Ayurveda concept of Dharaniya & ​ Adharaniya Vega

In Ayurveda, Dharaniya Vega refers to the natural urges that should be controlled or restrained, such as anger, greed, and jealousy, to maintain mental and emotional balance. On the other hand, Adharaniya Vega encompasses the bodily urges that should not be suppressed, such as urination, defecation, sneezing, and yawning, as doing so can lead to imbalances and health issues. This classification helps in understanding the significance of addressing natural urges appropriately to promote overall well-being and prevent diseases. By respecting these guidelines, one can achieve a harmonious and balanced life.

1. Concept of  Dharaniya  &  Adharaniya   Vega Prepared By: Vaidehi Vadhvana   Ph.D. Scholar

2. Introduction Human body is a magnificent mechanism which has a number of ways to balance the substances which might be useful and or harmful to the body. To compose balance of these substances our body is equipped with Vegas, those are natural urges that appear naturally.

3. Classical ayurveda text elucidates the most important cause of all the diseases is suppression of natural urges thus, individuals should not suppress Vegas.

4. The word Vega means urge,  Adharaneeya means not to be suppressed and in general  Adharaneeya Vega is urges not to be suppressed by force

5. Reason

6. Urges are produced due to the action of vata, suppression of urges leads to vitiation of vata and many kinds of diseases categorized under udavarta according to Susruta .

7. By suppression of urges of flatus, faeces , urine, yawning, tear, eructation, vomiting & semen, the vata moves in the upward direction & produces  udavarta , suppression of hunger, thirst, dyspnoea & sleep also produce udavarta .

8. Acarya Vagbhata suggests non-suppression of natural urges as one of the measures of prevention. Acharya Hemadri elaborating on it, mentions that without giving importance for time at any time these can be evacuated.

9. Dhâranīya Vegas (Suppressible urges)

10. One desirious of his well being has to suppress certain urges like doing work, which is more to his capacity, which will lead to unwanted effect on the body & bad deeds mentally, orally or physically.

11. Urges to control

12. Similarly one should control urges of greed, grief, fear, anger, ego, shamelessness, jealousy, excessive attachment This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY .

13. Desire for things possessed by others.  One should avoid speaking harsh words, back biting, lying & use of untimely words.  The action of violence against others, desire for other women & stealing should be controlled.

14. Lord Buddha considers desire as the root cause for unhappiness. These mental faculties are considered as 6 enemies in the path of yogi.  1. Desire ( Kāma ), 2. Anger (Krodha), 3. Greed ( Lobha ), 4. Attachment ( moha ), 5. Ego ( mada ), & 6. Jelousy ( matsara ).

15. One who conquers these will be happy. One who fails to do it will always be unhappy & will be afflicted with many diseases.  Acharya Caraka considers grief as an aggravating factor of diseases.  Similar things have been mentioned under yama & niyama in yoga.

16. Adharaneeya Vega (Non-suppressible urges)

17. Diseases are produced by initiation of natural urges forcefully and suppression of the same by forcefully.

18. In these Adharaneeya Vega, urges not to be suppressed forcefully are given extra importance in Ayurveda texts, since these are causative factors for several diseases. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY .

19. Acharyas stated 13 natural urges which should not be suppressed at any cost, if they are suppressed frequently can lead to a development of health problems in future like; Acharya Caraka includes eructation ( udgãra ) & includes cough (Kasa) in non suppressible urges.

20. 1. Mutra 2. Purisha 3. Shukra 4. Apana vayu 5. Chardi 6. Kshavathu 7. Udgara 8. Jrumba 9. Kshudha 10. Trishna 11. Bashpa 12. Nidra 13. Shramaswasa Vega,

21. Mutravega dharana (Urge of micturition)

22. Mutravega dharana (Urge of micturition)

23. Treatment Varti (wick) made of madana phala is adviced by acharya vagbhata . Avagaha type of sveda (tub bath), oil massage, instilling ghee in the nostrils & three types of basti i.e Niruha, anuvasana &  uttara basti are the treatment.

24. Purisha  vega dharana  (Urge of Defecation )

25. Treatment: Foementation , massage, tub bath, varti , enema ( basti ) & foods & drinks having laxative nature are conducive in suppression of defecation.

