC
PARASYMPATHETIC
SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITIES:
-WIDESPREAD
-DIFFUSE
-COMBAT ACUTE EMERGENCIES
PARASYMPATHETIC ACTIVITIES:
-DISCRETE
-ISOLATED
-PROVIDE A COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
BOTH ARE IN ABSOLUTE COORDINATION &
ADJUST BODY INVOLUNTARILY TO GIVEN SURROUNDINGS
DIVISIONS OF AUTONOMIC NS

7. SYMPATHETIC NS
MAINLY CONCERNED WITH MOBILIZATION OF BODY’S
RESOURCES UNDER STRESS TO INDUCE THE “FIGHT OR
FLIGHT RESPONSE”

8. SYMPATHETIC NS
THORACOLUMBAR OUTFLOW
ORIGIN T1 –T12 & LI & L2
SEGMENTS
FROM LATERAL COLUMNS
MYELINATED PREGANGLIOINIC
FIBERS (WHITE RAMI)
EMERGE THROUGH VENTRAL RAMI
WHERE WHITE RAMI ARE
CONNECTED TO SYMPATHETIC
CHAIN GANGLIA
THORACOLUMBAR

9. SYMPATHETIC FIBERS
PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS
EITHER RELAY IN :
LATERAL GANGLIA
(SYMPATHETIC CHAIN) OR
COLLATERAL GANGLIA (CELIAC
GANGLIA)
NON MYELINATED
POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS
(GRC) RUN FOR SOME
DISTANCE BEFORE THE
TARGET ORGAN

10. SYMPATHETIC FIBERS
ADRENAL MEDULA IS SUPPLIED BY
PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS
SYMPATHETIC FIBERS ARE
ADRENERGIC (NORADRENALIN)
EXCEPTIONS TO THIS GENERAL
RULE:
CHOLENERGIC SYMPATHETIC
NERVES:-
-SWEAT GLANDS
-SKELETAL MUSCLE VESSELS FOR
VASODILATATION

11. FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF
SYMPATHETIC FIBERS
VASOMOTOR:
-VASOCONSTRICTOR
SUDOMOTOR:
-SECRETOR OF SWEAT
PILOMOTOR:
-ARRECTOR PILI CONTRACTOR

12. FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF
SYMPATHETIC FIBERS
PUPILARY DILATORS
PALE FACE
DRY MOUTH
TACHYCARDIA
RISE IN BP
INHIBITION OF HOLLOW VISCERA
CLOSURE OF PERINEAL SPHICTORS

13. GENERALIZED
EFFECT
Blood supply to skeletal
muscles, heart & brain is
markedly increased
Thus, sympathetic reactions
tend to be ‘mass reactions’,
Mobilize resources of body for
expenditure of energy in
dealing with emergencies or
emotional crises (fright, fight,
flight)

14. PARASYMPATHETIC NS
CRANIOSACRAL
OUTFLOW:
BRAIN:
3
RD
, 7
TH
, 9
TH
, & 10
TH
CRANIAL NERVES
SACRAL SPINAL
SEGMENTS:
S2 –S4

15. PARASYMPATHETIC NS
FUNCTION:
RESPONSIBLE
SPECIFICALLY FOR
STIMULATION OF
ACTIVIRIES WHEN IN THE
BODY IS AT REST
CONSERVE THE
RESOURCES OF BODY FOR
LONG LASTING EFFICACY

16. PARASYMPATHETIC FIBERS
VERY LONG PREGANGLIONIC &
SHORT POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS
FIBERS TERMINAL GANGLIA
LOCATED MOSTLY ON VISCERA
NERVE ENDINGS ARE CHOLINERGIC
(SIMILAR TO SOMATIC NERVE

17. PARASYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY
FULLY RELAXED SUBJECT
CONSTRICTED PUPILS
FACE FLUSHED
MOIST MOUTH
PULSE SLOW
BP LOW
BLADDER & GUT CONTRACING
SPHINCTORS RELAXED
IN GENERAL:
CONSERVE & RESTORE THE ENERGY RESOURCES OF BODY

18. COMPARISON B/W SYMPATHETIC &
PARASYMPATHETIC SYSTEMS
SYMPATHETIC:
THORACOLUMBAR
SHORT PRE-GANGLIONIC FIBERS RELAY EITHER IN LATERAL OR
COLLATERAL GANGLIS
POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS ARE LONG NERVE ENDINGS
ADRENERGIC EXCEPT SWEAT GLANDS

19. FUNCTION OF SYMPATHETIC NS
 FUNCTIONALLY:
 VASO/ SUDO/ PILOMOTOR
 DILATES SKELETAL Ms BLOOD VESSELS
 SEEN IN SUBJECT EXPOSED TO FEAR & FIGHT
 WIDE & DIFFUSED, TEND TO EXPEND THE ENERGY RESOURCES OF
BODY DURING EMERGENCIES & EMOTIONAL CRISIS

20. FUNCTION OF SYMPATHETIC NS
 SUPPLIES VISCERAL BLOOD VESSELS, SKIN
 AFFERENTS FROM VISCERA & SPECIFIC SKIN AREAS REACH
CEREBRUM THROUGH SPINAL SEGMENT
 SINCE PAIN IS BETTER APPRECIATED FROM SKIN
 IT APPEARS TO BE COMING FROM SKIN RATHER THAN
VISCERA
 THIS IS THE BASIS OF REFFERED PAIN

21. PARASYMPATHETIC NS
 NEURONS FROM:
 BRAIN (CRANIAL) PART:
 CR. NERVE 3
RD
, 7
TH
, 9
TH
, & 10
TH
 SPINAL (SACRAL) PART:
 S2—S4
 LONG PRE –GANGLIONIC FIBERS
 TERMINAL GANGLIA MOSTLY ON VISCERA
 SHORT POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS
 NERVE ENDINGS CHOLINERGIC

22. FUNCTIONS OF PARASYMPATHETIC NS:
 FULLY RELAXED SUBJECT
 NO EFFECT ON SKIN
 DISCRETE, ISOLATED EFFECT,
 CONSERVES & RESTORES THE RESOURCES OF
ENERGY
 SUPPLIES ONLY VISCERA

24. ROLE IN HOMEOSTASIS
IN A NORMAL
SUBJECT THERE IS
A BALANCE B/W
BOTH SYSTEMS TO
MAINTAIN
HOMEOSTASIS

25. THANK YOU