Bari-Nirman-Guide-Mohammad-Ali-Siddque.pdf

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3. wem&wgjøvwn&i ivn&gvwbi ivwng

mg¯Í cÖksmv me©kw³gvb Avjøvni, whwb me©mªóv Ges wePviw`‡bi gvwjK
`iæ` I mvjvg nhiZ gynv¤§` (mvt)-Gi cÖwZ
whwb Zvgvg `ywbqvi gnvb wk¶K|


 wbg©vY Kv‡R SzuwK wb‡eb bv|
 †ckvRxwe‡`i BwÄwbqvi I AvwK©‡U± civgk© I mn‡hvwMZv wbb|
 evwo evbvb f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZmn|
 D”Pkw³ m¤úbœ (60 †MÖW) Gg.Gm.iW f~wgK¤ú D”P cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vq mnvqK|
 weg-Kjvg f~wgK‡¤úi cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vq AwaK Dc‡hvMx|
 d¬¨vU †cøBU f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vq wec`RbK|
 Avcbvi febwU f~wgK‡¤ú KZUzKz †UKmB Zv Rvbyb|
 mKj ¯’vcbv wbg©v‡Y wewìs †KvW †g‡b Pjyb|
 f~wgK¤ú m¤ú‡K© aviYv MÖnY Kiæb|
 evwo wbg©v‡Y cÖ_‡gB gvwU cixÿv K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
 `ÿ cÖ‡KŠkjx‡K w`‡q bKkv ˆZwi I Z`viwK Kiv‡bv `iKvi|
 f~wgK‡¤úi mgq evwoi wjd&U e¨envi Ki‡eb bv|
















]



DrmM©

kª‡×q wcZv-gvZv giûg wmivRyj Bmjvg, Kvógm, mycvi (Aet) I Av‡gbv LvZzb
Ges †Q‡j-¯¿x-†gvnv¤§` ivdmvb wmwÏKx I †invbv wmwÏKx
MÖvgt cvwjkviv, _vbvt nvwRMÄ, †Rjvt Puv`cyi|

4. wKfv‡e mn‡R evwo wbg©vY
Ges
mvBU mycviwfkb Ki‡eb?
......................†R‡b wbb|

me©‡kl ms¯‹iY t Rvbyqvwi, 2019 Bs

(evwo I wewìs/G¨vcvU‡g›U - wbg©vY MvBW)






†gvnv¤§` Avjx wmwÏKx
we.Gm.wm. BwÄwbqvi (wmwfj, ey‡qU, XvKv)
jvBd †d‡jv, AvBBwe (Gd/7218)|
cÖv³b cÖ‡R± KbmvjU¨v›U, miKvwi cÖwZôvb
(we‡KGmwc, wcwWwe, cvD‡ev, mIR)
wmB. †Uªwbs (wmDj, †Kvwiqv), wcwU (†nbwieyU)
cÖ‡R± wW‡i±i (nvDR-wewìs wbg©vY cÖKí)|








ivdmvb cvewj‡Kkb
cÖKvkKt ivdmvb cvewj‡Kkb
cÖh‡Zœt evmv # 24, †ivW # 5, eøK # we, ebkªx cÖ‡R±
ivgcyiv, XvKv-1219, †gvevBjt 01724-520400
cÖ_g ms¯‹iYt Rvbyqvix 2002 Bs, wØZxq ms¯‹iYt Ryb 2003 Bs
Z…Zxq ms¯‹iYt †g 2008 Bs, PZz_© ms¯‹iYt †g 2012 Bs
cÂg ms¯‹iYt RyjvB 2015 Bs, me©‡kl ms¯‹iYt Rvbyqvwi, 2019 Bs

cÖKvkK KZ…©K me©mË¡ msiw¶Z|
we.`ª: eBwUi cÖKvkbvq msKjbf~³ me †jLvq †jLK I m¤úv`‡Ki wbR¯^ gZvgZ
e¨³ n‡q‡Q| ZvB Gi Rb¨ cÖKkvbv c„ô‡cvlK kvn& wm‡g›U BÛvwóªR wjt `vqx bq|
†hme jvB‡eªix‡Z eBwU cvIqv hv‡e :
jvB‡eªixi bvg wVKvbv †dvb/†gvevBj
* eyK wmwÛ‡KU jvB‡eªix Mft wbDgv‡K©U, XvKv 01817-104374
* AvjxMo jvB‡eªix Mft wbDgv‡K©U, XvKv 01718-044444
* mygb jvB‡eªix Mft wbDgv‡K©U, XvKv 01670-159615
* c¨vivWvBm eyK bxj‡¶Z, XvKv 01830-468018
* gWvY© eyK †m›Uvi bxj‡¶Z, XvKv 01718-265552
* dvinvb eyK †m›Uvi bxj‡¶Z, XvKv 01911-558690
* wbD wkÿv weZvb bxj‡¶Z, XvKv 01921-395424
* eB wewPÎv ¸jkvb-2, XvKv 01817-051783
* †Zvdv¾j eyK nvDR Bw›`iv †ivW, dvg©‡MU, XvKv 01711-150101
* wcÖZg eyK mvcøvB ivRj²x Kg‡cø·, DËiv, XvKv 8923187
* †eex eyKm DËiv ivRDK gv‡K©U, DËiv 01818-834187
* DËiv eyKm ivRj²x Kg‡cø·, DËiv 01939-341704
* ÷z‡W›U jvB‡eªix bvwmivev`, PÆMÖvg 01840-421665
* wefv jvB‡eªix †dbx 01710-090979
* †mvnvM eyK wW‡cv †K wW †Nvl †ivW, Lyjbv Lyjbv
* Kvgvj eyK nvDR iƒcmv †dwiNvU, Lyjbv| Lyjbv
* exYvcvwY eyK wW‡cv mgqevq mycvi gv‡K©U, ivRkvnx ivRkvnx
* meyR jvB‡eªix mgqevq mycvi gv‡K©U, ivRkvnx ivRkvnx
* wbD †bkb jvB‡eªix wR›`vevRvi, wm‡jU wm‡jU
* gvj jvB‡eªix wR›`vevRvi, wm‡jU wm‡jU
* eyK wfjv m`i †ivW, ewikvj ewikvj

g~j¨ t 300/- (wZbkZ) UvKv

gy`ª‡Y t ¯‹vBjvK© wcÖ›Uvm©
278/G, Gwjd¨v›U †ivW,
KuvUveb Xvj, XvKv-1205
†gvevBj: 01707-282395

5. c„ôv b¤^i

cÖ_g Aa¨vq t evsjv‡`‡k f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZ Ges cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v ............ 11
wØZxq Aa¨vq t evwo wbg©v‡Y-KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welq Ges mZK©Zvmg~n ......19
AwZwi³ Aa¨vq-1 t evwoi dvD‡Ûkb wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mvaviY mZK©Zvmg~n .......... 24
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq t evwo wbg©v‡Y-KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq (MvwYwZK) m~Î ............... 31
PZz_© Aa¨vq t wbg©vY mvBU cwi`k©b I Rwg µq Ges wbe©vPb c×wZ.......... 40
cÂg Aa¨vq t wbg©vY mvB‡U gvwU cix¶v (m‡qj †U÷) c×wZ...................46
lô Aa¨vq t evwoi AvwK©‡UKPvivj cø¨v‡bi msw¶ß weeiY ................... 59
mßg Aa¨vq t ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vj KZ©„K evwoi cø¨vb cv‡ki c×wZ....... 69
Ges KwZcq cø¨v‡bi bgybv
AwZwi³ Aa¨vq-2 t evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Ges Bnvi cÖKvi‡f`........................... 98
AwZwi³ Aa¨vq-3 t evwo wbg©v‡Y - cÖ‡qvRbxq †UKwbK¨vj welqmg~n ..............125
Aóg Aa¨vq t wbg©vY KvR I Gw÷‡gU............................................ 140
beg Aa¨vq t wbg©vY mvgMÖx Ges Bnvi msw¶ß weeiY......................... 151
`kg Aa¨vq t evwo wbg©v‡Y e¨q Kgv‡bvi Dcvq.................................. 172
GKv`k Aa¨vq t evwo wbg©v‡Y mvwf©m e¨e¯’vmg~n.................................. 175
Øv`k Aa¨vq t wbg©vY Kv‡Ri gvbwbqš¿Y (†KvqvwjwU K‡›Uªvj)................ 189
·qv`k Aa¨vq t wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv............................................ 193
PZz©`k Aa¨vq t evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Ges mycvi-óªvKPvi Kv‡Ri weeiY......... 202
cÂ`k Aa¨vq t wbwg©Z evwoi ms¯‹vi, i¶Yv‡e¶Y I cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y ..... 212
lô`k Aa¨vq t evwo wbg©v‡Y- f~wgK¤ú, AwMœ cÖwZ‡iva Ges wbivcËv
e¨e¯’vmn Ab¨vb¨ we‡eP¨ welqmg~n.............................. 217

Ges



c„ôv b¤^i
cwiwkó-1 t M„n FY (miKvix I †emiKvix) cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni bvg................... 224
cwiwkó-2 t gvwU (m‡qj) cix¶v Ges dvD‡Ûkb Kbmvj‡U›U cÖwZôv‡bi bvg... 227
cwiwkó-3 t AvwK©‡UKPvivj I óªvKPvivj wWRvBb KbmvjwUs dv‡g©i bvg......... 228
cwiwkó-4 t evsjv‡`‡ki KwZcq wmwfj BwÄwbqvwis eB Ges †jL‡Ki bvg...... 229
cwiwkó-5 t evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq †UKwbK¨vj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqmg~n................ 230
cwiwkó-6 t GKbR‡i kvn&& wm‡g›U BÛvwóªR wjt ...................................... 249
cwiwkó-7 t mßg ms¯‹iY (†deªæqvwi, 2017 Bs) ..................................... 252
cwiwkó-8 t wewìs-Gi Aviwmwm †mKkb-G iW †mwUs-Gi bgybv .................. 262




EARTH QUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE

Av‡jvP¨ I msw¶ß m~wPcÎ cwiwkó (AwZwi³ Aa¨vq)
Overlaping Hoops with a Crosstile

8. 11 12
cÖ_g Aa¨vq
evsjv‡`‡k f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZ
Ges cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v

Av‡jvP¨ I mswÿß m~PxcÎ

evsjv‡`k f~wgK¤ú-cÖeY!
†h †Kvb gyn~‡Z© f~wgK¤ú G‡`‡k AvNvZ nvb‡Z cv‡i| f~wgK‡¤ú `vjvb-†KvVvi
bx‡P Pvcv c‡o AmsL¨ gvby‡li g„Zz¨ nq- m¤¢ve¨ f~wgK¤ú †gvKv‡ejvq wb‡R
m‡PZb nDb Ab¨‡K m‡PZb Kiæb Ges
 f~wgK¤ú m¤ú‡K© aviYv MÖnY Kiæb|
 Avcbvi febwU f~wgK‡¤ú KZUzKz †UKmB Zv Rvbyb|
 mKj ¯’vcbv wbg©v‡Y wewìs †KvW/BgviZ wbg©vY AvBb †g‡b Pjyb|
 f~wgK¤ú Abyf~Z n‡jB `ªæZ Ni †_‡K †ewi‡q †Lvjv RvqMvq Avkªq wbb|
 †Kvb wKQz m‡½ †bqvi †jv‡f Ni †_‡K †ei n‡Z mgq bó Ki‡eb bv|
 ˆe`y¨wZK LyuwU/Zvi ev BgviZ †_‡K wbivc` `~i‡Z¡ Ae¯’vb wbb|
 `ªæZ †ei n‡Z bv cvi‡j Kjv‡gi †Mvovq LvU †Uwe‡ji bx‡P Avkªq wbb|
 f~wgK‡¤úi mgq we`y¨r I M¨v‡mi ms‡hvM wew”Qbœ Kiæb|
 AvZw¼Z bv n‡q ˆa‡h©¨i mv‡_ cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv Kiæb |
 f~wgK¤ú-DËi D×viKvix‡`i Kv‡R h_vm¤¢e mnvqZv Kiæb |
 †ivMx, wkï, e„× I cÖwZeÜx‡`i iÿv‡_© we‡kl bRi w`b|

[1-0] f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZ
K) evsjv‡`k I f~wgK¤ú t evsjv‡`k GLb f~wgK‡¤úi ûgwKi gy‡L c‡o‡Q|
GwcÖj 2015Bs gv‡mB XvKv, PÆMÖvg I Avkcv‡k †Rjv n‡q †Mj K‡qK `dv
f~wgK¤ú| ÿqÿwZi w`K †_‡K †Zgb e¨vcK bv n‡jI bZzb-cyi‡bv `vjv‡b
dvUj, cvnv‡o dvUj, ˆe`y¨wZK UªvÝwgUvi we‡ùvi‡Y Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a¨
AvZ‡¼i m„wó nq|
wet `ªt (1) mv¤cÖwZK mg‡qi Le‡ii KvM‡R cÖKvwkZ Z_¨ †_‡K Rvbv hv‡”Q,
RvwZmsN cÖYxZ f~wgK¤ú wech©‡qi m~PK (Av_‡KvqvK© wWRv÷vi wi¯‹ Bb‡W·)
c„w_exi me‡P‡q †ewk SzuwKc~Y© 20wU kn‡ii g‡a¨ GK b¤^‡i i‡q‡Q XvKv kni|
KviY, XvKvi †ewkifvM evwoNiB wbgœgv‡bi wbg©vY DcKiY w`‡q evbv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| wiLUvi †¯‹‡j 6 gvÎvi GKwU f~wgK‡¤ú m‡e©v”P Bb‡mbwmwU‡Z XvKv
kn‡ii 40 fvM evwoNi weaŸ¯Í Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó|
G iKg f~wgK‡¤ú ARmª cÖvYnvwbi cvkvcvwk cÖvq 18 nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi
m¤ú‡`i ÿwZ n‡e e‡j MZ 17 AvM÷, 2017Bs XvKvq Av‡qvwRZ GK
†mwgbvi we‡klÁiv GB RvZxq Z_¨ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|
(2) G Rb¨ f~wgK‡¤úi K_v we‡ePbvq †i‡L Av‡M †_‡KB mZK©Zvg~jK e¨e¯’v
I cª¯‘wZ †bIqv `iKvi, hv‡Z ÿwZi cwigvY hÏ~i m¤¢e Kgv‡bv hvq| bKkvi G
cÖwZ‡e`‡b we‡klÁ‡`i m‡½ K_v e‡j evwo wbg©v‡Y c~e©cÖ¯‘wZ, SzuwKc~Y©
`vjvb‡KvUv ms¯‹vi, f~wgK‡¤úi c~e©cÖ¯‘wZ, f~wgK‡¤úi mgq wK Kiv DwPZ-†m
m¤ú‡K© civgk© MÖnb Kiv DwPZ|
(L) evsjv‡`‡k f~wgK‡¤úi cÖeYZv t evsjv‡`k b¨vkbvj wewìs †KvW 1993 Bs
Abymv‡i f~wgK¤ú cÖeYZvi w`K †_‡K evsjv‡`k‡K wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q t
(1) me©vwaK SuywKc~Y©,
(2) gvSvwi SzuwKc~Y©,
(3) Kg SzuwKc~Y© GjvKv|
e„nËi wm‡jU, gqgbwmsn, eªvþYevwoqv, biwms`x, MvRxcyi, Uv½vBj, wmivRMÄ,
MvBevÜv, †kicyi, iscyi, jvjgwbinvU f~wgK‡¤úi w`K †_‡K SzuwKc~Y© GjvKv|
XvKv gvSvwi Avk¼vRbK AÂj n‡jI XvKvi cwiw¯’wZ bvRyK| we‡klÁ‡`i
aviYv, eo ai‡bi f~wgK¤ú n‡j 80 kZvsk evwo a‡m co‡e| KviY¸‡jv n‡jvt
AcwiKwíZ evwo ˆZwi, RvZxq wewìs †KvW bv †g‡b evwo ˆZwi|
wet`ªt f~wgK‡¤úi BwZnvm Ges f~ZvwË¡K Ae¯’v‡bi BwZnvm Ges f~ZvwË¡K
Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k GKwU f~wgK¤ú cÖeY GjvKv| f~-Z¡K e„nr AvKv‡ii
LÐ LÐ †cøU ev f~LÐ w`‡q ˆZwi-GB †cøU¸‡jvi mxgv‡iLv‡K e‡j †cøU evDÛvwi
ev †UK‡UvwbK mxgvbv| me f~wgK¤úB mPivPi GB mxgvbv eivei msNwUZ
n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki KvQvKvwQ w`‡q G iKg †cøU evDÛvwi AwZµg K‡i‡Q|

9. 13 14
[2-0] evwo evbvb f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZmn
(K) bZzb evwoi †ÿ‡Î (f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZ) t
(1) cÖ_‡gB gvwU cixÿv K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| IB RvqMvi gvwU †`‡e hvIqvi
cÖeYZv Av‡Q wKbv Zv †`‡L evwo wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e|
(2) `ÿ cÖ‡KŠkjx‡K w`‡q bKkv ˆZwi I Z`viwK Kiv‡bv `iKvi|
(3) dvD‡Ûkb ev wfwËcÖ¯Íi †KvW© Abyhvqx iW e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e-hv
f~wgK‡¤úi av°vq mnbkxj n‡e|
(4) fv‡jv gv‡bi wm‡g›U, iW, evjy e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(5) wfwËc͇֯i †MÖUweg Kjvg ms‡hvM¯’‡j cÖ‡qvRbxq †KvW© Abyhvqx iW w`‡Z
n‡e|
(6) Kjv‡gi i‡W euvab¸‡jvi †kl gv_v 135 wWwMÖ evuKv‡bv n‡Z n‡e Ges
euvab¸‡jvi g‡a¨ duvKv n‡e Kg|
(7) weg Kjv‡gi ms‡hvM¯’‡j †Rvov jvMv‡bv hv‡e bv|
(8) eûZj fe‡b Kswµ‡Ui ˆZwi wjd‡Ui †`Iqvj cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv _vKv DwPZ|
(9) Kvi cvwK©s weg I Kjvg eivei evwn‡ii †`qvj cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv _vKv
DwPZ|
(10) f~wgK‡¤úi cÖwZ‡ivag~jK e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ AwZwi³ LiP n‡e cÖwZ eM©dzU
10 †_‡K 15 UvKv|
(L) cyi‡bv evwoi †ÿ‡Î (f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZ) t
(1) evwoi Kjvg¸‡jv‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv Kjv‡gi
AvK…wZ evov‡Z n‡e Ges Zv wfwË †_‡KB evov‡Z n‡e|
(2) †`qvj gReyZ Kivi Rb¨ †eªwms (x-Gi g‡Zv eÜbx) c×wZ e¨envi Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i|
(3) weg ev wbP w`K †_‡K Avbyf~wgK †eªwms †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i| wKQz wKQz
†ÿ‡Î †KvbvKzwb ev Avbyf~wgK †eªwms †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
(4) cÖ‡qvR‡b bZzb K‡i gvwU cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e| gvwU †`‡e hvIqvi cÖeYZv
_vK‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖwZ‡ivag~jK e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|

wPÎ-1 t evsjv‡`‡ki f~wgK¤úcÖeY GjvKvi gvbwPÎ
†Rvb-1 (†ekx SuywKc~Y© GjvKv) t e„nËi w`bvRcyi, VvKziMuvI, Rvgvjcyi, wK‡kviMÄ, Uv½vBj
Ges wm‡jU|
†Rvb-2 (SzuwKc~Y© GjvKv) t e„nËi iscyi, cvebv, XvKv, wPUvMvs, cvnvox AÂj|
†Rvb-3 (Kg SzuwKc~Y© GjvKv) t h‡kvi, Lyjbv, ewikvj, cUzqvLvjx, †bvqvLvjx Ges †fvjv|
†Rvb-1
†ekx SyuwKc~Y© GjvKv
†Rvb-2
SyuwKc~Y© GjvKv
†Rvb-3
Kg SyuwKc~Y© GjvKv

