BANANA STEM WEEVIL AND BANANA APHID.pptx

BANANA STEM WEEVIL AND BANANA APHID MANAGEMENT.

1. BANANA PSEUDOSTEM WEEVIL AND BANANA APHID VIKAS KUMAR

2. BANANA PSEUDO STEM WEEVIL Scientific Name : Odoiporus longicollis Family : Curculionidae Order : Coleoptera Since last 5 years it has become a very saviour pest. Eggs are yellow colour , Elliptical in shape. The Banana Pseudostem Weevil attacks the plant during flowering and bunch formation stage and cause severe yield loss by preventing the bunch development. Distribution and status: It is widely distributed in all banana growing areas. Host range: Banana.

3. Life cycle: Incubation period :- 3-5 days Grub :- 30-35 days Pupa (Exorate) :- 7-19 days Adult :- 90-120 days. Eggs are laid in the pseudostem about 1-1.5 m above ground level. Grub are apodous, with five larval instars. Pupation site:- in side pseudostem tunnel. It has over lapping generation ,and it completes 2 life cycle in a year. EGGS GRUBS ADULT BANANA PSEUDO STEM WEEVIL CONTD…

4. NATURE OF DAMAGE: Female make holes on pseudostem by making pin holes with the help of snout (1 egg in each pin hole) . After hatching of eggs Grubs bores into the pseudostem and make tunnels and feed on internal content of pseudostem. On an average we can see 150-200 weevils along with grubs in each stem. BANANA PSEUDO STEM WEEVIL CONTD…

5. SYMPTOMS OF DAMAGE :- The early symptoms are the jelly exudation on the banana stem which indicate the weevil and grub activity in side the stem. Ooze of resinous substance from pseudostem. Yellowing and drying of leaf. Sequential pin holes on pseudostem in a line. ( Equal distance, Equal diameter, and line arrangement on stem). The Pseudo stem becomes hallow and break at the apical region due to gush of wind. Collapsing of plant during heavy wind due to sevior infestation. BANANA PSEUDO STEM WEEVIL CONTD…

6. MANAGEMENT :- Adopt good husbandry practices such as weeding, manuring and mulching which improve weevil tolerance. Remove dried leaves periodically and keep the field clean. Prune the side suckers every month. Use healthy and pest free suckers to check the pest incidence. Spray monocrotophos 36WSC at 1 ml / litre of water. Do not dump infested materials into manure pit. Uproot infested trees, chop into pieces and burn. Spray methyl parathion 50 EC 2 ml/1 or monocrotophos 36 WSC 1 ml/1 on trunk. Alternatively, dilute 50 ml of monocrotophos 36 WSC with 350 ml of water and inject 4 ml (2ml at 45 cm from ground level, another 2 ml 150 cm from ground level) using banana injector’ or long needle in the pseudostem at monthly intervals from 5th to 8th month. Do not follow stem injection after 8 months of growth. BANANA PSEUDO STEM WEEVIL CONTD…

7. BANANA APHID Scientific Name : Pentalonia nigronervosa Family : Aphidae Order : Hemiptera The aphids are persistent vectors of bunchy top disease in banana. Aphids congregate below the leaf base and their direct damage is fairly less. High humidity favours rapid multiplication of this pest. Identification of pest: Yellowish green nymphs and adults suck cell sap and devitalise plants.

8. NATURE OF DAMAGE :- Both adult and nymphs suck the sap from lower portion of leaf. SYMPTOMS OF DAMAGE :- Due to sucking of sap (both by adult and nymph ) from lower portion of leaf results in progressive leaf dwarfing and curling reduced bunch size and distorted fruits. Affected parts become discoloured and malformed. BANANA APHID CONTD..

9. MANAGEMENT: Spray methyl demeton 2 ml / litre or monocrotophos 1 ml / litre or dimethoate 1.70 ml / litre of water, Direct the spray towards the crown and pseudostem base up to ground level at 21 days interval at least thrice. Avoid injection of monocrotophos after flowering. Destroy diseased plants with rhizome. Inject 5 ml of 2, 4-D herbicide (125 mg/1) into pseudostem using injecting gun for effective killing of diseased plants. Spray methyl demeton 25 EC 500 ml or monocrotophos 36 WSC 250 ml/ha or dimethoate 30 EC 500 ml/ha to control aphids. Direct spray towards crown and pseudostem base at 21 days interval at least thrice. Follow pseudostem injection with monocrotophos 36 WSC after diluting 1 ml in 4 ml of water at 45 days interval. Use banana injector devised by TNAU or lumbar puncture needle. Avoid injecting monocrotophos after flowering. Encourage activity of predators,  Scymnus ,  Chilomenes sexmaculata ,  Chrysoperla carnea  and other  coccinellids ; and entomopathogen,  Beauveria bassiana . BANANA APHID CONTD..