Ayurvedic Pharmacology of Cyperus rontudus & its Pharmacognocy

1. Classical categorization :- Triptighna , trishna-nigrahan , lekhniya , kandughna , stanya-sodhan .(c.) mushtadi , vachadi .( su .) mushtadi , vachadi .(v.) Latin Name:- Cyperus rotundus Family Name:- Cyperaceae .- d':ts s ' n _ Sanskrit Name:- Mushtak, mushta, varid, sugandhi, gaangeya, megha, himaa. Nepali Name:- df ]y] English Name:- Nut grass. Cyperus rotundus - d':ts _

2. A perennial erect herb about 10-30 cm long, with elongated slender stolons , bearing hard, black, globose and fragrant tubers. Leaves narrowly linear, finely acuminate, one nerved. Flower spikelets in compound umbel, spikelets straw colored to reddish brown, linear- lanceolate , 10-50 flowered glumes. Fruits nuts, black, trigonous , oblong-ovoid. Flowering & Fruiting in july-dec . Botanical description:-

3. Three varieties are mentioned in Dhanwantrinighantu & Rajnighantu ; Mushtak ( Bhadramusta ) -C. rotundus . one which take care of health of human beings. 2) Nagarmusta -C. scariosus one which is found in and around the Nagar. 3) Kaivarta or Jala Musta -C. esculentus one which is found near the water sources. Varieties:

4. 300-2400mt , east to west. Major chemical constituents:- Rhizome contains cyperene-1 & cyperene-2, B- selinene , cyperenone and A- cyperone , mustakone , rotunsone.etc. Distribution in Nepal:-

5. Guna : laghu , ruksha . Rasa: tikta , katu , kasaya . Vipak : katu . Virya : sitt . Ayurvedic Pharmacology of Mustak ( Guna ):-

6. Effect on Doshas : - Kaph-pitt samak . Systemic: External: Twak doshhar , sothhar , lekhan , stanyajanan Internal: NS: Medhya , nadibal-pradayak . DS: dipan , pachan , grahi , trishna-nigrahan . CS: Rakt-prasadan . RS: kaphaghna . US: Mutral . Res.S : Garvasya-sankochak,stanyajanan , stanyasodhan . Skin: Twak doshhar . Tem. Jwarghna . Suitability: Balya , bishghna . Actions (Karma)

7. Its external application is useful in kandu , twakvikar , stanyakshya . Its internal application is given in anorexia, despepsia , indigestion, vommiting , infestination , raktabikar , kash , swash, skin diseases, fever,etc . Uses/Indication:-

8. Jwara :- musta & parpat are used either with sunthi or gokshur in the form of infusion.(A.H.Ci1) Atisaar :- Decoction of musta given with honey.(su.ut.-40) Halimak :- Loh vasma & musta powder are administered with the decoction of khadir .(B.P) Kaphaj vaman : decoction or powder of musta & karkatshringi is given orally.(c.ci23) Kaph-pittaj kash : decoction of musta & marich is given orally.(c.ci.23) Classical therapeutic uses:-

9. Dosage:- Powder 3-6gm. Decoction 50-100 ml. Important preparation:- Mustakadikwath , mustakarishta , mustadi churna , mustadi lep , sadangpaniya . Parts used:- Tubers