10. 15 16

(5) f~wgK‡¤úi cÖwZ‡ivag~jK e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ AwZwi³ LiP cÖwZ eM©dz‡U 70
†_‡K 90 UvKv jvM‡e| cyi‡bv evwoi †ÿ‡Î LiPUv †ewk|
(6) cÖ‡Z¨K K‡ÿI †Kvbvq Lvovfv‡e AwZwi³ Kswµ‡Ui Kjvg B¯úv‡Zi
iWmn wbg©vY Kiv hvq| Uvbv wj‡›Uj bv _vK‡j bZzb K‡i Zv †`Iqv
hvq|
[3-0] f~wgK¤ú t ÿqÿwZ b~b¨Zg ivLvi Rb¨ wKQz Dcvq t
(1) evwoi cÖwZwU †d¬v‡ii fvienb ÿgZv mvgÄm¨ ivLv| mvaviY evwo
wbg©vZviv G fvienb wKsev †jvW †eqvwis ÿgZv †ei Kiv wnmvewU Rv‡bb
bv| wKš‘ cÖ‡KŠkjxiv GwU Rv‡bb| evwoi bxPZjv, †`vZjv, wZbZjv
GgbwK PZz_© Zjvmn me KwU †d¬v‡ii fvienb ÿgZv mvgÄm¨c~Y© n‡Z
n‡e| Z‡eB evwo A‡bKUvB f~wgK¤úmn n‡e|
(2) evwoi wfwË wbg©v‡Yi mgq Kjvg Ges we‡gi ms‡hvM¯’‡j we‡kl kw³kvjx
wis ˆZwi Kiv nq| G ai‡bi wis Kjvg Ges we‡gi fvienb ÿgZv
evwo‡q †`q|
(3) we‡klÁ‡`i g‡Z cvwK©s †d¬v‡ii Pvicv‡k †`qvj wbwg©Z n‡j †d¬viwU
AviI †ewk Pvcmnbÿg n‡q DV‡e|
[4-0] b¨vkbvj wewìs †KvW I f~wgK¤ú t
miKvi e‡j‡Q, f~wgK¤ú mnbxq feb wbg©v‡Y fvj Dcvq n‡”Q b¨vkbvj wewìs
†KvW †g‡b Pjv| G †KvW b¨vkbvj wewìs †KvW †g‡b Pj‡j †gvUvgywU Zxeª
gvÎvi GgbwK 8 wiLUvi †¯‹j gvÎvi f~wgK¤úI evwo wU‡K _vK‡e Ges evwoi
wfZ‡i Ae¯’vbiZiv AšÍZ cÖvYUzKz nviv‡e bv-GwU ejv n‡”Q| evsjv‡`‡ki
cwi‡cªwÿ‡Z b¨vkbvj wewìs †KvW †g‡b PjvB DËg| †KvW †g‡b Pj‡j 5 †_‡K
7 fvM LiP †ewk c‡o| wKš‘ G Li‡P evwo‡K †gvUvgywU K¤úbmÿg K‡i †Zvjv
m¤¢e|
[5-0] f~wgK‡¤úi Av‡M I c‡ii cÖ¯‘wZ t
(K) ¯^vfvweK mg‡q (f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ¯‘wZ) t
(1) f~wgK¤ú m¤ú‡K© aviYv MÖnY wbb|
(2) Nievwo k³ K‡i ˆZwi Kiæb|
(3) cyi‡bv N‡ii LyuwU-wfZ †givgZ Kiæb|
(4) cvKv `vjv‡bi k³ wfZ w`b Ges fe‡bi D”PZv I †jv‡Wi wnmve
Abyhvqx fe‡bi wfwË w`b|
(5) AeKvVv‡gv‡Z wiBb‡dvm©W KswµU e¨envi Kiæb|

11. 17 18
(6) k³ gvwUi Ni wbg©vY Kiæb|
(7) Avcbvi evwowU cv‡ki evwo †_‡K wbivc` `~i‡Z¡ wbg©vY Kiæb|
(8) evwo‡Z ˆe`y¨wZK jvBb, M¨vm jvBb AZ¨šÍ wbivc` I mZK©fv‡e ¯’vcb
Kiæb, †hb ZrÿYvr eÜ Kiv hvq|
(9) f~wgK‡¤úi mgq e¨env‡ii Rb¨ m¤¢e n‡j evwo‡Z m`m¨‡`i msL¨v
Abyhvqx †nj‡gU msMÖn K‡i ivLyb|
(10) LvU, †Uwej BZ¨vw` k³ K‡i ˆZwi Kiæb, hv‡Z wec‡`i mgq Zvi wb‡P
Avkªq †bIqv hvq|
(11) N‡i GKvwaK `iRv ivLyb, hv‡Z wec‡`i mgq `ªæZ †ei nIqv hvq|
(12) cwiev‡i mevB‡K f~wgK‡¤úi SzuwK I KiYxq m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Kiæb|
(L) f~wgK‡¤úi mgq (cÖ¯‘wZ) t
(1) f~wgK‡¤úi cÖ_g SuvKzwbi m‡½ m‡½ cwiev‡ii mevB‡K wb‡q †Lvjv
RvqMvq Avkªq wbb|
(2) N‡i †nj‡gU _vK‡j `ªæZ wb‡R gv_vq w`b, Ab¨‡`i ci‡Z ejyb|
(3) `ªæZ ˆe`y¨wZK myBP, M¨vm myBP eÜ K‡i w`b|
(4) †Kvb wKQz m‡½ †bIqvi †jv‡f Ah_v mgq bó Ki‡eb bv|
(5) hw` Ni †_‡K †ei nIqv bv hvq, †m‡ÿ‡Î B‡Ui Muv_ywbi cvKv N‡ii
†Kv‡Y Ges Kjvg I we‡gi ˆZwi feb n‡j Kjv‡gi †Mvovq Avkªq wbb|
(6) Avcbvi evm¯’vb AvavcvKv ev m¤ú~Y© wUb w`‡q ˆZwi n‡j Ni †_‡K †ei
n‡Z bv cvi‡j k³ LvU ev †PŠwKi wb‡P Avkªq wbb|
(7) f~wgK¤ú iv‡Zi †ejv n‡j wKsev `ªæZ †ei bv nIqv †M‡j mRvM nIqvi
m‡½ m‡½B Avkªq wbb N‡ii †Kv‡Y, Kjv‡gi †Mvovq A_ev k³ LvU ev
†Uwe‡ji wb‡P|
(8) G mgq wjdU e¨envi Ki‡eb bv|
(M) f~wgK¤ú aŸsm¯‘‡c AvU‡K †M‡j (Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi Dci fimv ivLyb)
(1) hw` Avcwb eûZj wewkó evwoi Ic‡ii w`‡K †Kv‡bv Zjvq AvUKv
c‡ob, hw` †ewi‡q Avmvi †Kv‡bv c_B bv _v‡K, mvnm nviv‡eb bv, ˆah©
a‡i A‡cÿv Kiæb| †f‡e †`Lyb Avcbvi wPrKvi D×viKvix ch©šÍ
†cuŠQv‡e wK bv|
(2) weg, †`qvj, Kswµ‡Ui ¯øve BZ¨vw`i g‡a¨-Avcbvi kix‡ii †Kvb Ask
Pvcv co‡j †ei nIqvi my‡hvM bv-B _v‡K Z‡e †ewk bov Pov Ki‡eb
bv| G‡Z AwZwi³ i³ÿiY n‡Z cv‡i| †QvULv‡Uv AvNvZ m¤¢e n‡j
wb‡Ri cwi‡aq Kvco wQ‡ou ÿZ¯’vb †eu‡a w`‡Z cv‡ib|
(3) Avcbvi †h‡Kv‡bv D‡ËRbv I fq Avcbvi Rb¨ me‡P‡q ÿwZKi n‡Z
cv‡i| ZvB mvnm nviv‡eb bv|

[6-0] Dcmsnvi (Conclusion)t
evwo wbg©v‡Y cÖ_gZ: f~wgK¤ú mnbxq ¯’vc‡Z¨i Rb¨ Avjv`v K‡i bKkv
cÖYq‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY AZ¨vekK| hv Rvcvbmn Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k Pvjy n‡q †M‡Q|
Rvcvb‡K GK mgq f~wgK‡¤úi †`k ejv n‡Zv| eZ©gv‡b Rvcv‡b eû nvBivBR
wewìs i‡q‡Q Ges GBme BgviZ wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ Zviv bZzb cÖhyw³ m¤úbœ bKkv
cÖYqb K‡i‡Qb| Avgv‡`i †`‡k BgivZ bKkv cÖYqbKvixiv eZ©gv‡b 6-7
wiLUvi †¯‹j mnbxq bKkv ˆZwi Ki‡Qb|

wPÎ [6-1]t f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡iv‡a, 5 Bw wib‡dvmW© weªK †`qv|

12. 19 20
wØZxq Aa¨vq
evwo wbg©v‡Y-KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welq
Ges mvaviY mZK©KZvmg~n
evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welq Ges mvaviY mZK©KZvmg~n t
evwo wbg©v‡Y KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welqmg~nt
 evwo wbg©v‡Yi c~‡e© KiYxq wbqgvejx-
m¤ú‡K© aviYv †bIqv DwPZ|
 evwo wbg©vY e¨q wbiƒcb Kiv|
 wbg©vY mvgMÖx m¤ú‡K© aviYv †bIqv|
 evwo wbg©v‡Yi mgq mvaviY fyj-ÎæwU `~ixKiY I
mveavbZv m¤ú‡K© aviYv †bIqv|

evwo wbg©v‡Y KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welqmg~nt
 wbg©vY e¨e¯’vcbv m¤ú‡K© Ávb AR©b Kiv|
 feb/evwo wbg©vY †givgZ Ges †bvbv aiv-
msµvšÍ hveZxq wel‡q aviYv wb‡Z nq|
 fvj ivRwgw¯¿ wb‡qvM Kiv DwPZ|
 GKRb ivRwgw¯¿i cÖwZwU KvR GKRb mvBU
BwÄwbqv‡ii cÖ‡Z¨ÿ mycviwfkb _vKv
DwPZ|
mvBU/cøU †j-AvDU †`qvi mgq mZK©Zvt
 mwVKfv‡e †j-AvDU †`qv bv n‡j wewìs-
Gi AvK…wZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q hv‡e hv-
cieZ©x‡Z wVK Kiv `ytmva¨ e¨vcvi|
 †j-AvDU †`Iqvi mgq evwoi evB‡ii gvc
wVK Av‡Q wKbv fvjfv‡e bRi w`‡Z n‡e|

mvBU/cø‡U gvwU KvUvi mg‡q mZK©Zvt
 gvwU KvUvi mgq cv‡k¦©i †`qvj¸‡jv
msiÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|
 cÖ‡qvR‡b mvB‡Ui Ae¯’vb Abyhvqx ewjø A_ev
wkU cvBwjs e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
mvB‡U/cø‡U cvBwjs Kivi mgq mZK©Zvt
 wWRvBb Abyhvqx cvBj¸‡jv ¯’vcb Ki‡Z
n‡e|
 G‡ÿ‡Î †m›Uvi wVK †i‡L cvBwjs Ki‡Z
n‡e Zv bv n‡j Kjv‡gi Ae¯’vb wVK _vK‡e
bv|
 Avgv‡`i †`‡k cÖavbZ Kv÷-Bb-wmUz cvBj
e¨eüZ nq|

dvD‡Ûkb XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R mZK©Zvt
 Kjvg dzwUs/K¤^vBÛ dzwUs-Gi XvjvB‡qi
Av‡M A‡b‡K M‡Z©i g‡a¨ cwjw_b w`‡q
_v‡Kb|
 wKš‘ M‡Z© cwjw_b †`Iqv wVK bq KviY
cwjw_b gvwU I dvD‡Ûkb-Gi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM
¯’vc‡b evav n‡q `uvovq| Ges
 f~wgK‡¤úi mgq wewìs D‡ë hvevi m¤¢vebv
†e‡o hvq|
Muv_ywbi KvR t
 B‡Ui gvK©v (Frog Mark) Dc‡ii w`‡K
_vK‡e|
 GKev‡i 4.50 dz‡Ui †ekx Muv_ybx †`qv
Pj‡e bv|
 `yB B‡Ui gvLLv‡b cwic~Y©fv‡e gmjv w`‡Z
n‡e|
 BU¸‡jv fvjfv‡e wfwR‡q wb‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z
Zv gmjvi cvwb †kvlY bv K‡i|

mvUvwis ˆZwi Kivi mgq mZK©Zv - 1 t
 wbg©vY Kv‡R mvUvwis LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
 Avgv‡`i †`‡k `yB ai‡bi mvUvi cvIqv
hvq| KvV ev euv‡ki mvUvwis I w÷j
mvUvwis|
 evi evi e¨eüZ GB me mvUvwis-Gi
fvienb ÿgZv K‡g hvq Ges euv‡ki
†VK‡b¸‡jv I `ye©j n‡q hvq|
 d‡j XvjvB‡qi gmjvi IR‡bi mvUvwis
†f‡½ c‡o †h‡Z cv‡i|
evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welq Ges mvaviY mZK©KZvmg~n
mvUvwis-2 mZK©Zvt
 mvUvwis cvwb‡ivax nq bv d‡j XvjvB‡qi
gmjv †_‡K cvwb PzB‡q †ewi‡q hvq| hvi
`iæb KbwµU k³ nIqvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq
cvwb Kg c‡o|
 XvjvB‡qi mgq mvUvwis-Gi Dci cwjw_b
wewQ‡q †bqv nq hv‡Z cvwbUv †ei n‡Z bv
cv‡i| GB cwjw_b e¨envi bv K‡i Kv‡Vi
Dci †cøbwkU w`‡q Zvi Dci PvUvB e¨envi
Kiv hvq|

mvUvwis-2 mZK©Zvt
 mvUvwis-Gi DaŸg~Lx mv‡c©vU wn‡m‡e †h euvk
e¨envi Kiv nq Zv mvaviYZ `kdzU nq bv|
GRb¨ euv‡ki wb‡P KvV ev BU w`‡q DPz Kiv
nq hv wVK bq| G‡Z mvUvwis `ye©j n‡q
c‡o| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î GB BU ev KvV m‡i hvq
d‡j euvk fvienb Kivi ÿgZv nvivq|
 euvk¸‡jv euvab nIqv Pj‡e bv|
 Qv‡`i mvUvwis Kgc‡ÿ 21 w`b ivL‡Z n‡e|

Kjvg XvjvB mZK©Zvt
 cÖwZ †d¬v‡i Kjvg¸‡jv mvaviYZ 10 dzU
D”PZi n‡q _v‡K|
 ivRwgw¯¿iv `ªæZ KvR Kivi Rb¨ Kjvg¸wj
9 dzU GK‡Î XvjvB K‡i _v‡K| hv AZ¨šÍ
ÿwZKi|
 Kjvg XvjvB Ki‡Z n‡e `yB av‡c|
 cÖ_‡g 4.50 dzU Ges Zvici evwK Ask
4.50 dzU|
 cÖwZ 1 e¨vM wm‡g‡›Ui Rb¨ XvjvB‡qi
m‡e©v”P 25 wjUvi cvwb e¨envi Kiv hv‡e|

Qv` XvjvB‡q mZK©Zvt
 cÖ_gZ wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ¸YMZgvb|
 evwj n‡Z n‡e `vbv`vi|
 e¨env‡ii c~‡e© evwj ay‡q †Qu‡K wb‡Z n‡e|
 †Lvqv n‡Z n‡e wewfbœ mvB‡Ri|
 e¨env‡ii c~‡e© †Lvqv fvjfv‡e wfwR‡q wb‡Z
n‡e|
 e¨env‡ii cvwb cwi¯‹vi n‡Z n‡e|
 wgkª‡Yi AbycvZ wVK ivL‡Z n‡e|
 cvwb I wm‡g‡›Ui AbycvZ wVK ivL‡Z n‡e|

cøv÷vwis Kv‡R mZK©Zvt
 cøvw÷vwis KL‡bv 1.5 Bw Gi †ekx nIqv
DwPZ bq|
 cøv÷vwis-Gi c~‡e© BU¸‡jvi Mv †_‡K gqjv
cwi¯‹vi K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
 wmwjs fvj K‡i wPwcs Ki‡Z n‡e|
 B‡Ui †`qv‡j cvwb w`‡q m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wfwR‡q
wb‡Z n‡e hv‡Z †`qvj cøv÷vi †_‡K cvwb
†kvlb Ki‡Z bv cv‡i|

iW evBwÛs-G mZK©Zvt
 wWRvBb Abyhvqx iW evBwÛs Ki‡Z n‡e|
 †¯úwms A_©vr `yBwU i‡Wi gvSLv‡b RvqMv
ivL‡Z n‡e gvcg‡Zv|
 wK¬qvi Kfvi wVK ivL‡Z n‡e| XvjvB‡qi
mgq †jev‡ii cv‡qi Pv‡c I av°vq
eøK¸‡jv m‡i †h‡Z cv‡i †mB Rb¨ e¨e¯’v
wb‡Z n‡e|
 `yB i‡Wi Rvwj †hb cÖ‡qvRbxq `yiæZ¡ eRvq
_v‡K|

13. 21 22
evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welq Ges mvaviY mZK©KZvmg~n
Rwg wbe©vPb Kivi mgq hv †`L‡Z n‡et
 Rwgi Ae¯’vb I AvKvi|
 Rwgi wewfbœ myweav|
 mvgvwRK welqvewj|
 Rwg µq Kivi c~‡e© gvwjKvbv Z_¨,
BZ¨vw`|

m‡qj †U÷ Kivi c~‡e© mvBU cwi`k©b Kiv DwPZt
 GjvKvi †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’v|
 gvwU †K‡U mwi‡q †bqv n‡q‡Q wKbv|
 f~wg a‡mi jÿY Av‡Q wKbv|
 Av‡k cv‡ki cvwbi D”PZv (b`x wKsev cyKz‡ii)|
 cvwb wb¯‹vkb e¨e¯’v, BZ¨vw`|

wgw¯¿ wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡et
 AwfÁZv, Avw_©K ¯^”QZv|
 A`ÿ kªwgK w`‡q KvR Kwi‡q †bIqvi
†hvM¨Zv|
 b·v Abyhvqx KvR Kivi mvg_©|
 Zvi †Kvb cÖvwZôvwbK cÖwkÿY Av‡Q wKbv|
 i‡Wi KvR Kivi AwfÁZv Av‡Q wKbv|

iW wgw¯¿ wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡et
 b·v Abyhvqx iW KvU‡Z cv‡i wKbv|
 b·v Abyhvqx iW euva‡Z cv‡i wKbv|
 AwfÁZv Av‡Q wKbv|
wet`ªt mvUvwis Gi Dci euv‡ki PvUvB †`Iqv †h‡Z
cv‡i| G‡Z Qv` LmL‡m n‡e, d‡j mvUvwis mnR
n‡e|

mu¨vZmu¨v‡Z (Dampness)-Gi Kvi‡Y
wbgœwjwLZ ÿwZ mvwaZ nqt
 cøv÷vi big n‡q dz‡j hvq|
 †`qv‡j is R¡‡j hvq I †Qvc †Qvc `vM c‡o|
 wewìs-Gi KvV c‡P dz‡j bó n‡q hvq|
 avZe wRwb‡m gwiPv c‡o I ÿqcÖvß nq|
 ˆe`y¨wZK wdwUsm bó nq|
 wewìs-G DuB‡cvKv evmv euv‡a|
 emev‡mi Rb¨ A¯^v¯’¨Ki cwi‡ek m„wó nq|
 wewìs-Gi BU, cv_i, UvBjm Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í
Ly‡j hvq|

