Ayurvedic system of medicine

1. AYURVEDIC SYSTEM OF
MEDICINE
Gadade Dipak D.
Dept. of Pharmaceutics,
Shri Bhagwan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad
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Sushruta performing Surgery
4,000 years ago. Published by
MNC Park Davies Drug company

3. INTRODUCTION
Ayur (life) and veda (science or knowledge)
Upaveda of Atharveda
Ayurveda deals with
-herbs plants, anatomy and physiology of body and
principles of tretment of diseases
Charaka samhita-Oldest text of Ayurveda edited
from Agnivesh Samhita by Charaka (Physician of
Kanishka)
Sushruta samhita-author Sushruta (Father of
surgical medicine)
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Charka
Sushruta Nagarjuna
Dhanwantari

4. INTRODUCTION
Agnivesh-founderofmedicine(dicipleofSage
Atreya)
Nagarjuna-App.ofchemistry,metallurgy&
alchemytomedicine(Philosopher,Physician
andalchemist)
HewrittenRasa-Ratnakar,Rasa-kachhaputaand
YogaSataka
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5. THEORY AND BASIC CONCEPTS
Ayurveda is based on three fundamental
principles
Panchamahabhuta Siddhanta
Tridosha theory
Rasa-Guna-Virya-Vipaka-Prabhava Siddhanta
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6. PANCHA MAHABHUTA SIDDHANTA
Everysubstanceiscombination of
panchamahabuta
Eachofithaveownchr’features,properties&
meansofidentification
PerfectbalanceofP.M.-healthystate
DisturbedbalanceofP.M.-Illness
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7. PANCHA MAHABHUTA SIDDHANTA
Prithvi-Shape and form of body
Apa-Moisture, Liquidity & lubrication
Tej-Agni & Fire-Heat & energy
Vayu-Prana-Vital force controlling respiration
Akash-Vacuoles and pores responsible for
transportation of nutritional elements
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8. TRIDOSHA THEORY
Dosha means impurities
Imbalance of doshas cause diseased state
Vata-
Vayu & Akash-
Chr’: lightness & mobility balanced vata bring
about by respiration and imbalace is bring by
cold weather & vata quality diet
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9. TRIDOSHA THEORY
Pitta-
Agni&Fire-
Chr’:hot,bright&acidicbalancedpittahelps
indigestion&energyproductionandimbalance
iscausedbyhot,spicyfood&insummer
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10. TRIDOSHA THEORY
Kapha-
Prithvi & Apa-
Chr’: Watery & heavy balanced kapha affords
lubrication of joints & stability of body while
imbalance is by weeather, spring, heavy metal &
too much rest
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11. RASA-GUNA-VIRYA-VIPAKA-PRABHAVA
SIDDHANTA
•Important pharmacological principle of dravya or
drug
•These principles cover all chr’s of drug
Rasa-Therapeutically active agent
Guna-Quality
Virya-Active principle by which potency is
characterized
Vipaka-End product of digestion
Prabhava-Actual therapeutic activity of drug
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12. OTHER CONCEPTS
Tridosha-Dhatu-Mala Siddhanta
Dhatus:
Rasa, Raktam, Mansa, Meda, Asthi, Majja, shukr
a and oja
Mala: Purisha (Feaces), Mutra (Urine), Sweda
(Sweat)
•Triguna: Satva (Good), Raja
(Aggressiveness), Tama (Dullness)
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13. PANCHKARMA
•Proceduresadoptedforcleansingofbodyand
mindaccumulatedwaste
Snehan-Smoothingofbodywithmassagewith
antivaticsesameoil
Swedan-Steamingofbodyforremovalof
swedaandforlightning
Vaman-ExpulsionofKaphadoshawithlarge
quantitiesofqwath
Virechan-ExpulsionofsputumwithofRechak
Dravya
Basti-Cleansingofurinogenitalsystemwith
medicatedenemas.
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14. TREATMENT
Treatment of the disease consists in
avoidingcausativefactorsresponsiblefor
disequilibriumofthebodymatrixthroughtheuse
ofPanchkarmaprocedures,medicines,suitable
diet,activityandregimenforrestoringthebalance
andstrengtheningthebodymechanisms to
preventorminimizefutureoccurrenceofthe
disease.
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15. TREATMENT
TypesofTreatment:Thetreatmentofdisease
canbroadlybeclassifiedas
PathyaVyavastha
NidanParivarjan
Shodhana
Shaman
Satvavajaya
Rasayana
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16. TREATMENT
PathyaVyavastha(Prescriptionofdietand
activity-do’sanddon’tsofdiet)
NidanParivarjan(Avoidanceofdiseasecausing
andaggravatingfactors)
Shodhanatherapy(PurificationTreatmentwith
panchkarma)
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17. TREATMENT