26. Apana  vayu   dharana (Urge of Flatus)

27. Retention of faeces , urine & flatus, distension of abdomen, pain, tiredness and other diseases of abdomen due to vitiation of vata are the features of suppression of väta .  Suśruta mentions diseases like obstruction to heart, dyspnoea , hiccough, cough, rhinitis, throat obstruction, diseases of kapha , pitta & expulsion of faeces through mouth. Vagbhața mentions abdominal tumor ( Gulma ), udavarta , destruction of vision & Agni & cardiac disorders.

28. Treatment Snehana , Swedana , suppositories phala varti , food & drink alleviating vata & enema ( basti ) are indicated.

29. Chardivega dharana (Urge of vomiting )

30. Itching, urticaria, anorexia, blackish pigmentation, swelling, anemia, fever, skin disease, nausea & visarpa a variety of skin diseases are produced by suppression of the urge of vomiting. Acharya Vagbhata mentions itching in eyes, cough, & dyspnoea along with other symptoms. Visceral reflex integrated in the medulla, initiates vomiting.  Vomiting starts with salivation & sensation of nausea.

31. Treatment Emesis after intake of food, smoking, fasting, blood letting intake of dry food, exercise & purgation. Acharya Vagbhata indicates gargling ( gundusa ) & massage, along with alkali & salt intake.

32. Pratiskutam (Urge of sneezing )

33. Stiffness of neck, headache, facial paralysis, half sided headache, weakness in sense organs & weakness are produced due to suppression of sneezing reflex.

34. Treatment Massage, foementation , smoking & nasal drops are indicated.  One should take ghee which is having vata alleviating nature after meals.  Acharya Vagbhata advises collyrium & watching of sun along with the above said measures.

35. Udagarvega   dharana (Urge of eructation/ Belching )

36. Hiccough, dyspnoea , anorexia, tremors & obstruction of heart are the features of suppression of eructation & treatment is same as Hiccough.  According to Acharya  Vagbhata distension of the abdomen is also present.

37. Jrumbha vega dharana (Urge of yawning )

38. Bending of the body, convulsion, contraction, numbness, tremors & shaking of the body are the features of suppression of yawning & treatment is administration of vata alleviating drugs. According to Acharya Susruta , stiffness of neck and diseases of throat, head, ear, nose & eyes are produced due to suppression of yawning.

39. Kshudha vega dharana (Urge of Hunger )

40. Emaciation, weakness, discolouration , body ache, anorexia & giddiness are the features of suppression of hunger & they should be treated with unctous , hot & light food. According to Acharya Susruta , drowsiness (Tandra) includes along with other features.

41. Pipasa  vega   dharana (Urge of Thirst )

42. Thirst Dryness of throat & mouth, deafness, tiredness, exhaustion, weakness & cardiac pain are the features of suppression of thirst reflex & should be treated with cold & nourishing drinks.

43. Ashru vega dharana (Urge of Lacrymation )

44. Urge of sleeping rhinitis, eye disease, cardiac diseases, anorexia & giddiness are the features of suppression of lacrymation , condition should be treated with sleep, intake of wine & pleasant stories.

45. Nidra vega dharana (Urge of Sleeping)

46. Yawning, body ache, disease of head and heaviness of eyes are the features of suppressions of sleep. The condition should be treated with sleep & massage of the body.

47. Shramaswasa vega dharana (Urge of breathing)

48. Abdominal tumors, heart diseases and fainting are the features of suppression of diseases due to tiredness. It should be treated with  vata alleviating treatment & rest.

49. Shukra Nirlekhna   (Urge of seminal ejaculation)

50. Pain in the genitals, testicles, body pain, pain in cardiac region & retention of urine are the features of suppression of urge of seminal discharge.  Pain in the genitals, swelling, fever, pain in cardiac region, retention of urine, body pain, hernia (vrddhi), stones & impotency are features of suppression of seminal discharge.

51. Treatment Diseases due to suppression of seminal discharge should be treated with massage, tub bath ( Avagaha sveda ), wine, chicken, rice, milk, enema (Niruha basti ) & sexual intercourse.

52. Any questions