†j-AvDU †`qvi wbqgt
 AvqZvKvi ev eM©vKvi GKwU evwoi Rb¨ †h
†Kvb GKwU KY©vi wVK Ki‡j †j-AvDU ïiæ
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 GKwU KY©vi we›`y wVK Kiv|
 we›`ywU evwoi †h †Kvb w`‡K 3 dzU ev 3
wgUvi †bqv|
 Aci w`‡K 4 dzU ev 4 wgUvi †bqv|
 †KvYv wVK _vK‡j `yB cÖvšÍ we›`yi `~iZ¡ 5
dzU ev 5 wgUvi n‡Z n‡e|
 GB c×wZ 3t4t5 c×wZ bv‡g cwiwPZ|

cvwb wKDwis- cvwb wKDwis-Gi wewfbœ cÖKvi
Dcvq Av‡Q t
 cy‡iv Qv` cvwb w`‡q Wywe‡q wKDwis Kiv|
 cyKzi ˆZwi K‡i|
 NbNb cvwb wQwU‡q|
 †fRv AveiY Rwo‡q|
 ev‡®úi gva¨‡g|

evwoi wcøš’/†d¬vi †j‡fj (wc.Gj) wbY©qt
 wcøbš’ †j‡fj wbY©q Ki‡Z KZK¸‡jv welq
jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡et
 eb¨vi cvwb m‡e©v”P D”PZv|
 wbKU¯’ iv¯Ívi m‡e©v”P D”PZv|
 wbKU¯’ evwoi wcøš’ †j‡fj|
 gvwUi †j‡fj BZ¨vw`|
wet`ªt wcøš’ †j‡fj mvaviYZ wbKU¯’ iv¯Ívi D”PZv
†_‡K 1 dzU 6 Bw †_‡K 2 dzU D”PZv wewkó
n‡q _v‡K|
evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq welq Ges mvaviY mZK©KZvmg~n
Av`k© KbwµU wgkª‡Yi bgybv wb‡gœ †`Iqv n‡jvt
KbwµU wgkªY Kv‡Ri weeiY AbycvZ wbgœwjwLZ Kvi‡Y mwVK †fw›U‡jkb Avek¨Kt
 evZvm PjvPj Pvjy Kiv|
 Kve©b-WvB A·vBW Rg‡Z euvav †`q|
 `vn¨ M¨vm Rgv cÖwZ‡iva Kiv|
 gqjv I e¨vK‡Uwiqvevnx e¯‘ Rg‡Z bv †`qv|
 wewìs g¨v‡Uwiqvj †_‡K D™fzZ `yM©Ü `~i
Kiv|
 emevmKvix‡`i Mv‡qi Zvc `~i Kiv
emevmKvix‡`i Øviv D™fzZ †auvqv, MÜ I Nvg
BZ¨vw` evB‡i †ei K‡i †`qv|
 Av`ª©Zv cÖwZ‡iva Kiv BZ¨vw`|
dvD‡Ûkb Ges gvm KbwµU (1t3t6)
Aviwmwm (RCC) KbwµU (1t2t4)
cvwb cÖwZ‡ivax ¯’vcbv‡Z (1t1.5t3)
wcÖ‡óªm Kbwµ‡Ui Kv‡R (1t1t2)
W¨v¤ú cÖæd †Kvm© (D.P.C) (1t1.5t3)
MÖvDÛ †d¬vi KbwµU (1t3t6)
1 †_‡K 1.5 cyiæ (†c‡U›U †÷vb) (1t2t4)
hw` DuB‡cvKvi evmv Avwe®‹…Z nq Z‡e - wbgœwjwLZ
ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb w`‡q DuB‡cvKv gvi‡Z n‡et
1) wW.wW.wU-5% 2) we.GBP.Gm-0.5%
3) AvjwWªb-0.25% 4) †ncUv‡K¬vi-0.25%
5) †K¬v‡i‡Wb-0.5% 6) cvwb-93.5%
wet`ªt cÖwZ Nb wgUv‡i DuB‡cvKvi evmvi Rb¨ D³
`ªe‡Yi Pvi wjUvi cÖ‡qvRb| DuB‡cvKvi evmvq
†µv-evi w`‡q MZ© K‡i GB jeY XzKv‡Z n‡e|
1 cyiæ †gvRvBK †em ev Zjv (1t2t4)
`iRv-Rvbvjvi †d«g AvUKv‡bvi gkjv (1t2t4)
wMÖ‡ji †d«g AvUKv‡bvi gkjv (1t2t4)
m¨v‡bUvix cvBc KbwµU (1t3t6)
†Wªb-wc‡Ui KbwµU †em ev Zjv (1t3t6)
†mcwUK U¨v‡¼i KbwµU (1t2t4)
†mcwUK U¨v‡¼i Qv` (1t2t4)
wKDwis Kivi mgq I wbqgt
Kv‡Ri weeiY
wKDwis
Kivi mgq
hZw`b
Ki‡Z n‡e
RjQv`
cÖ‡qvRbxqZvt
wewìs-Gi m‡e©v”P
Zjvi Qv`‡K †iv`-
e„wói nvZ †_‡K
iÿvi Rb¨ Ges
N‡ii ZvcgvÎv‡K
wbqš¿‡Y ivLvi Rb¨
Qv‡`i Dci Pzb,
myiwK I †Luvqvi
mvnv‡h¨ 3 Bw cy‡iv
GKwU Avjv`v
Av¯ÍiY †`Iqv nq|
G‡K RjQv` e‡j|
gvm KbwµU dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡R (1t3t6) 20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
B‡Ui Muv_ywbi Kv‡R 20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
W¨v¤ú-cÖæd‡Kvm©(DPC) wm‡g›U (1t2t4) 20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
wj‡›Uj, mvb‡mW 20 N›Uv ci 28 w`b ch©šÍ
Qv` XvjvB‡qi KvR 20 N›Uv ci 28 w`b ch©šÍ
†d¬vi XvjvB‡qi KvR (1t2t4) 20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
†c‡U›U †÷vb wm‡g›U KbwµU (1t2t4) 15 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
mKj cøv÷v‡ii KvR 20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
†gvRvBK †d¬v‡ii KvR 12 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
†bU wm‡g›U ¯‹vwUs KvR 12 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
RjQv‡`i KvR 24 N›Uv ci 16 w`b ch©šÍ

14. 23 24

(*) wcøš’ Gwiqv †iU (Aviwmwm †d«g Abyhvqx) t
(K) [wc.WweøD.wW. (PWD) wmwWDj †iU- †g, 2018 Bs Abyhvqx]
bs eY©bv `i (†iU) UvKv
(wcøš’ Gwiqv †iU)
(1) evwoi dvD‡Ûkb As‡ki †iU (dzwUs/g¨vU dvD‡Ûkb, wcøš’ †j‡fj ch©šÍ)t
(K) 1g Zjv fe‡bi dvD‡Ûkb †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 7,684 UvKv
(L) 2q Zjv fe‡bi dvD‡Ûkb †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 8,511 UvKv
(M) 3q Zjv fe‡bi dvD‡Ûkb †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 9,581 UvKv
(N) 4_© Zjv fe‡bi dvD‡Ûkb †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 10,847 UvKv
(O) 5g Zjv fe‡bi dvD‡Ûkb †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 12,421 UvKv
(2) evwoi mycvi-óªvKPvi As‡ki †iU (dvD‡Ûkb ev‡`)
(K) 1g Zjv (MÖvDÛ †d¬vi) fe‡bi †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 22,089 UvKv
(L) 2q Zjv fe‡bi (†d¬vi) †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 22,421 UvKv
(M) 3q Zjv fe‡bi (†d¬vi) †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 22,757 UvKv
(N) 4_© Zjv fe‡bi (†d¬vi) †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 23,098 UvKv
(O) 5g Zjv fe‡bi (†d¬vi) †iU cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 23,445 UvKv
(3) RjQv` Ges c¨viv‡cU
(K) RjQv` Ges c¨viv‡c‡Ui e¨q
(Uc †d¬v‡ii mv‡_ †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e|)
cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 2,865 UvKv
(4) m¨vwbUvix KvR
evwoi wfZi cvwb mieivn I m¨vwbUvix
Kv‡Ri e¨q|
cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 1,520 UvKv
(5) B‡jKwUªK¨vj KvR
evwoi wfZi B‡jKwUªK¨vj Kv‡Ri e¨q| cÖwZ eM©wgUv‡i 2,135 UvKv
AwZwi³ Aa¨vq-1


* wbg©vY mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi mvaviY mZK©Zvmg~n t

 mwVK dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb Ges mwVK e¨q wba©vi‡Y gvwU cixÿv (m‡qj
†U÷) AZ¨vekK|
 wbg©vY mvB‡U gvwU cixÿv e¨ZxZ evwoi dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb m¤¢e bv|
 ZvB evwoi ÷ªvKPvivj wWRvBb ˆZix Kivi c~‡e© AwfÁ wmwfj
BwÄwbqvi KZ…©K mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi wi‡cvU© cÖ‡qvRb nq|
 ÷ªvKPvivBj BwÄwbqvi D³ m‡qj †U÷ wi‡cvU© cixÿv K‡i evwoi
dvD‡Ûkb mvBR I MfxiZv BZ¨vw` wWRvBb K‡i _v‡Kb|
 mwVK AvKv‡ii dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb Ges mwVK e¨q wba©vi‡Y wbg©vY
mvB‡Ui m‡qj †U÷ AZ¨vek¨K|
 m‡qj †U÷ KvR m¤úv`‡bi c~‡e© mvBU cwi`k©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
 †Kvb wbPz RvqMv wKsev fivU gvwUi RvqMvq wbg©vY Kv‡R Aek¨B †evwis
†U÷ (m‡qj †U÷) Ki‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûkb dzwUs wWRvBb Kivi c~‡e© gvwUi wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv
(†md weqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) Rvbv _vK‡Z n‡e|
 gvwUi MÖnY†hvM¨ fvienb ÿgZv (‡eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) mvaviYZ gvwU
cixÿv Ges †U÷ †evwis Gi jM Aa¨qb K‡i wbiƒcb Kiv nq|
 wkjvgvwU (iK gvwU) dvD‡Ûkb mvgMÖx wnmv‡e mePvB‡Z fvj Dcv`vb|
 evjy I b~wo (†MÖ‡fj) dvD‡Ûkb mvgMÖx wnmv‡e †ek fvj|
 wWRvBb Abymv‡i mvB‡U †h RvqMv‡Z wewìs wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e, †mB
RvqMvq m‡qj †U÷ Kiv‡Z n‡e|

* mvBU/wewìs Gi †j-AvDU Kv‡R mZKZ©v t

 weª‡Ki wewìs n‡j †`qvj Ges Kjvg- we‡gi wewìs‡q Kjv‡gi Ae¯’vb
mwVK Kivi Rb¨ †j-AvDU Ki‡Z nq|
 †j-AvDU wbLyuZ nIqv `iKvi, KviY Gi Dci wbf©i K‡iB dvD‡Ûkb
Ges Dc‡ii mycvi÷ªvKPvi n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûkb Askmg~n g~jZ gvwUi wbP †_‡K wcø¯’ ch©šÍ KvR|

15. 25 26
 wewìs Gi cÖavb Ask `ywU t
o mve ÷ªvKPvi/ dvD‡Ûkb Askmg~n Ges
o mycvi÷ªvKPvi/ wcøš’ †_‡K Dc‡ii Askmg~n

* dvD‡Ûkb/mve÷ªvKPv‡i hv _v‡K t

 dvD‡Ûkb, †mcwUK U¨vsK, †MÖW weg, IqvUvi wiRvifv©i I gvwUi
wb‡Pi Ask, BZ¨vw`|
* mycvi ÷ªvKPv‡i hv _v‡Kt
 †`qvj, Kjvg, weg, Qv`, wmwo, BZ¨vw`|
 evwo wbg©v‡bi Rb¨ Rwg wbevP©b LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
 Rwg †Kbvi Av‡M †ek wKQz w`K hvPvB K‡i †bqv `iKvi|
 evwoi †em‡g‡›Ui †`qvj 10Bw weªK Iqvj A_ev Kbwµ‡Ui n‡Z
n‡e|
 †em‡g‡›U e„wói cvwb XzK‡Z †`qv hv‡e bv|
 myqv‡iR jvBb mwVKfv‡e emv‡Z n‡e|
* dvD‡Ûk‡bi Rb¨ gvwU †Lvuov mZK©Zv I cÖ‡qvRbxq welqmg~nt
 Kjvg- weg-÷ªvKPvi n‡j, Kjv‡gi RvqMv¸‡jv‡Z AvqZKvi ev
eM©vKvi MZ© Ki‡Z n‡e|
 weªK ÷ªvKPvi n‡j, †`qvj jvBb a‡i Uvbv MZ© Ki‡Z nq|
 M‡Z©i MfxiZv wWRvBb BwÄwbqvi m‡qj‡U÷ wi‡cvU© †`‡L wVK K‡i
†`‡eb|
 M‡Z©i Zj Aek¨B †j‡fj n‡Z n‡e|
 MZ© Kivi ci gvwU Lyu‡o Zv GK`g wKbv‡i ivLv hv‡e bv †hb XvjvB‡qi
mv‡_ gvwU bv wg‡k hvq|
 MZ©K…Z As‡k †cvKvgvKo ev DBu‡cvKvi Aw¯ÍZ¡ cvIqv †M‡j Zv
†KwgK¨vj w`‡q aŸsm K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûkb gvwU KvUvi mgq cÖ‡qvR‡b ewjø w`‡q A_ev wkU cvBwjs K‡i
A_ev Shoring K‡i Pvicv‡ki gvwU A_ev †`qvj iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|
* evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡R mZK©Zv t
 †hLv‡b gvwU‡Z fvienb ÿgZv †bB, †mLv‡b cvBwjs ev cvBj
dvD‡Ûkb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Rjve× GjvKv‡ZI big gvwUi Kvi‡Y cvBwjs Ki‡Z n‡e|
 m‡qj †U÷ Ki‡jB Kx ai‡bi dvD‡Ûkb jvM‡e Zv wbwðZ nIqv
hv‡e|
* Kjvg dvD‡Ûk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq welqmg~n t
 Kjv‡gi RvqMv¸‡jvi †j-AvDU K‡i †mLv‡b Kjv‡gi †eR ˆZix Kiv
nq|
 wcøš’ †j‡fj ch©šÍ Kjvg XvjvB w`‡q Zvici †MÖWweg XvjvB †`Iqv
nq|
 MÖvDÛ †d¬vi weg‡K †MÖW weg e‡j|
 cÖwZ †d¬v‡iB Kjvg Ges weg Gi mvnv‡h¨ MÖxW jvBb ˆZix Kiv nq|
 we‡gi Dci w`‡q †`qv‡ji Mv_yuwb †`qv nq|

* weªK dvD‡Ûk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq welqmg~n (mZK©Zv) t
 gvwU fvj gv‡bi n‡j G c×wZ‡Z 4 Zjv ch©šÍ feb wbg©vY Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i|
 gvwU †K‡U Mfx‡i MZ© K‡i B‡Ui mwjs, Zvici KbwµU XvjvB K‡i
B‡Ui Mv_yuwb n‡q _v‡K|
 weªK dvD‡Ûk‡b cy‡iv Mv_yuwb 10Bw K‡i n‡q Dc‡i D‡V hv‡e|

* cvBj dzwUs Gi cÖ‡qvRbxq welqmg~n t
 cvBj `yB iKg n‡Z cv‡i t
o wcÖ - Kv÷ cvBj Ges
o Kv÷- Bb-wmUz cvBj
(1) wcÖ- Kv÷ cvBj t Bnv Av‡MB ˆZixK…Z Ges Zv mvB‡U mivmwi
¯’vcb Kiv nq|
(2) Kv÷-Bb-wmUz cvBjt G c×wZ‡Z mvB‡UB cvBj cÖ¯‘Z I ¯’vcb
Kiv nq|

16. 27 28
* evwoi †`qv‡j W¨v‡¤úi mZK©Zv I KviY t
 dvD‡Ûkb †_‡K cvwb †`qv‡ji mvnvh¨ Dc‡i D‡V Av‡m|
 myqv‡iR ev cvwb mieivn jvB‡b wQ`ª _vKvi Kvi‡Y W¨v¤ú nq|
 BZ¨vw`|

* mvBU †j-AvDU †`Iqvi mgq mZK©Zv t
 evwoi evwn‡ii gvc wVK Av‡Q wKbv †`L‡Z n‡e|
 Kb©vi ¸‡jv wVKg‡Zv gvc wb‡Z n‡e|
 mwVKfv‡e †j-AvDU †`qv bv n‡j wewìs Gi AvK…wZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q
hv‡e|

* dvD‡Ûkb gvwU KvUvi mgq mZK©Zv t
 cv‡ki evwoi †`qvj †hb †f‡½ bv c‡o †mRb¨ wkU cvBwjs/‡mvi
cvBwjs Ki‡Z n‡e|
 gvwU †K‡U M‡Z©i wKbviv †_‡K `~‡i ivL‡Z n‡e †hb XvjvB‡qi mv‡_
gvwU bv wg‡k hvq|

* cvBwjs Kivi mgq mZK©Zvt
 Kv÷-Bb-wmUz cvBwjs Gi †ÿ‡Î †m›Uvi wVK ivL‡Z n‡e, Zv bv n‡j
Kjv‡gi Ae¯’vb m‡i hv‡e|

* dvD‡Ûkb XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R mZK©Zv t
 gvwU †K‡U mwjs w`‡q Zvi Dci Avi.wm.wm. XvjvB w`‡Z n‡e|
 Avi.wm.wm. wb‡P cwjw_b †`Iqv hv‡e bv|

* dvD‡Ûkb t mvaviYZ gvwUi bx‡P Amg †m‡Uj‡gb‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i|
 K¤^vBÛ dzwUs t dzwUs G hLb `yBwU Kjvg KvQvKvwQ Ae¯’vb K‡i, ZLb
K¤^vBÛ dzwUs e¨envi Kiv nq|
 hLb cÖcvwU jvBb Kjv‡gi Lye KvQvKvwQ _v‡K ZLb K¤^vBÛ dzwUs
e¨envi Kiv nq|

* g¨vU/i¨vdU dvD‡Ûkb t
GB dvD‡Ûkb ZLbB e¨envi Kiv nq hLb AeKvVv‡gvi wb‡Pi gvwU AZ¨šÍ
`ye©j/big Ges hLb †Kvb cvBj e¨envi Kiv nq bv|
 fvix AeKvVv‡gvi fi/IRb Ges mvB‡Ui gvwU hLb Kg/¯^í †eqvwis
K¨vcvwmwU _v‡K ZLbB g¨vU/i¨vdU dvD‡Ûkb mZK©Zvi mv‡_ e¨envi
Kiv nq|

* †mvi cvBj t
gvwU KvUvi mgq mvB‡Ui Pvwiw`‡Ki gvwU/ AeKvVv‡gv/ ‡`qvj/ BZ¨vw` iÿvi
Rb¨ †h cvBj wbgv©Y Kiv nq, Zv‡K †mvi cvBj e‡j|

* cvBj dvD‡Ûk‡bi e¨env‡i mZK©Zvmg~n t hLb gvwUi m&͇i †eqvwis
K¨vcvwmwU Mfxi Ae¯’vq cvIqv hvq ZLb cvBj dvD‡Ûkb e¨envi Kiv nq|
 hLb mve-m‡qj-G- cvwbi †j‡fj e¨vcK AvKv‡i DVvbvgv K‡i, ZLb
cvBj dvD‡Ûkb e¨envi Kiv nq|
 cvBj †Kc G mvaviYZ ÷xj mvUv©i e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|
 Kjvg Ges wi‡UBwbs Iqv‡j mvaviYZ ÷xj mvUvi e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|
 KbwµU cvB‡j 100% wm‡jU evjy e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
 `ÿ wiMg¨vbmn cvBj wbg©vY wUg (`j) wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cvBj †jvW †U÷ Gi (Pile load Test) Gi gva¨‡g P~ovšÍ fvienb
ÿgZv I gvwUi ms‡KvPb gvcv hvq|

* KbwµU cvBj wbg©v‡Yi mZK©Zv t
cvBj †nvj wQ`ª Kivi mgq gv‡S gv‡S gvwUi ¸bv¸‡bi Kvi‡Y †Kwes
ev MZ© ˆZix nq, ZvB cvBj †nvj wQ`ª Kivi mgq jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e
†Kvwes ev MZ© ˆZix hv‡Z †ekx bv nq| hw` nq Z‡e Dnvi mgm¨v
mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|

* †d¬vi mZK©xKiY t
†`qv‡ji wfZi Ges evwn‡ii evjyi cwie‡Z© gvwU †`qv DwPZ bq, Zv‡Z
gvwU ms‡KvwPZ n‡q †d¬vi †d‡U hv‡e|
 evwj wbg©v‡Yi mgq dvD‡Ûkb gvwU‡Z welv³ K¨vwg‡Kjm wgwk‡q
DBu‡qi nvZ †_‡K †g‡S (‡d¬vi) iÿv cvIqv hvq|

* f~-Mf©¯’ †d¬v‡ii wb‡P cvwbi U¨vsK wbg©v‡Y mZK©Zv t f~-Mf©¯’ wmwuo N‡ii wb‡P
Avi.wm.wm. KbwµU cvwbi U¨vs‡Ki †`qv‡ji Dfq cv‡k¦© cvWjy A_ev cvwbi
wbeviK K¤úvDÛ wm‡g›U wgwkÖZ K‡i cÖ‡jc w`‡Z n‡e|

17. 29 30
 KbwµU XvjvB Kivi w`b AvenvIqv my®‹ I fv‡jv Av‡Q wKbv Zv jÿ¨
ivL‡Z n‡e|
 XvjvB‡qi ci wKDwis Kiv t XvjvB †kl nIqvi 24 N›Uv ci D³
¯’vbmg~n (mgq Abyhvqx) cvwb‡Z wfwR‡q wKDwis Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cvBj †jvW †U÷ (hw` cª‡qvRb nq)t mveav‡b Ki‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûk‡b gvwU KvUv I gvwU fiv‡Ui KvR mveav‡b Ki‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûk‡b gvwU KvUvi mgq mvBU wKbviv iÿvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
 gvwUi Zjvi cvwbi wb®‹vkb Ges wbqš¿‡bi e¨e¯’v mveav‡b Ki‡Z n‡e|
 mvB‡U wKbviv I cvk¦©eZx© gvwU iÿv †`qvj BZ¨vw` KvRmg~n
mveav‡b/mZK©Zvi mwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 fivU gvwU‡Z †g‡S (‡d¬v‡ii) XvjvB Gi c~‡e© Kgc‡ÿ 1.5 gvmmgq
Kgc¨vKkb Ki‡Z n‡e|

* dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡R Ab¨vb¨ mZK©Zvmg~nt
 Rwgi †j‡f‡j Uvbv-weg/ UvBweg ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûk‡b big BU e¨envi Kiv DwPZ bq|
 wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ wmwo N‡ii wb‡P cvwbi U¨vsK ¯’vcb Kiv nq|
 wf‡Zi ˆZix K‡ÿi RvqMvq wfU evwj w`‡q fwZ©KiY me©‡Ëvg|
 evwo wbg©v‡Y Rwg eb¨vi cvwbi m‡e©vP †j‡fj †_‡K DPz GjvKvq wKsev
DPz †j‡f‡j n‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûkb Muv_ywbi KvR wfUv ch©šÍ DVvi ci W¨v¤ú-cÖæd-†Kvm© emv‡Z
n‡e|
 evwoi dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡ivamn n‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûk‡bi Rb¨ KvUv M‡Z©i cvo hv‡Z †f‡½ bv c‡o †mw`‡K †Lqvj
ivL‡Z n‡e|
 †`qvj, †g‡S, †em‡g›U‡K W¨v¤ú cÖæwds †g‡Uwiqvj Øviv Av`ª©vZv gy³
ivL‡Z n‡e|
 Mvu_ywbi KvR f~wgi Dci D‡V †M‡j ÷ªvKPvi Ges Gi Pvicv‡ki MZ©
gvwU w`‡q f‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûkb †`qvj †_‡K cvwb †`qv‡ji mvnvh¨ Dc‡i D‡V Av‡m|
 BZ¨vw`|
ivR wgw¯¿i Ges iW wgw¯¿i KvR (A‡±vei, 2018 Bs)t
bs KvR (AvB‡Ug) cwigvY UvKv
1 †j-AvDU PvR© cÖwZ 100 GmGdwU 240-320
2 gvwU `yigyR I †j‡ewjs (6 cyiæ) Ó 8
3 3 weªK d¬vU mwjs Ó 240-320
4 Aviwmwm weg, Kjvg, †em XvjvB I wmuwo XvjvB cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU 1,200-1,280
5 Qv` XvjvB Ó 1,920-2,400
6 10 Muv_wb Ó 1,040-1,360
7 5 Muv_wb GmGdwU 640-880
8 wjb‡Uj XvjvB cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU/
AviGdwU
1,360-2,000
9 †iwjs, WªcIqvj, RjQv`, mvb‡mW XvjvB cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU 2,400
10 †PŠKvV wdwUs †QvU/eo, MÖæc KuvUvmn cÖwZ wcP 224
11 Rvbvjvi MÖxj wdwUs MÖæc KuvUvmn cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU 960
12 eviv›`vi MÖxj wdwUs MÖæc KuvUvmn Ó 960
13 wmwjs Av¯Íi wPwcsmn Ó 680-800
14 Iqvj Av¯Íi cwi®‹vi I wPwcsmn GmGdwU 560-720
15 Rid †Kvejv I RjcwUª MÖæc KuvUvmn cÖwZ 100 AviGdwU 680
16 wmwm XvjvB cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU 800-960
17 †d¬vi XvjvB wPwcsmn GmGdwU 800-960
18 †bU wdwbwms GmGdwU 240-320
19 Avi wm wm wPwcs GmGdwU 160-280
20 PvUvB I cwjw_b weQv‡bv Ges †Lvjv GmGdwU 400-480
21 ¯‹©vwUs GmGdwU 80-160
22 †fw›U‡jUi wdwUs cÖwZ wcP 40
23 †Kvjvcwmej †MBU wdwUs Ó 800
24 †gBb †MU wdwUs GmGdwU 1,280
25 mvUvwis, †m›Uvwis (M‡o) cÖwZ 100 GmGdwU 1,360-1,600
26 iƒcevb wmU gviv cÖwZ AviGdwU 80
27 Gg Gm iW KvwUs/†mvRv/evavB Kiv n›`i 224-320
28 d¨vb ûK cÖwZ wcP 29-32
29 †Lvqv Pvjv Ges †avqv cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU 400-480
30 evjy Pvjv Ges †avqv Ó 288-320
we:`ª: wewfbœ A‡ji Rb¨ D³ `i Kg/†ewk n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZ Zjvq kZKiv †gvU we‡ji Dci
10% nv‡i evowZ _vK‡e|

18. 31 32
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
evwo wbg©v‡Y
KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq (MvwYwZK) m~Î

[3-1] †gwUªK I dzU c×wZ Ges Dnv‡`i BDwbU (GKK) t
GLv‡b ˆ`N©¨-cÖ¯’, †ÿÎ (Gwiqv), AvqZb BZ¨vw` GKK (BDwbU) †gwUªK I dzU
c×wZ wb‡gœ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv t
µwgK bs GK‡Ki weeiY †gwUªK c×wZ (GKK) dzU c×wZ (GKK)
(1) ˆ`‡N©¨i GKK (Length) †mwg (cm)
wgUvi (m)
Bw (inch)
dzU (ft)
(2) †ÿ‡Îi (Area) GKK eM© †m.wg. (cm
2
)
eM© wgUvi (m
2
)
eM© Bw (in
2
)
eM© dzU (ft
2
)
(3) AvqZ‡bi (Volume) GKK wKDweK wgUvi (m
3
) wKDweK dzU (ft
3
)
(wm.Gd.wU)
(4) IR‡bi (Weight) GKK †KwR (kg) cvDÛ (Ib)
(5) Pv‡ci (Stress) GKK †KwR/eM©‡mwg (kg/cm
2
) cvDÛ/eM©BwÂ
(Ib/in
2
)
(6) kw³i (Energy) GKK Ak¦kw³ (HP) Ak¦kw³ (HP)
(7) Nb‡Z¡i (Density) GKK †KwR/wKDweK-wgUvi
(kg/m
3
)
cvDÛ/wKDweK-dzU
(Ib/cft)

[3-2] dzU c×wZ †_‡K †gwUªK c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ GKK t

dzU c×wZ †_‡K †gwUªK c×wZ (GKK) †gwUªK c×wZ †_‡K dzU c×wZ (GKK)
ˆ`‡N©¨i cwigvc (Length) t
1 Bw = 25.4 wg.wg.
= 2.54 †m.wg.
ˆ`‡N©¨i cwigvc (Length) t
1 wgUvi = 39.37 BwÂ
= 3.28 dzU
ˆ`‡N©¨i cwigvc (Length) t
1 dzU = 304.80 wg.wg.
= 300 wg.wg.
= 30.48 †m.wg.
ˆ`‡N©¨i cwigvc (Length) t
1 wK‡jvwgUvi= 3280.83 dzU
= 0.621 gvBj
ˆ`‡N©¨i cwigvc (Length) t
1 gvBj = 1609.34 wgUvi
= 1.6093 wK‡jvwgUvi
ˆ`‡N©¨i cwigvc (Length) t
1 wK‡jvwgUvi = 0.621 gvBj
dzU c×wZ †_‡K †gwUªK c×wZ (GKK) †gwUªK c×wZ †_‡K dzU c×wZ (GKK)
†ÿ‡Îi cwigvc (Gwiqv) t
1 GKi = 4,046.86 eM©wgUvi
= 0.4047 †n±i
†ÿ‡Îi cwigvc (Gwiqv) t
1 eM©wgUvi = 10.764 eM©dzU
1 †n±i = 10,000 eM©wgUvi
= 1,07,638.7 eM©dzU
= 2.471 GKi
†ÿ‡Îi cwigvc (Gwiqv) t
1 eM©gvBj = 259 †n±i
= 2.590 eM© wK. wg.
= 640 GKi
†ÿ‡Îi cwigvc (Gwiqv) t
1 eM© wK‡jvwgUvi
= 10,763,867.36 eM©dzU
= 247.1045 GKi
= 0.3861 eM©gvBj
AvqZ‡bi cwigvc (Volume) t
1 NbdzU = 0.0283 wKDweK wgUvi
AvqZ‡bi cwigvc (Volume) t
1 wKDweK wgUvi = 35.315 wKDweK dzU
(wmGdwU)
IR‡bi cwigvc (Weight) t
1 gb (md) = 37.324 †KwR
1 cvDÛ (Ib) = 0.4536 †KwR
1 n›`i (cwt) = 0.504 KzB›Uvj
1 Ub = 1.016 †gwUªK Ub
1 KzB›Uvj = 100 †KwR
1 n›`i = 112 cvDÛ
= 50 †KwR
IR‡bi cwigvc (Weight) t
1 †KwR = 2.204 cvDÛ
1 KzB›Uvj = 1.98 n›`i
1 Ub (UK) = 2240 cvDÛ
1 Ub (US) = 2000 cvDÛ
1 ‡gwUªK Ub = 1000 ‡KwR

GKK ˆ`N©¨ IRb t
1 cvDÛ/dzU = 1.48 †KwR/wgUvi
GKK ˆ`N©¨ IRb t
1 †KwR/wgUvi = 0.672 cvDÛ/dzU
ej (Force) / ej (Pressure) t
1 wcGmAvB (psi) = 0.07 †KwR/eM©
†m. wg
1 cvDÛ/eM© dzU = 4.882
†KwR/eM©wgUvi
ej (Force) / ej (Pressure) t
1 †KwR /eM© †m.wg. = 14.28 wcGmAvB
(psi)
1 GgwcG (MPa) = 145.038
wcGmAvB (psi)
1 †KwR/eM©wgUvi = 0.205 cvDÛ/eM© dzU
Nb‡Z¡i cwigvc (Density) t
1 cvDÛ/NbdzU = 16.08 †KwR/wKDweK
wgUvi
Nb‡Z¡i cwigvc (Density) t
1 †KwR/wKDweK wgUvi = 0.062
cvDÛ/Nb dzU
f~wgi cwigvc (Gwiqv) t
1 GKi = 0.4047 †n±i
= 43560 GmGdwU
f~wgi cwigvc (Gwiqv) t
1 †n±i = 2.471 GKi
= 1000 eM©wgUvi
D”PZvi cwigvc t
1 dzU = 0.305 wgUvi
D”PZvi cwigvc t
1 wgUvi = 3.281 dzU

19. 33 34




(1) AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj (Area of Rectangle) = ˆ`N©¨  cÖ¯’
(2) wÎfz‡Ri †ÿÎdj (Area of Triangle) = ½ f~wg  D”PZv
(3) eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj (Area of Square) = (evû  evû)
(4) i¤^‡mi †ÿÎdj (Area of Rhombus) = ½ d1 d2
(GLv‡b, d1 I d2 i¤^‡mi `yBwU KY©)
(5) UªvwcwRqv‡gi †ÿÎdj (Area of Trapezium)
= ½ (mgvšÍivj evûi †hvMdj  Dnv‡`i j¤^ `~iZ¡)
(6) e„‡Ëi †ÿÎdj = /4D
2
= r
2
D=e„‡Ëi e¨vm
e„‡Ëi cwiwa = D (GLv‡b, r = e„‡Ëi e¨mva©)
(7) AvqZKvi Nbe¯‘i AvqZb (Volume of Rectangular Solid)=
(ˆ`N©¨  cÖ¯’  D”PZv)
(8) wmwjÛv‡ii AvqZb (Volume of Cylinder) = r
2
h

(GLv‡b, r = wmwjÛv‡ii e¨mva© Ges h = e„‡Ëi e¨mva©)
(9) †Kv‡Yi AvqZb (Volume of Cone) =
1
/3r
2
h
(10) †Mvj‡Ki AvqZb =
3
/4r
3
h
(GLv‡b, r = †Mvj‡Ki e¨mva© Ges h = D”PZv)
(11) wcivwg‡Wi AvqZb =
1
/3 area of Base  Height
=
1
/3 (f~-Z‡ji) †ÿÎdj  D”PZv
(12) Curved surface of cylinder=2rh
(wmwjÛv‡ii eµZj)
(13) Area of para bola =
2
/3 of the base  Height
(c¨viv‡evjvi †ÿÎdj)
(14) Area of Semi-parabolic cone =
2
/3 of the base  Height
(†mwg-c¨viv‡evwjK e‡µi †ÿÎdj)
(15) Ellipse: Area=ab (where a=
1
/2 magor axis,
b=
1
/2 minor axis)
(Bwjc‡mi †ÿÎdj)
(16) Length of arc = 3
28 ab (where b is the chord of half the arc and
2a is the span)
(Av‡K©i ˆ`N¨)

[3-4] evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq m~Î t
KwZcq wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cÖ‡qvRbxq gvjvgvj I wg¯¿xi msL¨v mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(1) 100 GmGdwU (SFT) weªK mwjs B‡Ui Kv‡R t
(K) B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 300 Lvbv
(L) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 5 wKDweK wgUvi (wfwU evjy)
(M) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 1/2 Rb
(N) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 2 Rb
(2) 100 GmGdwU (SFT) B‡Ui †nwis eb eÛ Kv‡R t
(K) B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 500 Lvbv
(L) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 10 wmGdwU (wfwU evjy)
(M) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 1 Rb
(N) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 2 Rb
(3)
100 GmGdwU (SFT) Iqv‡j 5 (cuvP) Bw (1t4) Abycv‡Z B‡Ui
Muv_ybxi Kv‡R t
(K) B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 500 Lvbv
(L) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 3 e¨vM
(M) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 13 wmGdwU (wfwU evjy)
(N) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 2.5 Rb
(O) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 4 Rb
(4)
100 wmGdwU (CFT) 10 (`k) Bw (1t6) Abycv‡Z B‡Ui Muv_ybxi
Kv‡R t
(K) B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 1150 Lvbv (cÖ_g †kªYxi BU)
(L) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 4 e¨vM
(M) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 30 wmGdwU (Muv_ybxi †jvKvj evjy)
(N) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 4 Rb
(O) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 6 Rb
[3-3] evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq cÖ‡qvRbxq (MvwYwZK) m~Î t

20. 35 36
(5)
100 wmGdwU (CFT) wm‡g›U KbwµU (CC) Ges (1t3t6) Abycv‡Z
XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R t
(K) †Lvqv/wPcm cÖ‡qvRb = 90 wmGdwU
(L) A_ev, B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 450 Lvbv
(M) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 13 e¨vM
(N) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 40 wmGdwU (XvjvB‡qi evjy)
(O) cvwb cÖ‡qvRb = 20-25 wjUvi cÖwZ e¨vM wm‡g›U
(P) ivRwg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 2 Rb
(Q) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 6 Rb
(6)
100 wmGdwU (CFT) Aviwmwm (RCC) Ges (1t2t4) Abycv‡Z
XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R t
(K) †Lvqv cÖ‡qvRb = 90 wmGdwU
(L) A_ev, B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 850 Lvbv
(M) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 18 e¨vM
(N) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 45 wmGdwU (XvjvB‡qi evjy)
(O) cvwb cÖ‡qvRb = 20-25 wjUvi cÖwZ e¨vM wm‡g›U
(P) ivRwg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 2 Rb
(Q) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 6 Rb
(7)
100 wmGdwU (CFT) Aviwmwm (RCC) Ges (1t1.5t3) AbycvZ
XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R t
(K) †Lvqv/wPcm cÖ‡qvRb = 84 wmGdwU
(L) A_ev, B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 850 Lvbv
(M) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 22 e¨vM
(N) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 42 wmGdwU (XvjvB‡qi evjy)
(O) cvwb cÖ‡qvRb = 20-25 wjUvi/cÖwZ e¨vM wm‡g›U
(P) ivRwg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 2.5 Rb
(Q) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 6 Rb
wet`ªt i‡Wi LuvPv ˆZwi‡Z AwZwi³ 2 Rb wg¯¿x I †jevi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
(8)
100 GmGdwU (SFT) 1.5 (40 wg. wg.) wWwcwm (DPC) Ges
(1t2t4) AbycvZ XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R t
(K) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 2.25 e¨vM
(L) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 6 wmGdwU
(M) †Lvqv/wPcm cÖ‡qvRb = 12 wmGdwU
(N) cvW‡jv cÖ‡qvRb = 2.25 wmGdwU/e¨vM wm‡g›U
(O) weUzwgb cÖ‡qvRb = 15 †KwR
(P) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 1 Rb
(Q) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 2 Rb
†g‡S (†d¬v‡i) †c‡U›U †÷vb KvR t
(9)
100 GmGdwU (SFT) RvqMvq 1 (25 wg.wg.) ci †d¬v‡i †c‡U›U
†÷vb (1t2t4) AbycvZ Kv‡R t
(K) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 2 e¨vM
(L) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 4 wmGdwU
(M) †Lvqv/wPcm cÖ‡qvRb = 8 wmGdwU
(N) cvW‡jv cÖ‡qvRb = 2.25 wmGdwU (cÖwZ e¨vM wm‡g›U)
(O) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 1 Rb
(P) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 2 Rb
cøv÷vi KvR t
(10)
100 GmGdwU (SFT) RvqMvq 1/4 Bw (6 wg.wg.) wm‡g›U cøv÷vi
(1t4) AbycvZ Kv‡R t
(K) wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 0.5 e¨vM
(L) evjy cÖ‡qvRb = 2 wmGdwU
(M) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 1 Rb
(N) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 2 Rb

21. 37 38
†gvRvBK KvR t
(11)
100 GmGdwU (SFT) RvqMvq 3/4 Bw (10 wg.wg.) cyiæ †d¬vi
†gvRvBK G Møvmmn (10t1) Ges (8t1) AbycvZ Kv‡R t
(K) mv`v wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 2.15 e¨vM
(L) †MÖ-wm‡g›U cÖ‡qvRb = 0.20 e¨vM
(M) gv‡e©j wPcm cÖ‡qvRb = 3.5 e¨vM
(N) Møvm cÖ‡qvRb = 120 AviGdwU (dzU)
(O) GwmW cÖ‡qvRb = 3 cvDÛ
(P) wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb = 3 Rb
(Q) †jevi cÖ‡qvRb = 10 Rb
†bvU: (10 t 1) = mv`v wm‡g›U t †MÖ-wm‡g›U
(8 t 1) = Kvjvwis gv‡e©‡ji AbycvZ|
evwoi wdwbwks Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRbxq gvjvgv‡ji cwigvc t
(1) cÖwZ eM© wgUv‡i †nvqvBU Iqvk Kv‡R Pz‡bi cwigvY = 3 †KwR|
(2) cÖwZ wUb (40 †KwR) †mœv‡mg Øviv = 275 eM©MR RvqMv is Kiv hvq|
(3) cÖwZ eM© wgUvi RvqMvq wm‡g›U †cB›U cÖ‡qvRb = 0.5 †KwR|
(4) cÖwZ M¨vjb wW‡÷¤úvi Øviv = 250 eM©dzU RvqMv is Kiv hvq|
(5) cÖwZ M¨vjb †cB›U Øviv = 300 eM©dzU RvqMv is Kiv hvq|

[3-5] evwo wbg©v‡Y - Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨envwiK m~Î t

(1) cÖwZ 225 wmGdwU Pzb A_ev evjy A_ev myiwKi IRb = 100 gY|
(2) cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU †Lvqv = 850 Lvbv BU|
(3) cÖwZ 1000 Lvbv B‡Ui IRb = 3.5 Ub|
(4) cÖwZ 2.25 wmGdwU Pz‡bi IRb = 1 gY|
(5) cÖwZ e¨vM wm‡g›U = 1.25 wmGdwU = 112 cvDÛ = 50 †KwR|
(6) cÖwZ 10 evwÛj wmAvB wm‡Ui IRb (24 †MwR) = 1 Ub|
(7) cÖwZ 950 dzU ev‡e©W Zv‡ii (16 †MwR) IRb = 1 n›`i|
(8) cÖwZ 200 Lvbv 2.5 (BwÂ) †c‡i‡Ki (ZviKvUv) IRb = 1 †mi|
(9) cÖwZ 100 GmGdwU c¨v‡bj †Wv‡ii Rb¨ Kv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRb = 15 wmGdwU|
(10) cÖwZ 100 GmGdwU mwjs Kv‡R B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 300 Lvbv|
(11) cÖwZ 100 GmGdwU 5 (BwÂ) Muv_ybx‡Z B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 500 Lvbv|
(12) cÖwZ 100 wmGdwU 10 (BwÂ) Muv_ybx‡Z B‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 1150 Lvbv|
(13) 100 wmGdwU (1t3t6) XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R wm‡g‡›Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 13 e¨vM|
(14) 100 wmGdwU (1t2t4) XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R wm‡g‡›Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 18 e¨vM|
(15) 100 wmGdwU (1t1.5t3) XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R wm‡g‡›Ui cÖ‡qvRb = 22 e¨vM|