Shamanatherapy(PalliativeTreatmentfor
reconstituionofhumor-doshas)
Satvavajaya(Psychotherapy)
Rasayanatherapy(useofimmunomodulators
andrejuvenationmedicines)
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18. BRANCHES OF TREATMENT IN
AYURVEDA
Sr. No.Types of Chikitsa Treatment
2 Shalakyatantra Opthalmology
4 Agada Tantra Toxicology
6 Vajeekaran Diseases of genital organs
8 Bhutvidya Psychitrics
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19. AYURVEDA AND DIET
An individual’smental and spiritual
developmentaswellashistemperamentis
influencedbythequalityoffoodconsumedby
him.
Foodinhumanbodyistransformedfirstinto
chyleorRasaandthensuccessiveprocesses
involve its conversion into
blood, muscle, fat,bone, bone-
marrow,reproductiveelementsandojas.
Thus,foodisbasictoallthemetabolic
transformationsandlifeactivities.Lackof
nutrientsinfoodorimpropertransformationof
foodleadtoavarietyofdiseaseconditions.
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20. TYPES OF DRUG FORMULATION
Powders Liquids Semisolids Solids
Bhasma Asava Ghrita Gutika
Kshar Arka Avleha
Parpati Hima
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21. IMP. AYURVEDIC DRUGS AND THEIR
USES
Sr. Ayurvedic Drugs Type of formulationUses
2 Khadirarishtha Arishtha Skin Diseases
4 Triphala churna Churna General tonic, Stomachic
6 Parad bhasma Bhasma Antidiarrhoeal
8 Shatavari ghruta Ghruta Piles
10Medohar Vati Vati Hypolididemic
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22. IMP. AYURVEDIC DRUGS AND THEIR
USES
Sr. Ayurvedic Drugs Type of formulationUses
12Chirayata Arka Arka Antipyretic
14Sarpagandha ChurnayogYog Heart diseases
16Adulasa Kshar Kshar Expectorant
18Dashmukha Qwath Qwath Ailments of Kapha & Vata
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23. INTRODUCTION TO SOME AUYUR.
DOSAGE FORMS…
Arishtha:
•Mediacted weak alcoholic liquors prepared by
fermentation
•Raw material: Veg. juices with honey or jaggery
•plants parts like roots, leaves & barks cut into
pieces and Decoctionis prepared
•Honey or jaggery is mixed with Decoctionof drug
•Fermentation is carried out for about 7 to 10 days
in hot conditionand 15 to 30 daysin cold
conditions.
•eg. Arjurishtha, Khadirarishtha
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24. INTRODUCTION TO SOME AUYUR.
DOSAGE FORMS
Asava
•Mediacted alcoholic liquors prepared by
fementation
•Raw material: Veg. juices with honey or jaggery
•plants parts like roots, leaves & barks cut into
pieces and infusionis prepared
•Honey or jaggery is mixed with infusionof drug
•Fermentation is carried out for about 6 months
•generally used as stomachic, stimulant, tonic &
astringent, etc.
•Eg. Kumariasava,
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25. INTRODUCTION TO SOME AUYUR.
DOSAGE FORMS…
Vatika:
•Decoction of crude drug is prepared and converted
to soft extrat to thick consitancy
•It is mixed with powdered medicines, raw
sugar, honey, gum, etc. to form pill mass
•Pill mass is converted to pill pipe and pills are
prepared from it to form vatika
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26. INTRODUCTION TO SOME AUYUR.
DOSAGE FORMS…
Churna:
•Powdered mixtures of minerals, animal or
vegetable substances prepared in morter-pestle
•Powdered mixture then passed through cloth, linen
or fine sieve.
•Equal quantity of jaggery or double the quantity of
sugar is mixed with powdered mixture.
•It is taken with milk, hot water or cow’s urine.
•Eg. Sitophaladi churna, Ashwagandha churna
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27. INTRODUCTION TO SOME AUYUR.
DOSAGE FORMS…
Tailas:
•Medicated oils are prepared by boiling drugs in
water, milk, or other liquids
•Water is completely removed from preparation
•Tailas are generally used for external local
application some are also used internally
•Eg. Nilgiri Taila (Eucalyptus Oil) ,
Til Taila (Sesame Oil)
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28. INTRODUCTION TO SOME AUYUR.
DOSAGE FORMS…
Ghrita
•These are medicated ghees or clarified butter
•Ghees or butter is heated on fire to remove water
•Little turmeric juice is then added to purify it.
•Purified ghruta mixed with drug powder or
decoction of drug and heated in earthen pot, copper
pot or iron pan to remove traces of water.
•It is strained through cloth and preserved for use.
•Used internally.
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