†Uwej (3-1) KwZcq †ÿ‡Îi (Gwiqv) cwigvc wbgœiƒc t

GKK †ÿÎ (Gwiqv) cwigvc
1 eM©dzU = 144 eM© Bw (11) = (1212)
1 eM©MR = 9 eM©dzU = (33)
1 QUvK = 45 eM©dzU = (77)
1 kZvsk (†Wwm‡gj) = 435.6 eM©dzU = (2121)
1 KvVv = 720 eM©dzU = (2727)
1 weNv = 14,400 eM©dzU = (120120)
1 GKi = 4840 eM©MR
= 43,560 eM©dzU
= 3 weNv 8 QUvK
= 3.025 weNv
= 60.5 KvVv
= 100 kZvsk (†Wwm‡gj)
= (209209)
1 †n±i = 2.471 GKi
= 1,07,636 eM©dzU
= 10,000 eM© wgUvi
= (328328)
1 eM©gvBj = 640 GKi
= 2,78,78,400 eM©dzU
= 30,97,600 eM©MR
= 259 †n±i
= (52805280)
1 eM© wK‡jvwgUvi = 1000 wg  1000 wg.
= 1,000,000 eM© wgUvi
= 1,07,64,000 eM© dzU
= 100 †n±i
= (32803280)

22. 39 40
[4-1] wbg©vY mvBU (cøU) cwi`k©b c×wZ|
4-2] wbg©vY mvBU cwi`k©‡b wewfbœ w`Kmg~n|
[4-3] mvBU (cøU)-Gi msw¶ß weeiY|
[4-4] evwo wbg©v‡Y Rwg wbe©vPb c×wZ|
[4-5] mvBU cwiKíbv (kn‡ii Ae¯’vb Abyhvqx)|
[4-6] wbg©vY mvBU cwi`k©‡b mZ©KxKiY welqmg~n|
[4-7] mvB‡U cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y I cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i cÖwZ m™¢ve|
[4-8] evwo wbg©v‡Y Rwg µ‡qi msw¶ß weeiY|
†Uwej (3-2) wewfbœ e¨vm (Wvqv) Gg Gm i‡Wi GKK IRb wbgœiƒct

(K) FPS c×wZ‡Z i‡Wi GKK IRb t
µwgK
bs
i‡Wi weeiY cÖwZ dz‡U IRb
(1) 2 m~Zv (1/4 Wvqv) iW cÖwZ dz‡U IRb = 0.167 cvDÛ
(2) 3 m~Zv (3/8 Wvqv) iW cÖwZ dz‡U IRb = 0.376 cvDÛ
(3) 4 m~Zv (1/2 Wvqv) iW cÖwZ dz‡U IRb = 0.668 cvDÛ
(4) 5 m~Zv (5/8 Wvqv) iW cÖwZ dz‡U IRb = 1.043 cvDÛ
(5) 6 m~Zv (3/4 Wvqv) iW cÖwZ dz‡U IRb = 1.502 cvDÛ
(6) 7 m~Zv (7/8 Wvqv) iW cÖwZ dz‡U IRb = 2.044 cvDÛ
(7) 8 m~Zv (1 Wvqv) iW cÖwZ dz‡U IRb = 2.670 cvDÛ

(L) †gwUªK/GmAvB (SI) c×wZ‡Z i‡Wi GKK IRb t
µwgK
bs
i‡Wi weeiY cÖwZ dz‡U IRb
(1) 6 wgwg. (1/4) Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 0.22 †KwR
(2) 8 wgwg. Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 0.40 †KwR
(3) 10 wgwg. (3/8) Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 0.62 †KwR
(4) 12 wgwg. (1/2) Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 0.89 †KwR
(5) 16 wgwg. (5/8) Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 1.58 †KwR
(6) 20 wgwg. (3/4) Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 2.47 †KwR
(7) 22 wgwg. (7/8) Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 2.98 †KwR
(8) 25 wgwg (1) Wvqv iW cÖwZ wgUv‡ii IRb = 3.85 †KwR
PZz_© Aa¨vq
wbg©vY mvBU cwi`k©b I
Rwg µq Ges wbe©vPb c×wZ

Av‡jvPbv I mswÿß m~PxcÎ
















[4-1] wbg©vY mvBU (cøU) cwi`k©b c×wZ t
wewfbœ w`K we‡ePbv K‡i mvBU cwi`k©b Ges wba©viY Kiv nq| cwi`k©‡bi mgq
mvB‡Ui wbR¯^ Ae¯’vb we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖ¯ÍvweZ evwoi cø¨vb,
wWRvBb Ges e¨q we‡ePbv K‡i mvBU †W‡fjc‡g›U Ki‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt wbg©vY mvB‡U evwo wbg©v‡Yi c~‡e© mvBU cwi`k©b Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| G‡Z
mvB‡Ui Ae¯’vb Ges gvwU m¤^‡Ü cÖv_wgK aviYv cvIqv hvq Ges wKfv‡e wbg©vY
KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e, Dnvi cwiKíbv Kiv hvq|

23. 41 42
[4-2] wbg©vY mvBU cwi`k©‡b wewfbœ w`Kmg~n t
wbg©vY mvBU cwi`k©‡b wbgœwjwLZ welqmg~n we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e, †hgb t
(K) mvBU wbe©vPb|
(L) mvB‡U gvwUi kw³i Ae¯’vb|
(M) mvB‡Ui cvk¦©eZ©x ev wbKUeZ©x wewìs-Gi Ae¯’vb|
(N) wbg©vY mvB‡U cvwb wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v|
(O) m¤§y‡L iv¯Ívi Ae¯’vb|
(P) eb¨vi cvwbi Ae¯’vb|
(Q) cvwb, we`y¨r I M¨v‡mi Ae¯’vb; BZ¨vw`|
** Dc‡iv³ welqmg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY wbgœiƒc t
(K) mvBU cÖ¯‘ZKiY t
mvaviYZ m‡ev©”P d¬vW †j‡fj A_©vr m‡ev©”P eb¨vi cvwbi †j‡fj we‡ePbv
K‡i mvB‡U gvwU fivU Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` mvBU e¨vcK AvKv‡i nq Z‡e
cÖv_wgK mv‡f© K‡i gvwU KvUvi KvR wKsev gvwU fiv‡Ui KvR m¤úbœ
Ki‡Z n‡e| mvB‡U cvwb wb®‹vkb, cvwb mieivn, we`y¨r mieivn, BZ¨vw`
my-e¨e¯’v we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|
(L) mvB‡U gvwUi kw³i Ae¯’vb t
mvBU cÖ¯‘wZi mgq Dnvi wbR¯^ gvwUi kw³ cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †mB
mv‡_ gvwUi cÖK…wZ (Nature) I fvienb ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU)
BZ¨vw` wel‡q cy‡ivcywi AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
(M) mvB‡Ui cvk¦©eZ©x ev wbKUeZ©x wewìs-Gi Ae¯’vb t
hw` mvB‡Ui cvk¦©eZ©x wKsev wbKUeZ©x †Kvb wbwg©Z feb (wewìs) _v‡K
Z‡e Dnvi dvD‡Ûkb aiY ev cÖK…wZ Ges dvD‡Ûkb mvBR, MfxiZv Ges
Ab¨vb¨ w`K we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|
(N) wbg©vY mvB‡U cvwb wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v t
mvBU wba©vi‡Y Rwgi e„wói cvwb wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|
(O) m¤§y‡L iv¯Ívi Ae¯’vb t
wbg©vY mvB‡Ui m¤§y‡L wbgv©Y wewa wb‡`©wkZ PIov iv¯Ív ivL‡Z n‡e Ges
me©wbgœ iv¯Ív PIov 15 dzU n‡Z n‡e (hvnv ivRDK wbqgvbymv‡i) Ges
D³ m¤§yL iv¯Ív eo iv¯Ív (†gBb †ivW)-Gi mv‡_ mshy³ _vK‡Z n‡e|
(P) eb¨vi cvwbi Ae¯’vb t
wbg©vY mvBU eb¨vi cvwbi m‡e©v”P †j‡fj †_‡K DuPz GjvKvq wKsev DuPz
†j‡f‡j Aew¯’Z n‡Z n‡e|
(Q) cvwb, we`y¨r, M¨vm BZ¨vw`i Ae¯’vb t
wbg©vY mvB‡U we`y¨r, cvwb I M¨v‡mi jvBb _vK‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt gvwU fivU Kiv cøU †gvUvgywU 7 dzU MfxiZvq n‡j fvj wKš‘ Gi †ekx
n‡j wfwË (dvD‡Ûkb) e¨q †e‡o hv‡e|
[4-3] mvBU (cøU)-Gi mswÿß weeiY t
cøU ev mvBU n‡”Q Ggb GK LÛ Rwg (Land) hvnvi Dci evwo wKsev Ab¨vb¨
wbg©vY KvR m¤úbœ n‡q _v‡K|
cøU mvaviYZ `yB cÖKvi, †hgb t
(1) †QvU cøU I (2) eo cøU|
(1) †QvU cøU t †QvU cøU n‡”Q 4
3
1 KvVv, 2 KvVv, 2
1
2 KvVv, 3 KvVv, 2
1
3 KvVv,
4 KvVv ch©šÍ|
(2) eo cøU t 5 (cuvP) ev Zvi AwaK gv‡ci cøU‡K eo cøU ejv nq|

†Uwej (4-1) t wb‡gœ cø‡Ui ev mvB‡Ui mvBR (bgybv) †`Iqv n‡jv t
†Uwej (2-1) cø‡Ui m¤¢ve¨ AvKvi (bgybv) t
cø‡Ui cwigvY (KvVv) m¤¢ve¨ AvKvi RvqMv (Gwiqv) eM©dzU 4
3
1
KvVv (25  50) 1250 eM©dzU
2 KvVv (28-10  50) 1440 eM©dzU 2
1
2
KvVv (30  60) 1800 eM©dzU
3 KvVv (36  60) 2160 eM©dzU

24. 43 44 2
1
3
KvVv (40  63) 2520 eM©dzU
4 KvVv (45  64) 2880 eM©dzU
5 KvVv (50  72) 3600 eM©dzU
7.5 KvVv (60  90) 5400 eM©dzU

[4-4] evwo wbg©v‡Y Rwg wbe©vPb c×wZ t
(1) mvaviYZ nvDwRs †mvmvBwUi Rwg evwo wbg©v‡Y myweavRbK I fvj
cwi‡ek _v‡K|
(2) Ab¨w`‡K cÖvB‡fU Rwg mvaviYZ AvKviwenxb n‡q _v‡K| hvnv wbg©vY
Kv‡R evwoi cø¨vb my›`i nq bv Ges Rwgi wKQy Ask A‡K‡Rv n‡q c‡o|
(3) mvB‡U wewìs mvwf©m myweav _vK‡Z n‡e †hgbt M¨vm, cvwb, we`y¨r cvwb
mieivn, cvwb wb®‹vkb, †Uwj‡dvb BZ¨vw`|
(4) AvqZKvi wKsev eM©vK…wZ Rwg evwo wbg©v‡Y fvj Dnv‡Z Rwgi RvqMv
AcPq nq bv Ges evwoi cø¨vb Kiv myweav nq|
(5) evwo wbg©v‡Y k³ Ges DuPz Rwg fvj| Zv‡Z eb¨vi cvwb †_‡K iÿv cvIqv
hvq Ges dvD‡Ûkb LiP Kg nq|
(6) mvaviYZ cÖk¯Í iv¯Ívi cv‡k¦© mvBU wbe©vPb fvj nq| Bnv‡Z wiKmv, Mvox
`gKj evwnbx BZ¨vw` hvZvqvZ mnR nq|
[4-5] mvBU cwiKíbv (kn‡ii Ae¯’vb Abyhvqx) t
GKRb nvDwRs cwiKíbvwe` kni GjvKv‡K cÖavbZt wZb fv‡M wef³ K‡i
_v‡Kb, †hgb t
(K) wkí GjvKv (BÛvwóªqvj Gwiqv)|
(L) e¨emvwqK GjvKv (Kgvwk©qvj Gwiqv)|
(M) AvevwmK GjvKv (†iwm‡Wbwmqvj Gwiqv)|
[4-6] mvBU cwi`k©‡b mZ©KxKiY welqmg~n t
mvBU wbe©vP‡bi mgq †h welqmg~‡ni cÖwZ we‡kl mZK© _vKv cÖ‡qvRb Zvnv
wbgœiƒc t
(1) wbg©vY mvB‡Ui f~wgZj †e gvK© (Bench Mark) Ges wewìs Iwi‡q‡›Ukb
ev w`Kmg~‡ni cÖwZ AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
(2) mvB‡Ui m‡e©v”P Ges me©wbgœ eb¨v (d¬¨vW) cvwbi †j‡fj-Gi cÖwZ AeMZ
n‡Z n‡e|
(3) bigvj eb¨v (d¬¨vW) cvwbi †j‡fj-Gi cÖwZ AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
(4) mvB‡Ui Av‡k-cv‡k ev wbKeZ©x wbwg©Z evwoi cÖK…wZ I Ae¯’v‡bi cÖwZ
AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
(5) mvB‡U gvwUi kw³ ev Dnvi fvienb ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) wel‡q
cy‡ivcywi AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
(6) mvBU DuPz-bxPz n‡j †j‡fj cwigv‡ci Rb¨ mv‡f© Ki‡Z n‡e|
(7) †gBb †ivW Ges mvB‡U cÖ‡ek c_ m¤^‡Ü AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
(8) mvB‡U cvwb wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’vi cªwZ jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
(9) mvB‡U cvwb I we`y¨r mieiv‡ni welq AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
(10) Awba©vwiZ welqmg~‡ni cÖwZ mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e|
(11) wbg©vY mvB‡U HwZnvwmK feb (wewìs) _vK‡j Dnv msiÿY e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z
n‡e|
(12) wbg©vY mvB‡U wegvb DÇqb GjvKvi mwbœK‡U n‡j fe‡bi D”PZv msµvšÍ
wewa-wb‡la †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt (1) GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, Rwg (cøU) bxPz n‡j Ges fivU gvwU
_vK‡j wfwË (dvD‡Ûkb) wbg©vY e¨q †e‡o hvq|
(3) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mgq GjvKv Ry‡o big gvwU _vK‡j Zv Zz‡j †dj‡Z nq
Ges wfwU evwj ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i Qwo‡q `yigyR K‡i fwZ© Kiv nq| Avevi, A‡bK
dvD‡Ûkb BwÄwbqvi wfwU evwji cwie‡Z© †gvUv evwj I †Lvqv wgwkªZ K‡i
¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i Qwo‡q `yigyR K‡i fwZ© Kivi civgk© w`‡q _v‡Kb|

[4-7] mvB‡Ui cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y I cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i cÖwZ m™¢ve t
mKj cÖwZ‡ekx ci¯ú‡ii wbqg †g‡b evwo ˆZix Ki‡j mevB DcK…Z n‡eb Ges
cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i g‡a¨ ci¯úi m™¢ve evo‡e Ges wbg©vY KvR mnR Dcv‡q Kiv m¤¢e
n‡e|
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mgq cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i mv‡_ wbgœwjwLZ wel‡q mZK© _vKv cÖ‡qvRb,
†hgb t
(1) Mwj ev iv¯Ív †N‡m evwo ˆZix Kiv wVK bq| wKQy RvqMv ivRDK
wbqgvbyhvqx †Q‡o w`‡q evwo ˆZix Kiv DwPZ| cvovi †jv‡Kiv wg‡j
Av‡jvPbv K‡i Mwj ev iv¯Ívi PIov Kivi c`‡ÿc †bIqv Avek¨K| Mwj
ev iv¯Ív PIov n‡j evwo‡Z wiKkv A_ev Mvox cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i| Av¸b
jvM‡j `gKj evwnbxi Mvox Ges `ªæZ wPwKrmvi Rb¨ G¤^y‡jÝ †hb cÖ‡ek
Ki‡Z cv‡i|

25. 45 46
(2) evwo wbg©v‡Y cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v t
GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, b`g©vhy³ KuvPv iv¯Ívi Mwj, Sz‡j _vKv
ˆe`y¨wZK jvBb, M¨vmnxb, cvwbnxb, Av‡jv-evZvmnxb Ni-evwo Avgv‡`i
kn‡i Ges bM‡i KiæY Ae¯’v m„wó Ki‡Q| mKj cÖwZ‡ekxi mw`”Qv
Abyhvqx GB mgm¨vi mgvavb Kiv m¤¢e|
(3) cwi‡ek iÿvi Rb¨ myqv‡iR, Wvóweb BZ¨vw` ¯’vcb Ges iv¯Ívi av‡i MvQ
jvMv‡bvi cÖwZ `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e|
(4) GLv‡b jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †hb, cøU †ekx †KvYvK…wZ bv nq| AvqZKvi cøU
AwZ DËg| †mB Rb¨ cøU iv¯Ívi mv‡_ mg‡Kv‡Y ivL‡Z n‡e|

[4-8] evwo wbg©v‡Y Rwg µ‡qi mswÿß weeiY t

Rwg µ‡qi mgq wbgœwjwLZ welqmg~n we‡kl we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e t
(1) cwZZ wbPz Rwg AvevwmK cÖK‡íi Rb¨ AšÍf~³ wK bv?
(2) m¤úwËi Ab¨ †Kvb kixK Av‡Q wK bv?
(3) Rwgi `wjj †iwR÷ªx Kiv Av‡Q wK bv?
(4) Rwgi `wjj mvd Kejv wK bv?
(5) DbœqbK…Z I †fvM `LjiZ Rwgi gvwjKvbv `vex hvPvB Kiv|
(6) Rwg‡Z Ab¨ †Kvb ¯^Ë¡ I `Lj Av‡Q wK bv?
(7) Rwgi ¯^Ë¡ I `Lj ¯^xKvi Kiv|
(8) Rwg‡Z †Kvb gvgjv-†gvKÏgv Av‡Q wK bv?
(9) Rwgi wVKvbv hvPvB Kiv|
(10) Rwg msµvšÍ wbgœwjwLZ welqmg~n mwVK Av‡Q wKbv, †hgb t
(K) Rwgi `vM bs (P) _vbv
(L) LwZqvb bs (Q) †Rjv
(M) †gŠRv bs (R) Avi Gm
(N) †cŠimfv (S) LvwiR LwZqvb b¤^i
(O) †nvwìs bs (T) BZ¨vw` hvPvB Kiv DwPZ|
cÂg Aa¨vq
wbg©vY mvB‡U gvwU cixÿv (m‡qj †U÷)

Av‡jvP¨ I mswÿß m~PxcÎ
(1-0) mvBU cÖ¯‘ZKiY
(1-1) gvwUi (m‡qj) mswÿß weeiY|
(1-2) gvwU I f~-Mf©¯’ gvwUi AbymÜvb|
(1-3) mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi (m‡qj †U÷) D‡Ïk¨|
(1-4) mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi (m‡qj †U‡÷i) c×wZmg~n|
(1-5) wbgv©Y mvB‡U †evwis ¯’vb wba©viY (wPÎ mn)|
(1-6) gvwUi fvi enb ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU)|
(1-7) gvwUi wdì †U÷ Ges j¨ve‡iUix †U‡÷i mswÿß weeiY|
(1-8) Ae‡k‡l m‡qj †U÷ wi‡cv©U|
(1-0) mvBU cÖ¯‘ZKiY /mvBU wbe©vPb t mvaviY bigvj d¬vW †j‡fj A_©vr
bigvj eb¨vi cvwbi †j‡fj we‡ePbv K‡i mvB‡U gvwU fivU Ki‡Z
n‡e| hw` mvB‡U e¨vcK AvKv‡ii nq Z‡e cÖv_wgK mv‡f© K‡i gvwU
KvUvi KvR wKsev fiv‡Ui KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| mvB‡U cvwb
wb®‹vkb, cvwb mieivn, we`y¨r mieivn, BZ¨vw` my-e¨e¯’v we‡ePbvq
ivL‡Z n‡e|
 mvB‡U gvwU kw³i Ae¯’vb t evwoi wbg©vYKvR ïiæ Kivi c~‡e© m‡qj
†U÷ Aek¨B Kiv‡Z n‡e| mvBU cÖ¯‘wZi mgq Dnvi wbR¯^ gvwUi kw³
cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †mB mv‡_ gvwUi cÖK…wZ (Nature) I fvi enb
ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) BZ¨vw` wel‡q cy‡ivcywi AeMZ n‡Z n‡e|
wet `ªt mvBU wbe©vP‡b Rwgi e„wói cvwb wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z
n‡e|
(1-1) gvwUi (m‡qj) mswÿß weeiY t
gvwU mvaviYZ wb¤œwjwLZ fv‡M wef³ t
(1) †iwmwWDj m‡qj (Residual Soil) t
GB ai‡bi gvwU ¯’vqx wkjv ev iK gvwU †_‡K MwVZ nq| †hgb-
MÖvbvBU, e¨vmvjU, †mÛ‡÷vb, jvBg‡÷vb Ges jeY BZ¨vw`|

26. 47 48
(2) Uªv݇cv‡U©W m‡qj (Transported Soil) t
GB ai‡Yi gvwU (m‡qj) evqy, b`x, mvMi Ges eid BZ¨vw` g~j Ask
†_‡K weZvwoZ n‡q MwVZ nq|

AwaKšÍ, wdì Abyhvqx gvwU wb¤œwjwLZ †kÖYx‡Z fvM Kiv nq †hgb t

(1) evjy (Sand), bywo (Gravel) Ges †evìvi (Boulder) t
A_v©r, gvwU hLb > 20 †m.wg. (mvBR), ZLb............> †evìvi
gvwU hLb > 3 wg.wg. <20 †m.wg., ZLb...........> bywo (MÖ¨v‡fj)
gvwU hLb < 3 wg.wg. (mvBR), ZLb.................> evjy (m¨vÛ)
(2) cwjgq gvwU (Silt Soil) t Bnv dvBb †MÖBb m‡qj hvnv ˆRe ev A‰Re
c`v_© Øviv MwVZ|
(3) Kv`vgvwU (Clay Soil) t Bnv cøvw÷K RvZxq Ges Kg wQ`ªhy³ (Low
Permeability) gvwU|
(4) wcU m‡qj (Peat Soil) t Bnv Auvkhy³ gvwU Ges cuPbkxj fMœvsk Øviv
MwVZ|

(1-2) gvwU I f~-Mf©¯’ gvwUi AbymÜvb c×wZ mg~n (Method of Soil Test) t

(K) gvwUi AbymÜvb Ges
(L) f~-Mf©¯’ gvwUi AbymÜvb Ges †evwis KvR|
Avevi, f~-Mf©¯’ gvwUi AbymÜvb Ges †evwis KvRmg~n wb¤œiƒc t
(1) †U÷ †evwis (Test Boring)
(2) †U÷ wcU Ges †mdU (Test Pit or Shaft)
(3) †U÷ wWªwjs (Test Drilling)
(1) †U÷ †evwis (Test Boring) t †jvnvi iW (wójiW) w`‡q ¯^í MfxiZv
m¤úbœ gvwUi †U÷ Kiv nq A_v©r Bnv‡K g¨vby‡qj †U÷ ejv †h‡Z cv‡i|
(2) †U÷ wcU Ges †mdU (Test Pit & Shaft) t gvwU (m‡qj) AMvi bvgK
hš¿ e¨envi K‡i GB †U÷ m¤úv`b Kiv nq| hš¿wUi IRb 45 †KwR
Ges Bnv 1 wgUvi ch©šÍ †evwis Kiv hvq|
(3) †U÷ wWªwjs (Test Drilling) t wewfbœ cw×wZi g‡a¨ wWªwjs, †Kvi-wWªwjs
c×wZ me‡P‡q †ekx e¨eüZ nq|
(K) mvDwÛs iW (Sounding Rod) t mvDwÛs iW w`‡q cÖv_wgKfv‡e gvwUi
iK ev wkjvi Ae¯’vb wbY©q Kiv nq| AwaKšÍ, Bnv Øviv wewfbœ MfxiZvq
m‡qj-‡iwR÷¨vÝ wbY©q Kiv nq|
(L) Iqvk †evwis (Wash Boring) t Iqvk †evwis n‡”Q m‡qj AbymÜvb
c×wZ hvnv‡Z †KwRs WªvBf Kiv nq Ges wfZ‡ii gvwU I gvwU wgwkÖZ
cvwb Iqvk K‡i evwni Kiv nq| k³ wkjv (Hard Rock) Ges †evìvi
e¨ZxZ Bnv me ai‡Yi gvwU‡Z e¨envi Kiv hvq|












(M) †U÷ wcU (Test Pit) t AwaK e¨qeûj m‡Ë¡I Bnv LyeB Dchy³ Ges mwVK gvwU
AbymÜvb c×wZ|

27. 49 50
(N) AMvi †evwis (Augur Boring) t Bnv GKwU mvaviY hš¿ hvnv Øviv evjy
Ges Kv`vgvwUi dvD‡Ûkb AbymÜvb Kiv nq| Bnv mvaiYZ 5 †m.wg.
e¨v‡mi Kv‡Vi AMvi Ges 2.5 †m.wg cvBc w`‡q GKwU †mKk‡b cwic~Y©
Kiv nq|
(O) cviwKDkb †evwis (Percussion Boring) t















(P) †ivUvwi †evwis (Rotary Boring) t






























(1-3) mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi (m‡qj †U‡÷i) D‡Ïk¨ t

mwVK dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb Ges mwVK e¨q ev LiP wba©vi‡Y gvwU cixÿv (m‡qj
†U÷) AZ¨vek¨K| GLv‡b Rvbv ivLv `iKvi †h, wbg©vY mvB‡U gvwU cixÿv
e¨ZxZ evwoi dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb m¤¢e bq|
ZvB evwoi ÷ªvKPvivj wWRvBb ˆZix Kivi c~‡e© AwfÁ wmwfj BwÄwbqvi KZ…©K
mvB‡Ui gvwU cixÿvi wi‡cv©U cÖ‡qvRb nq|
÷ªvKPvivj BwÄwbqvi D³ m‡qj †U÷ wi‡cvU© cixÿv K‡i evwoi (wewìs)
dvD‡Ûkb mvBR I MfxiZv BZ¨vw` wWRvBb K‡i _v‡Kb|

* gvwU cixÿvi Ab¨vb¨ D‡Ïk¨ t
 mwVK dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb|
 evwoi ÷ªvKPvivj wWRvBb|
 wbg©vY e¨q wba©viY|
 evwo wbivcËv wbwðZKiY|
 wbg©vY c×wZ wbe©vPb|
 BZ¨vw`|

28. 51 52
* evwo wbg©v‡Y mZKx©KiY wb‡`©wkKv t
Avgv‡`i †`‡k wKQz wKQz Rwg ev cø‡Ui gvwjK wKsev evwo wbg©vYKvix e¨w³, wKQz
AbwfÁ wg¯¿x wKsev Kb÷ªv±‡ii civgk© Abyhvqx m‡qj †U÷ bv K‡i evwo wbg©vY
K‡i _v‡Kb wKsev Ki‡Z AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡ib| AwaKšÍ, wKQz Rwgi gvwjK
AÁZvi Kvi‡Y m‡qj †U÷ bv K‡i cvkvcvwk wbwg©Z evwoi cø¨vb, wWRvBb,
gvwUi kw³ (fvienb ÿgZv) BZ¨vw` †`‡L Ges Abygvb K‡i evwoi cø¨vb I
wWRvBb K‡i _v‡Kb|
GLv‡b mZK© _vKv DwPZ †h, GB ai‡bi Abygvb wbf©i gvwU cixÿv Øviv evwo
wbg©vY Kiv †gv‡UB cÖ‡hvR¨ b‡n| KviY gvwUi kw³ ev fvienb ÿgZv me
RvqMvq mgvb b‡n A_v©r gvwUi kw³ Bnvi ag© Abyhvqx GK¯’vb †_‡K KvQvKvwQ
Ab¨¯’v‡b cwieZ©bkxj|
myZivs mwVK AvKv‡ii dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb Ges mwVK e¨q wba©vi‡Y wbg©vY mvB‡U m‡qj
†U÷ AZ¨vek¨K|





(1-4) mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi (m‡qj †U‡÷i) c×wZmg~n t
(1) mvBU/cøU cwi`k©b I Rwic Kiv|
(2) wd‡ìi Ae¯’v Abyhvqx †evwis msL¨v I ¯’vb wba©viY Kiv Ges †mB Abyhvqx
†evwis KvR m¤úbœ Kiv|
(3) cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx †evwis MfxiZv wba©viY Kiv|
(4) cÖ‡Z¨K †evwis ¯’v‡b gvwUi AÿZ Ges weÿZ bgybv msMÖn Kiv Ges
j¨ve‡iUix‡Z cixÿv Kiv|
(5) †evwis ev wWªwjs-Gi mvnvh¨ 5 dzU AšÍi gvwUi Gm.wc.wU (S.P.T) f¨vjy
wbY©q Kiv Ges gvwUi wbivc` fvienb ÿgZv (†md †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU)
evwni Kiv|
(6) wdì †U÷ Ges j¨ve, †U‡÷i djvdj evwni Kiv|
(7) Ae‡k‡l, gvwU cixÿvi P~ovšÍ wi‡cvU© ˆZix Kiv Ges †mB Abyhvqx evwoi
dvD‡Ûkb m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ Kiv|

29. 53 54

*gvwU cixÿvi Rb¨ mvBU/cøU cwi`k©b t

m‡qj †U÷ KvR m¤úv`‡bi c~‡e© mvBU cwi`k©b Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡Z m‡q‡ji
cÖK…wZ I ag© m¤^‡Ü cÖv_wgK aviYv cvIqv hvq| mvBU cwi`k©‡b †evwis ev wWªwjs
KvR ïiæ Kwievi cÖv_wgK cwiKíbv Kiv nq Ges †evwis ¯’vb wPwýZ ev wba©viY
Kiv nq|

* mvBU cwi`k©‡b m‡qj †U÷ Kivi c~‡e© wb¤œwjwLZ wel‡q Z_¨ msMªn Ki‡Z
n‡e t
 GjvKvi †fŠMwjK Ae¯’v|
 mvB‡U MZ© Av‡Q wKbv|
 gvwU †K‡U mwi‡q †bqv n‡q‡Q wK bv|
 f~wg a‡mi jÿY Av‡Q wK bv|
 Av‡kcv‡k cvwbi D”PZv (b`x wKsev cyKz‡ii)|
 cvwb wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v, BZ¨vw`|

*gvwU cixÿvi mZKx©KiY wb‡`©wkKv t

GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv `iKvi †h, †Kvb bxPz RvqMv wKsev fivU gvwUi RvqMvq
wbg©vY Kv‡R Aek¨B †evwis †U÷ (m‡qj †U÷) Ki‡Z n‡e|

* gvwUi bgybv (m‡qj m¨v¤új) wb¤œwjwLZ As‡k wef³ t
(1) AÿZ bgybv (Undisturbed Sample)
(2) weÿZ bgybv (Disturbed Sample)

wet`ªt mvaviY wbqg Abyhvqx cÖwZ Zjv wewìs Gi Rb¨ 3 wgUvi †evwis Ki‡Z n‡e|

(1-6) gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) t

(K) GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, dvD‡Ûkb dzwUs wWRvBb Kivi c~‡e©
gvwUi wbivc` fvi enb ÿgZv (†md †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) Rvbv _vK‡Z
n‡e| gvwUi MÖnY‡hvM¨ fvi enb ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) mvaviYZ
gvwU cixÿv Ges †U÷ †evwis-Gi jM Aa¨vqb K‡i wbiƒcb Kiv nq|
wet`ªt cÖ_gZt GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, wkjv gvwU (iK gvwU) dvD‡Ûkb
mvgMÖx wnmv‡e mePvB‡Z fvj Dcv`vb|
wØZxqZt evjy Ges bywo (†MÖ‡fj) dvD‡Ûkb mvgMÖx wnmv‡e †ek fvj|

30. 55 56
(L) GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, gvwUi fvi enb ÿgZv (†eqvwis
K¨vcvwmwU) wb¤œwjwLZ welq¸wji Dci wbf©i K‡i| †hgb-
(1) gvwUi aiY I cÖK…wZ Ges Bnvi †fŠwZK a‡g©i Dci wbf©i K‡i, †hgbt
NbZ¡ (Density), †kqvi óª¨vš’ (Shear Strength) BZ¨vw`|
(2) gvwUi ms‡KvP‡bi (†m‡Ujg¨v›U) Ae¯’vi Dci wbf©i K‡i|
(3) gvwUi bx‡Pi cvwbi †j‡fj (IqvUvi †j‡fj)-Gi Dci wbf©i K‡i|
(4) gvwUi fvi enb ÿgZv dvD‡Ûkb AvK…wZi Dci wbf©i K‡i, †hgbt
(K) dvD‡Ûkb UvBc ev aiY (Type)|
(L) dvD‡Ûkb mvBR (Size) Ges †mc (Shape)|
(M) dvD‡Ûkb MfxiZv, BZ¨vw`|

†Uwej t gvwUi wbivc` fvienb ÿgZvi (†md †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) t

Kv`vgvwUi †kÖYx fvM Kv`vgvwUi eY©bv
wbivc` (†md) †eqvwis
K¨vcvwmwU Ub/(wgUvi)
2

(T/M
2
)
(K) †Kv‡nmb‡jm m‡qj
(Cohesionless Soil)
1. bywo (wMÖ‡fj) Ges
evjy
45
2. †gvUv evjy 45
3. gva¨g evjy 25
4. m~ÿ ev dvBb evjy
Ges cwjgvwU
15
5. jyR †Mª‡fj 25
(L) †Kv‡nwmf m‡qj
(Cohesive Soil)
1. mdU †kj gvwU 45
2. wgwWqvg †K¬ gvwU 25
3. g‡qó (Moist) †K¬
gvwU
15

4. mdU (big) †K¬ gvwU 10
5. Lye †ekx mdU †K¬
gvwU
5
6. Kv‡jv KUb gvwU 15
(M) big gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) evov‡bvi Dcvq t big
gvwUi fvi enb ÿgZv evov‡bvi Rb¨ wb¤œwjwLZ e¨e¯’vmg~n MÖnb Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i t
(1) cÖ‡qvR‡b dvD‡Ûk‡bi MfxiZv evov‡Z n‡e|
(2) cÖ‡qvR‡b MfxiZvq gvwU †Lvovi ci `yigyR Øviv ms‡KvPb Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a BU-cv_‡ii UzK‡iv `yigyR w`‡q XzwK‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
(3) big gvwU mwi‡q Zv evwj Øviv c~Y© Kiv Ges cvwb †hvM K‡i Zv k³
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(4) cÖ‡qvR‡b KvV ev Kbwµ‡Ui cvBwjs Ki‡Z n‡e|
(5) dvD‡Ûk‡bi Zjvq AwZwi³ cvwb _vK‡j Zv AcmviY Ki‡Z n‡e|

* m‡qj Kg‡cKkb wb¤œwjwLZ Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb, †hgb-
(1) Bnvi gvwUi NbZ¡, †kqvi †U÷ Ges †eqvwis K¨cvwmwU e„w× K‡i|
(2) iv¯Ívi gvwUi kw³ e„w× K‡i |
(3) Pv‡ci d‡j wKsev Kg‡cKk‡bi d‡j gvwU ms‡KvPb (†m‡Uj‡g›U K‡g
hvq)|

(1-7) gvwUi wdì †U÷ Ges j¨ve †U‡÷i mswÿß weeiY t gvwUi cixÿvi †U÷
mvaviYZ `y&B cÖKvi, †hgbt (1) wdì †U÷ I (2) j¨ve, †U÷|
wet `ªt Dc‡iv³ †U‡÷i djvd‡ji gva¨‡g gvwU cixÿvi P~ovšÍ wi‡cvU© ˆZix
Ges gšÍe¨ Kiv nq|

(K) †cøU †jvW †eqvwis †U÷ (Plate Load Bearing Test) t Bnv mvaviY
hš¿ cwiPvwjZ c×wZ hvnv Øviv gvwUi †h †Kvb ¯Í‡i P~ovšÍ †eqvwis
K¨vcvwmwU Ges gvwUi ms‡KvPb gvcv hvq ev wbY©q Kiv hvq| AwaKšÍ,
GB †U÷ Øviv wbwY©Z djvdj Zzjbv Ges mZ¨Zv hvPvB Kiv hvq|

(L) Gm.wc.wU †U÷ (S.P.T Test) t Gm.wc.wU (S.P.T = Standard
Penetration Test)- Gi gva¨‡g gvwUi Gb (N) f¨vjy (Value) †hgb
wbY©q Kiv hvq †Zgwb msM„nxZ gvwUi bgybv (Soil Sample)
j¨ve‡iUix‡Z †U÷ Kiv nq| wd‡ì cÖwZwU †evwis 5 dzU ci ci Gb (N)
f¨vjy (Value) wbY©q Kiv nq, hvnv gvwUi fvi enb ÿgZv mivmwi w`K
wb‡`©kbv w`‡q _v‡K|

31. 57 58
wet `ªt Gm.wc.wU (S.P.T) f¨vjyi mvnv‡h¨ wd‡ì mivmwi gvwUi fvi enb
ÿgZv (†eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) wbY©q Ges cixÿv Kiv hvq|

* ÷¨vÛvU© †c‡b‡Uªkb †U÷ (Standard Penetration Test) t

1| †c‡b‡UªvwgUvi w`‡q 650 wbDUb IR‡bi e¯‘ Ges 750 wgwg D”PZvq gvwUi bx‡P
WªvBf Ki‡Z nq|
2| †eøv (Blows) Gi msL¨v = gvwUi N f¨vjy wba©viY K‡i
3| N f¨vjy mvaviYZ BwÄwbqvwis a‡g©i mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|

(2) gvwUi j¨ve. †U÷ (Lab Test) t
ASTM-Abyhvqx gvwUi j¨ve. †U÷mg~n mvaviYZ wb¤œiƒc t
(K) g‡qðvi Kb‡U›U †U÷ (L) cøw÷wmwU †U÷
(M) Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ †U÷ (N) NbZ¡ †U÷
(O) Kb‡mvwj‡Wkb †U÷ (P) WvB‡i± †kqvi †U÷, BZ¨vw`|

(1-8) Ae‡k‡l m‡qj †U÷ wi‡cv©U t

m‡qj †U÷ wi‡cv©U- G mvaviYZ ó¨vÛvW© Pv©U (Standard Chart), MÖvdm
(Graphs), †evi-jM (Bore-Logs) BZ¨vw` _v‡K| AwaKšÍ, gvwUi wewfbœ
MfxiZvq MÖnY‡hvM¨ †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU Ges w¯‹bwd«Kkb f¨vjy (Skin Friction
Value) D‡jøL _v‡K|
GQvov, m‡qj †U÷ wi‡c©vU wb¤œwjwLZ m~PxcÎ Øviv ˆZix Kiv nq| †hgbt
(1) gvwU cixÿvi D‡Ïk¨ (Object of Soil Test)
(2) f~wgKv (Introduction)
(3) Kv‡Ri cwiwa (Scope Work)
(4) gvwUi wdì †U÷ Ges j¨ve‡iUix †U÷ (Field & Lab Test)
(5) †evwis Kv‡Ri eY©bv (Boring Work)
(6) Gm.wc.wU †U÷ (S.P.T. Test)|
(7) gvwUi bgybv msMÖn (Soil Sample)|
(8) gvwUi cÖK…wZ I evwn¨K a‡g©i weeiY (N & P of Soil)|
(9) gvwUi cixÿvi djvd‡ji gšÍe¨ (Remarks), (10) BZ¨vw`|
* gvwU cixÿv Ges dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb t

KvVv‡gv-bKkv cÖYq‡bi c~‡e© AwfÁ wmwfj BwÄwbqvi Rwgi gvwU k³ wKbv
Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| Avw`g gvwU fe‡bi fvien‡b mÿg| fivU gvwU‡Z feb Wz‡e
†h‡Z cv‡i|
wet`ªt gvwU cixÿvi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡k cÖPzi KbmvjwUs cÖwZôvb i‡q‡Q| eûZj
fe‡bi Rb¨ gvwU cixÿv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb|
Zviv gvwU‡Z bjK~c Mvuovi gZ 40/50 dzU Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b Av‡iv Mfx‡i bj
XzwK‡q gvwUi ¯Íi I cÖK…wZ eY©bv †`b| AwfÁ wmwfj BwÄwbqvi D³ m‡qj‡U÷
wi‡cvU© †`‡L dvD‡Ûk‡bi cÖk¯ÍZv I MfxiZv wbav©iY K‡i _v‡Kb|

* mvB‡U gvwU cixÿv (Soil Test) t

mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi d‡j gvwUi cÖKvi‡f` Ges gvwU ag© m¤ú‡K© aviYv/Z_¨
cvIqv hvq Ges wbivc`, mwVK, ¯^íLi‡P AeKvVv‡gvi dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb Kiv
hvq|

* mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi Ab¨vb¨ D‡Ïk¨ (Purpose of Soil Test) t

1| cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖ‡R‡±i Rb¨ mvB‡U gvwU m¤c‡K© mwVK aviYv cvIqv hvq|
2| mvB‡U gvwUi †md †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwUi gvb wba©viY Kiv hvq|
3| mwVK Ges †md dvD‡Ûkb m¤ú‡K© wm×všÍ †bIqv hvq|
4| dvD‡Ûkb MfxiZv m¤ú‡K© wba©viY Kiv hvq|
5| gvwU‡Z dvD‡Ûkb †m‡Uj‡g›U m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nIqv hvq|
6| gvwUi wb‡P IqvUvi †j‡fj/cvwbi †j‡fj m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq|
7| wbg©vY Kv‡R wewfbœ mgm¨vejxi c~e©vfvm cvIqv hvq|
8| BZ¨vw`|

* cÖ‡R±/AeKvVv‡gv BZ¨vw` wWRvBb †ÿ‡Î gvwU cixÿv Ges gvwUi wewfbœ
WvUvi Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni gva¨‡g wm×všÍ †bIqv hvq| †hgbt

1| dvD‡Ûkb cÖKvi‡f` Rvbvi gva¨‡g|
2| dvD‡Ûkb †md†jvW K¨vcvwmwUi gva¨‡g|
3| dvD‡Ûkb †m‡Uj‡g‡›Ui gva¨‡g|
4| †m‡Uj‡g›U m„wói Kvi‡Y|
5| gvwU KvUvi mgm¨v mgvav‡bi gva¨‡g|
6| BZ¨vw`|

32. 59 60
[6-1] ¯’cwZ (AvwK©‡U±) I ¯’cwZi cÖavb KvR|
[6-2] evwoi bKkv (cø¨vb) I Bnvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv|
[6-3] AvevwmK feb Ges Bnvi wewfbœ As‡ki bvg|
[6-4] evwoi wewfbœ iæ‡gi mvBR (AvKvi)|
[6-5] AvevwmK fe‡bi cø¨vb I Bnvi wewfbœ w`Kmg~n|
[6-6] AvevwmK feb wbg©v‡Y cÖ‡qvRbxq WªBsmg~n|
[6-7] d¬¨vU A_ev A¨vcvU©‡g›U wewìs-Gi msw¶ß weeiY|
[6-8] KwZcq evwoi cø¨v‡bi bgybv|
lô Aa¨vq
evwoi AvwK©‡UKPvivj cø¨vb

Av‡jvPbv I mswÿß m~PxcÎ










[6-1] ¯’cwZ (AvwK©‡U±) I ¯’cwZi cÖavb KvR t
(K) ¯’cwZ (AvwK©‡U±) t
¯’cwZ Zvi †gavi mvnv‡h¨ Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv (cø¨vb) w`‡q _v‡Kb| A_©vr
wZwb GKRb cwiKíbvKvix| GKRb ¯’cwZ cwiKíbvi PviwU cÖavb welq
wb‡q KvR K‡i _v‡Kb| †hgb t
(1) GKvšÍZv (Privacy) (2) wgZe¨wqZv (Economy)
(3) e¨envi Dc‡hvMxZv (Utility) (4) †mŠ›`h©¨ (Aesthetic)
(L) ¯’cwZ (AvwK©‡U±)-Gi cÖavb KvR t
GKRb ¯’cwZi cÖavb KvR n‡jv Kv‡Ri cwiKíbvi wfZi wb‡R‡K
wb‡qvwRZ ivLv Ges cwigvc cÖYqb Kiv BZ¨vw`| Aek¨B cwiKíbvKvix
Rwgi gvwj‡Ki cyuwR (ev‡RU) Abyhvqx evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix K‡i _v‡Kb|
(M) ¯’cwZ I cÖ‡KŠkjxi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ t
GLv‡b ¯’cwZ Ges cÖ‡KŠkjx DfqB wkíx| ¯’cwZ Zvi †gavi mvnv‡h¨
cwiKíbv w`‡q _v‡Kb Avi Ab¨w`‡K cÖ‡KŠkjx Zvi cwiKíbv ev¯Íevqb
K‡ib| A_©vr ¯’cwZ n‡jb cwiKíbvKvix I cÖ‡KŠkjx n‡jb
ev¯ÍevqbKvix|
GKRb cÖ‡KŠkjxi KvVv‡gvMZ (óªvKPvivj) Ávb h‡_ó _vK‡Z n‡e|
GQvov wbg©vY †KŠkj, wbg©vY mvgMÖx I Zv‡`i ¸Yv¸Y, cwiwgZ e¨q,
Gw÷‡gU BZ¨vw` m¤^‡Ü fvj aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e| ¯’cwZi KvR †hgb
cwiKíYv I cwigvc cÖYqb Kiv †Zgwb cÖ‡KŠkjxi KvR Gw÷‡gU cÖYqY,
óªvKPvivj wWRvBb ˆZix Kiv, KȪv±i wb‡qvM I Kv‡Ri Z`viwK
(mycviwfkb) Kiv BZ¨vw`|
wet`ªt KLbI KLbI AvwK©‡U± I cÖ‡KŠkjx DfqB †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M wbg©vY Kv‡Ri
Z`viwK (mycviwfkb KvR) K‡i _v‡Kb|
(N) gvwjK/K¬v‡q›U t
(1) gvwjK/K¬v‡q›U Ggb e¨w³ ev ms¯’v ev cÖwZôvb whwb ev hviv Zvi wb‡Ri
Rwg‡Z evwo, feb BZ¨vw` ˆZix Ki‡Z AvMÖnx|
(2) ¯’cwZ evwoi gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv w`‡q _v‡Kb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) K‡i _v‡Kb|
(3) cÖ‡KŠkjx evwoi gvwjK‡K Kv‡Ri cwiKíbvi Gw÷‡gU, óvKPvivj
wWRvBb I Kv‡Ri Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) K‡i _v‡Kb|
(O) wVKv`vi (KȪv±i) t
GKRb ¯’cwZ †h KvRwU cwiKíbv K‡i _v‡Kb; GKRb cÖ‡KŠkjx †mB
KvRwU ev¯Íevqb K‡i _v‡Kb| Avi ev¯Íevq‡bi KvRwU cÖ‡KŠkjx GKRb
wVKv`vi wb‡qvM K‡i Zv‡K `vwq‡Z¡ w`‡q _v‡Kb|
wet`ªt KLbI KLbI gvwjK wb‡RB wVKv`vi wb‡qvM K‡i cÖ‡KŠkjxi mvnv‡h¨
wbg©vY KvR Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) BZ¨vw` cÖ‡qvRbxq Dc‡`k w`‡q
_v‡Kb|
(P) feb (wewìs) t
Qv` I †`qvjhy³ ¯’vb‡K Kÿ (iæg) ejv nq Ges K‡qKwU K‡ÿi
(iæ‡gi) mgš^‡q GKwU feb ˆZix nq|

33. 61 62
wbg©vY mvgMÖx Abyhvqx evwo ev feb‡K mvaviYZ wbgœ‡kªYx‡Z fvM Kiv nq|
†hgb t
(1) KuvPv-feb (Kucha-Building)|
(2) Avav-cvKv feb (Semi-Pucca Building)|
(3) cvKv-feb (Pucca-Building)|
[6-2] evwoi bKkv (cø¨vb) I Bnvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv t

(K) evwoi bKkv (cø¨vb) t
(1) bKkv (cø¨vb) eZ©gvb Ges fwel¨Z evwo e¨env‡ii Rb¨ myôz Av‡qvRb
Ges e¨e¯’v wb‡`©k K‡i|
(2) evwo ev fe‡bi Pvwiw`‡K myôzfv‡e evZvm PjvP‡ji (Ventilation) e¨e¯’v
wb‡`©k K‡i|
(3) cø¨v‡bi mvnv‡h¨ evwoi iæ‡gi mvBR Aí Li‡P m¤úbœ Kiv hvq|
(4) bKkv (cø¨vb) Av‡jv, evZvm Ges iv¯Ív cqtcÖYvjx (m¨vwb‡Ukb) BZ¨vw`
myôz e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
(5) Bnv evwoi wbivc` e¨e¯’v wbwðZ K‡i|
(6) cø¨v‡bi mvnv‡h¨ evwoi wbg©v‡Yi e¨q wbiƒcb Kiv hvq, BZ¨vw`|

(L) evwoi bKkv (cø¨vb) ˆZixi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv t
mvaviYZ wbgœwjwLZ Kvi‡Y evwoi bKkv (cø¨vb) ˆZix Kiv nq| †hgb t
(1) bKkvi (cø¨vb) mvnv‡h¨ mvBU cwi`k©b I Rwic (mv‡f©) Kiv nq|
(2) evwoi K‡ÿi (iæg) cø¨vb Kiv mnR nq| †hgb t AvqZ‡ÿÎ AvK…wZi
iæg eM©vK…wZ AvK…wZi iæ‡gi PvB‡Z †ekx myweavRbK cø¨vb|
(3) Av‡jv, evZvm, cvwb, myqv‡iR, M¨vm BZ¨vw` my-e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ cø¨vb ˆZix
Kiv nq|
(4) cø¨v‡bi mvnv‡h¨ evwoi w`K (Orientation) wb‡`©kbv K‡i|
(5) evwoi GKvšÍZv (Privacy) Ges †mŠ›`h©¨ea©b (Elegance) wb‡`©k K‡i|
(6) Bnv mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨ iÿv, RxebhvÎvi Avnvi-wb`ªv, cov‡kvbv, cwiPh©v
BZ¨vw` myôzfv‡e cwiPvwjZ K‡i|
(7) cø¨vb Rwgi mwVK e¨envi wbwðZ K‡i|
(8) cø¨v‡bi mvnv‡h¨ evwoi wbg©vY LiP Kg nq|
bKkv (cø¨vb) cÖYq‡b mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKv t
cÖwZwU evwo ev feb wbg©v‡Yi c~‡e© cø¨vb cÖYqb Ges cø¨vb cvk
(ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vwjwU/†cŠimfv KZ…©K Aby‡gv`b) Kiv Avek¨K|
(M) cø¨vb cÖYq‡b e¨vL¨v t
†h cø‡Ui gvwjK ev Rwgi gvwjK evwo ev fe‡bi cø¨vb ˆZix Ki‡Z Pvb
†mB gvwj‡Ki Aek¨B AvwK©‡U± wKsev cø¨vbvi Kv‡Q Zvi evwo evbv‡bvi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges wewfbœ w`K D‡jøL¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb t cøU gvwj‡Ki
KqwU kqb Kÿ (†eWiæg) cÖ‡qvRb, KqwU ev_iæg, KqwU eviv›`v, †óvi
iæg, mv‡f©›U iæg cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q wKbv BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv K‡i AvwK©‡U±
wKsev cø¨vbvi‡K ej‡Z n‡e wKsev eywS‡q w`‡Z n‡e| Ae‡k‡l gvwj‡Ki
cQ›` Ges A_© (ev‡RU) Abyhvqx AvwK©‡U± (cø¨vbvi) P~ovšÍ cø¨vb ˆZix
K‡i _v‡Kb|

[6-3] AvevwmK feb Ges Bnvi wewfbœ As‡ki bvg t
(K) wewfbœ cÖKvi fe‡bi (wewìs) bvg t
(1) AvevwmK feb (2) wkÿvjq feb
(3) nvmcvZvj feb (4) KviLvbv feb
(5) Awdm feb (6) e¨emvwqK feb
(7) †MvWvDb (8) G¨v‡m¤^wj feb|
(9) BZ¨vw`
(L) AvevwmK fe‡bi wewfbœ iæ‡gi bvgmg~n wbgœiƒc t
(1) WªBs iæg| (2) WvBwbs iæg|
(3) †eW iæg| (4) Awdm iæg|
(5) †M÷ iæg| (6) wK‡Pb iæg|
(7) †óvi iæg (8) ev_ iæg|
(9) †cw›Uª (dzW) iæg| (10) †Wªwms iæg|
(11) m¤§yL Ges wcQb eviv›`v| (12) wmuwo Ni (wP‡j‡KvVv)|
(13) †M‡iR iæg| (14) mv‡f©›U iæg|
(15) †cvm© ev †Kbwc (evwn‡ii Ask)| (16) cªv_©bv iæg (†cÖqvi iæg)
(17) cov‡kvbvi Ni (÷vwW iæg)| (18) BZ¨vw`|

34. 63 64
[6-4] evwoi wewfbœ iæ‡gi mvBR (AvKvi) wbgœiƒc t

µwgK bs K‡ÿi (iæ‡gi) weeiY dzU c×wZ (FPS) wgUvi c×wZ (MKS)
(1) WªBs iæg óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(13-6  13-0)
bigvj mvBR t
(13-6  13-0)

(4.2  4.0)

(4.2  4.0)
(2) WªBs-WvBwbs iæg óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(17-0  15-6)
bigvj mvBR t
(13-6  13-0)

(5.2  4.8)

(4.2  4.0)
(3) †eW iæg óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(13-0  15-6)
bigvj mvBR t
(10-0  13-6)

(4.2  4.8)

(3.04  4.2)
(4) WvBwbs iæg óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(11-0  12-0)
bigvj mvBR t
(10-0  10-0)

(3.08  3.66)

(3.08  3.05)
(5) ivbœv Ni
(wK‡Pb iæg)
óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(9-10  9-10)
bigvj mvBR t
(8-0  9-10)

(3.0  3.0)

(2.5  3.0)
(6) covi Ni
(÷vwW iæg)
óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(10-0  11-9)
bigvj mvBR t
(10-0  11-9)

(3.0  3.6)

(3.0  3.6)
(7) AwZw_ Ni
(†M÷ iæg)
óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(10-0  11-9)

(3.0  3.6)
(8) †cvkvK Ni
(†Wªm iæg)
óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(8-0  7-0)

(1.8  2.5)
(9) †óvi, c¨vw›Uª iæg óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(8-0  9-10)

(2.5  3.0)
(10) ev_ iæg óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(5-0  7-0)
bigvj mvBR t
(5-10  4-0)

(1.8  2.5)

(2.13  1.52)
(11) eviv›`v óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(8-0) (cÖ¯’)
bigvj mvBR t
(5-0) (cÖ¯’)

2.5 wg. (cÖ¯’)

1.8 wg (cÖ¯’)
(12) wmuwo Ni
(wP‡j‡KvVv)
óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(7-0  16-0)

(2.13  4.9)
(13) wmuwoi D”PZv
(ivBR)
wmuwoi PIov (†UªW)
óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(0-6)
óª¨vÛvW© mvBR t
(0-10)

(0.15)

(0.25)
[6-5] AvevwmK fe‡bi cø¨vb I Bnvi wewfbœ w`Kmg~n t
(K) AvevwmK fe‡bi bKkv (cø¨vb) t
mvaviY nvDwRs †mvmvBwU‡Z evwo ˆZix Kiv DwPZ| †Kbbv †mLv‡b iv¯Ív,
Mwj óª¨vÛvW© mvBR (15-0) _v‡K| †mLv‡b cvwb, we`y¨r, M¨vm, myqv‡iR
jvBb BZ¨vw` cwiKwíZ fv‡e e¨e¯’v _v‡K| Bnv Qvov ¯‹zj, K‡jR,
†Ljvi gvV, cvK©, evRvi BZ¨vw`i myweavI cwiKwíZ fv‡e _v‡K|


bKkv (cø¨vb) m¤ú‡K© mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKv t
bKkv (cø¨vb) eZ©gvb ivRDK wKsev Ab¨vb¨ KZ…©cÿ KZ…©K dz‡Ui gv‡c
MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| ZvB bKkv AsK‡bi mgq Zv wgUvi I wgwj wgUvi c×wZ‡Z
AuvK‡Z n‡e|
(L) evwo ev fe‡bi wewfbœ w`Kmg~n t
†h mKj w`K (welq) we‡ePbv K‡i evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix Kiv nq, Zv
mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(1) cÖ_gZt †fŠMwjK w`K †hgb t c~e©-cwðg, DËi-`wÿY w`K we‡ePbv K‡i
cø¨vbvi bKkv (cø¨vb) ˆZix K‡i _v‡Kb|
(2) wØZxqZt evZv‡mi w`K Ges m~‡h©i Av‡jv BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv K‡i evwoi
cø¨vb ˆZix Kiv nq|
(3) AwaKš‘, K‡ÿi (iæg) e¨e¯’v, `iRv-Rvbvjv, eviv›`v, mvb‡mW BZ¨vw`i
Ae¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i cø¨vbvi ev AvwK©‡U± evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix K‡i _v‡Kb|
wet`ªt ¯^í g~‡j¨ evwoi cø¨vb t GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, cÖ‡Z¨K cø¨vbvi ev
AvwK©‡U± hZ`~i m¤¢e ¯^í g~‡j¨ (Economy way) evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix Kiv
DwPZ|

35. 65 66
[6-6] AvevwmK feb wbg©v‡Y cÖ‡qvRbxq WªBsmg~n t

µwgK
bs
WªBs-Gi weeiY µwgK
bs
WªBs-Gi weeiY

(K) AvwK©‡UKPvivj WªBs (mg~n) (L) óªvKPvivj WªBs (mg~n)
(1) mvBU cø¨vb WªBs (1) dvD‡Ûkb †j- AvDU WªBs
(2) †d¬vi cø¨vb WªBs (2) cvBj, dzwUs, Kjvg WªBs
(3) Qv‡`i (iæd) WªBs (3) †MÖW weg WªBs
(4) b_© Gwj‡fkb (DËi Ask)
(†mKkb WªBs)
(4) gvwUi bx‡Pi cvwbi U¨vs‡Ki
WªBs
(5) mvD_ Gwj‡fkb (`wÿY Ask) (5) †d¬vi (†g‡S) WªBs
(6) B÷ Gwj‡fkb (c~e© Ask) (6) Qv‡`i (iæd ¯ø¨ve) WªBs
(7) I‡q÷ Gwj‡fkb (cwðgvsk) (7) we‡gi WªBs
(8) †mKkb WªBs (8) Kjv‡gi WªBs
(9) wmuwo Ni (wP‡j‡KvVv) WªBs (9) wmuwoi WªBs
(10) Kjvg mg~‡ni WªBs (10) Ifvi‡nW U¨vsK WªBs
(11) Iqvj mg~‡ni WªBs (11) eviv›`v (†ejKwb) WªBs
(12) `iRv-Rvbvjvi WªBs BZ¨vw`
(M) B‡jw±ªK¨vj WªBs (mg~n) (N) m¨v‡bUvix (cøvw¤^s) WªBs
(1) B‡jw±ªK¨vj wdwUs wdKPvi,
Kb‡WvBU †j-AvDU WªBs
(1) m¨vwbUvix †j-AvDU Ges
wdKPvi, cø¨vw¤^s
(2) wmwjs WªBs (2) Uq‡jU †j-AvDU WªBs
(3) MDB, DB Ges SB (mvwK©U
WvqvMÖvg) WªBs
(3) AvB‡mv‡gwUªK IqvUvi jvBb
WªBs
(4) DB, SB (mvwK©U WvqvMÖvg) WªBs (4) †mcwUK U¨vsK, mvi‡dm
†Wªb WªBs
(5) wm‡½j jvBb mvwK©U WvqvMÖvg (5) BZ¨vw`
[6-7] d¬¨vU A_ev G¨vcvU©‡g›U fe‡bi mswÿß weeiY t
d¬¨vU A_ev G¨vcvU©‡g›U feb (wewìs) mvaviYZ kni A‡ji Rbeûj Gwiqvq
Ges AZ¨vwaK e¨qeûj mvB‡U wbwg©Z nq| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b kn‡i
G¨vcvU©‡g›U ev d¬vU wbwg©Z n‡q _v‡K| †hgbt Awdm KvR, weR‡bm KvR, ¯‹zj-
K‡jR, nvmcvZvj BZ¨vw` cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY hvnv n‡Z Aí mg‡q mnRfv‡e
evm¯’v‡bi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv hvq| Giƒc my‡hvM myweav we‡ePbv K‡i Rbeûj kn‡i
d¬vU wKsev G¨vcvU©‡g›U ˆZix n‡q _v‡K|
wet`ªt eZ©gv‡b XvKv kn‡i Rbeûj Gwiqvq Ges AZ¨vwaK e¨qeûj RvqMvq
G¨vcvU©‡g›U ev d¬vU ˆZix n‡”Q|
(K) wewìs WªBs-Gi MvBW jvBb t
mvaviYZ cø¨vbvi, wWRvBbvi, WªvdUmg¨vb, mvBU BwÄwbqvi Ges Dnvi
mv‡_ mshy³ †UKwbK¨vj ÷vdMY WªBs-Gi mv‡_ mycwiwPZ _v‡Kb|
(L) †j-AvDU WªBs (Lay-out Drawing) t
†j-AvDU WªBs-Gi A_© t †h wewìs wbwg©Z n‡e Dnvi †ccvi WªBs mivmwi
gvwU (MÖvDÛ)-Gi Dci ¯’vcb Kiv nq| Iqvj Ges wcjvi †m›Uvi jvBb
we‡ePbv K‡i wbivc` `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L mvB‡U dvD‡Ûkb †UªÝ (mxgvbv)
jvBb wba©viY Kiv nq Ges †mB Abyhvqx gvwUi KvUvi KvR ïiæ Kiv nq|
(M) evwoi (feb) DËi w`K wb‡`©kbv (North Direction) t
mvaviYZ wewìs WªBs-G b_© c‡q›U ¯’vcb K‡i cø¨vbvi cø¨vb ˆZix K‡i
_v‡Kb Ges †mB Abyhvqx WªBs wmU ˆZix Kiv nq|
(N) wewìs WªBs (Building Drawing) t
wewìs WªBs mvaviYZ wbgœwjwLZ As‡k wef³ t
(1) cø¨vb (Plan) WªBs (2) Gwj‡fkb (Elevation) WªBs
(3) †mKkb (Section) WªBs (4) BZ¨vw`|

36. 67 68
Fig. Site Plan




Fig. Key Plan of Columns and Plinth Beams

37. 69 70
[7-1] cÖavb wbg©vY wewa|
[7-2] evwoi bKkv (cø¨vb) ˆZixi kZ©mg~n|
[7-3] feb (wewìs) wbg©v‡Y Aby‡gv`‡bi kZ©mg~n|
[7-4] ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vj cø¨vb wmU I Bnvi msw¶ß weeiY|
[7-5] ivRDK-G bKkv (cø¨vb) Rgv †`Iqvi c~‡e© cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ|
[7-6] AvevwmK feb wbg©v‡Yi g~j (Basic) wbqgvejx|
[7-7] evwo wbg©v‡Y cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZ…©K Aby‡gv`‡bi kZ©mg~n|
[7-8] BgviZ wbg©vY wewagvjv 1996-Gi msw¶ß weeiY|
mßg Aa¨vq
ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vj KZ…©K
evwoi cø¨vb cv‡ki c×wZ

Av‡jvPbv I mswÿß m~PxcÎ











[7-1] cÖavb wbg©vY wewa t
cÖavb wbg©vY wewa (East Bengal Building Construction Act 1952) Abyhvqx
¯^xK…Z Ges †mB wbg©vY wewa wgDwbwmc¨vwjwU, ivRDK, wmwWG, †KwWG, AviwWG
(RAJUK), (CDA), (KDA), (RDA) Ges Ab¨vb¨ UvDb KwgwU Øviv AšÍf~©³|
eûZj feb wbg©vY cÖm‡½ (Multi-storied Building) t
eûZj fe‡bi KvVv‡gv (óªvKPvivj) wWRvBb myMfxi fv‡e wbiƒcb Ki‡Z n‡e
†hb ch©vß Av‡jv, evZvm Ges evZvm cÖev‡ni my-e¨e¯’v _v‡K| evqy cÖevn,
f~wgK¤ú I AwMœ cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vmn óªvKPvivj wWRvBb ˆZix I wbg©v‡Y AwaKZi
wbivcËv e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
[7-2] evwoi bKkv (cø¨vb) ˆZixi kZ©mg~n t
evwoi cø¨vb t wbgœwjwLZ kZ©¸wj Øviv cø¨vb ˆZix Kiv nq t
(1) mvBU cø¨vb-G evDÛvix jvBb msjMœ iv¯Ív Ges DËi-w`K (North-
Direction) †`Lv‡Z nq|
(2) evwoi cø¨vb, Gwj‡fkb Ges †mKkb †`Lv‡Z nq|
(3) cø¨vb-G cvwb wb®‹vkb (†Wª‡bR), cqtjvBb (myqv‡iR jvBb) †`Lv‡Z nq|
(4) cø¨v‡bi †mKkbvj WªBs-G dzwUs Iqvj Ges mvBR, evwoi Qv` (iæd
¯ø¨ve), weg, Kjvg BZ¨vw` †`Lv‡Z nq|
(5) Ae‡k‡l, mKj cø¨vb-G Rwgi gvwjK Ges †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ AvwK©‡U±
wKsev BwÄwbqvi Øviv ¯^vÿi Ki‡Z nq|
[7-3] feb (wewìs) wbg©v‡Y Aby‡gv`‡bi kZ©mg~n t
Aby‡gv`‡bi e¨vL¨v t
cÖ_g t evwo ev feb wbg©vY Kivi Rb¨ ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vj KZ…©K evwo wbg©vY
Kivi Aby‡gv`b cÖ‡qvRb nq|
wØZxq t evsjv‡`‡ki ivRavbx XvKvi Rb¨ ivRavbx Dbœqb KZ…©cÿ (ivRDK),
ivRkvnx Dbœqb KZ…©cÿ R.D.A = (Rajshahi Development Authority), Lyjbv
I wPUvMvs Dbœqb KZ…©cÿ (K.D.A I C.D.A) mn †`‡k †gvU 65wU
wgDwbwmc¨vj KZ…©cÿ i‡q‡Q| BgviZ wbg©vY wewagvjv Abyhvqx Gme KZ…©cÿ
cÖ_‡g evwoi cø¨vb cvk K‡i _v‡Kb| Zvici cø¨vb Abyhvqx evwo wbg©vY Kiv nq|
wgDwbwmc¨vj KZ…©c‡ÿi cwi`k©Kiv wewa-†gvZv‡eK wbg©vY KvR Pj‡Q wKbv Zv
Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) K‡i _v‡Kb|
Aby‡gv`‡bi kZ© t †h mKj e¨w³ b~Zb feb (wewìs) wbg©vY wKsev cyivZb feb
(wewìs) cybivq wbg©vY wKsev cwieZ©b, cwiea©b BZ¨vw` ˆZix Ki‡Z B”QyK †m
mKj e¨w³‡`i ivRDK KZ…©K wba©vwiZ dig c~iY K‡i ivRDK wbqgvbyhvqx
cø¨vb ˆZix Ges wba©vwiZ wd-mn Av‡e`b Ki‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt ivRDK KZ…©K wbqgvbyhvqx cø¨vb cv‡ki Rb¨ GKRb †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ
AvwK©‡U± A_ev cÖ‡KŠkjx KZ…©K cø¨vb ˆZix K‡i Dnv ivRDK KZ…©c‡ÿi Kv‡Q
Rgv w`‡Z n‡e| AZtci ivRDK wbqgvbyhvqx D³ cø¨vb wba©vwiZ mg‡q cvk ev
Aby‡gv`b n‡q _v‡K|

38. 71 72
cø¨vb cv‡ki e¨e¯’vKiY c×wZ-1 t
evsjv‡`‡k ¯^xK…Z AvwK©‡UKPvivj I óªvKPvivj KbmvjwUs dvg©-Gi mv‡_
†hvMv‡hvM K‡i cø¨vb wmU ˆZix K‡i Rgv †`Iqv DwPZ|
e¨e¯’vKiY c×wZ-2 t
Avcbvi Rwg ev cø‡Ui cv‡k †h mKj e¨w³/cÖwZ‡ekx BwZg‡a¨ cø¨vb cvk K‡i
evwo wbg©vY K‡ib ev Kwi‡Z‡Qb Zv‡`i mv‡_ cÖ‡qvR‡b civgk© K‡i wm×všÍ
†bIqv DwPr|
e¨e¯’vKiY c×wZ-3 t
cwiwPZ I AwfÁ AvwK©‡U± wKsev BwÄwbqvi civgk© wb‡q cø¨vb ˆZix K‡i
ivRD‡K Rgv †`Iqv DwPZ|
[7-4] ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vj wbqgvbyhvqx cø¨vbwmU ˆZix t
cø¨vb cv‡ki Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ wbgœwjwLZ bKkv (cø¨vb) Ges KvMRcÎvw`
cÖ‡qvRb nq ev Rgv w`‡Z nq| A_©vr
(1) ivRDK (wW.AvB.wU)/wgDwbwmc¨vj wm‡U wbgœwjwLZ bKkv (cø¨vb) mg~n
†`Lv‡Z nq| †hgb t
(K) MÖvDÛ †d¬vi cø¨vb|
(L) Ab¨vb¨ (wUwcK¨vj) †d¬vi cø¨vb|
(M) m¤§yL (cÖavb) Gwj‡fkb|
(N) †mKkbvj Gwj‡fkb|
(O) †j-AvDU cø¨vb|
(P) mvBU cø¨vb|
(Q) Kjvg ev †`qv‡ji dvD‡Ûkb (Kgc‡ÿ GKwU)|
(R) wcøš’ Gwiqv (†gvU KfviW Gwiqv)|
(S) BZ¨vw`|
wet`ªt cø¨vb cv‡ki Rb¨ cø¨vb wm‡Ui mvBR mvaviYZ t 20  30
(500 wg.wg.  750 wg.wg.) n‡Z n‡e| GB cø¨vb wm‡U ivRDK cø¨vb wmU A_ev
wW.AvB.wU wmU ejv nq Ges 7 (mvZ) Kwc WªBs ˆZix K‡i A_©vr †Uªwms
†ccv‡ii mxU wcÖ›U K‡i (7 Kwc) A_ivBRW Awdmvi wKsev wbe©vnx Awdmvi
Øviv Aby‡gv`b K‡i Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq wd-mn Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
(2) bKkv (cø¨vb) †¯‹j Gwj‡fkb Ges †mKkb 1 = 8 dzU n‡Z n‡e|
(3) mvBU cø¨vb †¯‹j 1 = 330 dzU cø‡Ui mv‡c‡ÿ jvj wPý wbiƒcY Ki‡Z
n‡e|
(4) †j-AvDU cø¨vb-G iv¯Ív Ges wewìs-Gi m¤§yLw`K, cvk¦© w`K Ges wcQb
w`K ivRDK wbqgvbyhvqx †Lvjv RvqMv (†mU †eK) †`Lv‡Z n‡e|
(5) bKkv (cø¨vb)-G iæg †`Lv‡Z n‡e|
(6) cÖ¯ÍvweZ feb (wewìs)-G †mKkbmn dvD‡Ûkb †`Lv‡Z n‡e|
(7) †¯‹j, †gŠRv, cøU b¤^i Ges Rwgi gvwjK-Gi bvg cwi¯‹vifv‡e D‡jøL
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(8) cø¨vb-G Rwgi gvwjK-Gi ¯^vÿi (Sign.) _vK‡Z n‡e|
(9) cø¨vb cv‡ki wmwWDj dig-G Rwgi gvwjK KZ…©K h_vh_ fv‡e c~iY
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(10) mvBU cø¨vb ˆZixi kZ©mg~n t
(K) cvk¦©eZ©x cøUmn cøU evDÛvix jvBb|
(L) bvgmn iv¯Ív (†ivW)|
(M) cÖavb mo‡Ki (†gBb †ivW) Ae¯’vb|
(N) iv¯Ívi †m›Uvi †_‡K wewìs-Gi `yiZ¡|
(O) DËi-w`K (North-Direction)|
(P) BZ¨vw`|
[7-5] ivRD‡K bKkv (cø¨vb) Rgv †`Iqvi c~‡e© cÖ‡qvRbxq
KvMRcÎmg~n t
ivRD‡K bKkv (cø¨vb) Rgv †`Iqvi c~‡e© wbgœwjwLZ welqmg~n cixÿv K‡i †`Lv
cÖ‡qvRb| †hgb t
(1) Av‡e`bcÎ mwVKfv‡e c~iY Kiv n‡q‡Q wKbv|
(2) wm.Gm. bKkvq Rwgi Ae¯’vb †`Lvb n‡q‡Q wKbv|
(3) †j-AvDU cø¨v‡b †¯‹j I Ab¨vb¨ Z_¨vw` mwVK Av‡Q wKbv|
(4) BgviZ wbg©v‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cvjbxq kZ©vejx mwVK Av‡Q wKbv|
(5) mgq ewa©ZKi‡Yi cÖgvYcÎ Av‡Q wKbv (hw` cÖ‡hvR¨ nq)|
(6) Rwg‡Z hvIqvi iæU g¨vc †`Iqv n‡q‡Q wKbv|
(7) Rwgi gvwjKvbvi cÖgvYcÎ Av‡Q wKbv|
(8) e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwgi †ejvq ivRD‡Ki kni cwiKíbvwe‡`i QvocÎ
Av‡Q wKbv|
(9) ivRDK ev miKvi KZ©©„K eiv×K…Z Rwgi †ejvq mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi
QvocÎ Av‡Q wKbv|
(10) cwi‡ek Awa`‡ßi QvocÎ Av‡Q wKbv, BZ¨vw`|

39. 73 74
(K) emev‡mi iæg (wjwfs iæg).........> 11 eM© wgUvi (120 eM©dzU)
(L) wK‡Pb iæg ............................> 5.6 eM© wgUvi (60 eM©dzU)
(M) ev_iæg.................................> 1.8 eM©wgUvi (20 eM©dzU)
(N) mv‡f©›Um& †KvqvUvim.................> 9.3 eM© wgUvi (100 eM©dzU)
(O) †jwUªb (W.C) ........................> 1.5 eM© wgUvi (16 eM©dzU)
(P) KgevBÛ ev_ Ges (W.C)..........> 2.8 eM©wgUvi (30 eM©dzU)
[7-6] GKwU AvevwmK evwo wbg©v‡Yi g~j (Basic) wbqgvejx t
GKwU AvevwmK feb (†iwm‡Wbwmqvj wewìs) wbg©v‡Yi g~j (Basic) wbqgvejx
mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
evwoi †gvU KfviW Gwiqv (wcøš’ Gwiqv ev †d¬vi Gwiqv) t evwoi †gvU KfviW
Gwiqv = cøU Gwiqvi 2/3 Ask ivL‡Z n‡e|
evwoi Pvwiw`‡K †Lvjv RvqMv ivLvi wbqg t m¤§yL fvM, wcQ‡bi w`K, cvk¦© w`K
mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(K) m¤§yL fvM t m¤§yL fv‡Mi me©wbgœ †Lvjv RvqMv = 3 wgUvi (10 dzU)|
(L) me©wbgœ `~iZ¡ iv¯Ívi †K›`ª¯’j n‡Z = 4.5 wgUvi (15 dzU)|
(M) me©wbgœ †Lvjv RvqMv cvk¦©w`K n‡Z = 1.5 wgUvi (4.5 dzU)|
(N) me©wbgœ †Lvjv RvqMv wcQ‡bi w`K n‡Z = 3 wgUvi (10 dzU)|
wet`ªt †M‡iR, mv‡f©›Um †KvqvU©vm, †jwUªb, BZ¨vw` wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P D”PZv
= wcøš’ wj‡fj †_‡K 2.8 wgUvi (9 dzU) n‡Z n‡e|
evwoi cÖ‡RKkb jvBb (Projection / Margins) ivLvi wbqg (Qv`, Kvwb©k I
mvb‡mW BZ¨vw` wbg©vY) t
(K) Bgvi‡Zi Qv` Ggbfv‡e wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e †hb Dnv n‡Z iv¯Ív ev
A‡b¨i Rwg‡Z wKsev KvVv‡gv‡Z cvwb wb¯‹vkb bv nq|
(L) Bgvi‡Zi Qv` ev Kvwb©k Avewk¨K †Lvjv ¯’v‡bi Dc‡i m‡e©v”P 0.50
wgUvi ch©šÍ ewa©Z Kiv hv‡e|
(M) Bgvi‡Zi `iRv ev Rvbvjvi Dci m‡e©v”P 0.50 wgUvi cÖ‡¯’i
mvb‡mW Avewk¨K †Lvjv ¯’v‡b wbg©vY Kiv hv‡e|

evwoi iæ‡gi mvBR ivLvi wbqg t
wewfbœ iæ‡gi me©wbgœ †d¬vi Gwiqv wb‡gœ †`Iqv n‡jv t







(5-0) K‡ÿi (iæ‡gi) D”PZv ivLvi wbqg t
(K) †d¬vi †_‡K wmwjs-Gi me©wbgœ D”PZv = 3 wgUvi (10 dzU)|
(L) ivbœvNi, †÷viiæg I ev_iæ‡gi me©wbgœ D”PZv = 3 wgUvi (10 dzU)|
(M) †M‡iR, mv‡f©›Um †Kvq©vUv‡ii me©wbgœ D”PZv = 2.8 wgUvi (9 dzU)
(6-0) evwoi wcøš’ (MÖvDÛ †d¬vi) D”PZv ivLvi wbqg t
feb (wewìs)-Gi wcøš’ Gi D”PZv gvwUi †j‡fj ev iv¯Ívi †j‡fj
†_‡K ai‡Z n‡e Ges †mB D”PZv Kgc‡ÿ 1 dzU 6 Bw iv¯Ívi †j‡fj
†_‡K ivL‡Z n‡e|
(7-0) evwo‡Z Av‡jv Ges evZv‡mi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv t
cÖ‡Z¨K evmN‡ii †Lvjv RvqMv †hgb `iRv-Rvbvjv, †dbjvBU, †Lvjv
eviv›`v BZ¨vw` _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
(8-0) evwo‡Z wmuwo ivLvi wbqg t
wmuwoi me©wbgœ cÖ¯’ = 1 wgUvi (3 dzU) ivL‡Z n‡e|
(K) †UªW-Gi me©wbgœ cÖ¯’ = 25 †m.wg. (10 BwÂ) Ges
(L) ivBR = 15 †m.wg. (6 BwÂ) _vK‡Z n‡e|
(9-0) m¨vwbUvix Kv‡Ri wbqg t
cÖwZwU Uq‡jU, cqtbvjx (myqv‡iR jvBb) Øviv mshy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| cvKv †Wªb
iv¯Ívi wKbvivi †Wª‡bi mv‡_ mshy³ †i‡L ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †Wª‡bi †klvsk

40. 75 76

mvi‡dm IqvUvi-Gi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| evwn‡ii evZv‡mi
Rb¨ ev_iæg (W.C.)-G Kgc‡ÿ GKwU Iqv‡ji Ask †Lvjv ivL‡Z
n‡e|
(10-0) ivbœv N‡ii e¨e¯’v t
ivbœv N‡ii Mig evZvm I Kv‡jv †avqv evwni nIqvi Rb¨ e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z
n‡e|
(11-0) evwoi Qv‡`i e¨e¯’v t
wewìs-Gi Qv` Ggbfv‡e ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e †hb Qv` wbg©v‡Yi ci Qv‡`i
e„wói cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi e¨e¯’v _v‡K|
(12-0) evwo‡Z wjdU emv‡bvi wbqg t
†h mg¯Í wewìs 15 wgUv‡ii †ekx DuPz n‡e †mB mg¯Í wewìs-G AšÍZt
20 cwiev‡ii Rb¨ GKLvbv wjd‡Ui e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| †mB wjdU
Lvbv bxPZjv n‡Z Dc‡ii Zjv ch©šÍ e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e Ges GKwU
wjd‡Ui me©wbgœ ÿgZv 6 (Qq) Rb|
(13-0) cvwb mieiv‡ni (IqvUvi mvcøvB) e¨e¯’v t
feb (wewìs)-Gi Qv‡` Ifvi‡nW U¨vsK 1800 wjUvi cvwb avib
ÿgZv _vK‡Z n‡e Ges mv‡_ cv¤úmn AvÛvi MÖvDÛ cvwbi U¨vsK-Gi
e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e|
(14-0) cvwb wb®‹vkb (†Wª‡bR wm‡÷g) e¨e¯’v t
cqtwb®‹vkb jvB‡bi mv‡_ †mcwUK U¨vsK Ges †mvKwcU mvwf©‡mi
my-e¨e¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e|
(15-0) evwoi KvVv‡gv ev óªvKPvivj wWRvBb ˆZixi c×wZ t
Avi.wm.wm. (R.C.C) †d«g, wój †d«g Ges wU¤^vi †d«‡gi wWRvBb
Dchy³ jvB‡mÝavix óªvKPvivj BwÄwbqvi Øviv ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, Iqvj dvD‡Ûkb wewìs Pvi Zjv ch©šÍ
wWRvBb Ges wbg©vY Kivi AbygwZ i‡q‡Q|
(16-0) wbg©vY mvgMÖx mieivn Ges wbg©vY KvwiMi wb‡qvM e¨e¯’v t
wbg©vY KvR h_vh_ Aby‡gvw`Z gvbm¤úbœ mvgMÖx Øviv ˆZix Ki‡Z
A½xKvie× _vK‡Z n‡e| evwoi gvwjK Ges cÖ‡KŠkjx KZ…©K `ÿ I
AwfÁ wbg©vY KvwiMi wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
(17-0) evwoi dvD‡Ûkb KvR t
cÖ‡Z¨K wewìs-Gi dvD‡Ûkb I óªvKPvi wWRvBb Ges KbóªvKkb gvwUi
Dchy³ fvienb ÿgZv (†md †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU) Abyhvqx wbg©vY Ki‡Z
n‡e|

41. 77 78
(18-0) wbivc` KvVv‡gv (óªvKPvivj †mdwU) ˆZixi wbqg t
cÖ‡Z¨K óªvKPvi wbg©v‡Yi mgq Aby‡gvw`Z wWRvBb I wmwWDj Abyhvqx
ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †mB mv‡_ me©`v wbivc` KvVv‡gv wbg©v‡Y wbwðZ
_vK‡Z n‡e|
(19-0) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) e¨e¯’v t
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri gvbwbqš¿Y iÿvi Rb¨ evwoi gvwjK Ges mvBU
BwÄwbqv‡ii mnvqZvq Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb, Gw÷‡gU,
Kv‡Ri weeiY (wmwWDj) BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx wbg©vY KvR Z`viwK
(mycviwfkb) Ki‡Z n‡e|

[7-7] evwo wbg©v‡Y cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZ…©K kZ©mg~n t
evwo wbg©v‡Y cvwb, we`y¨r, M¨vm, iv¯Ív PjvPj, †Uwj‡dvb, BZ¨vw` mvwf©m e¨e¯’v
e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZ…©K QvocÎ wKsev Aby‡gv`b cÎ wb‡Z n‡e|

[7-8] BgviZ wbg©vY wewagvjvi-1996-Gi mswÿß weeiY
(ivRDK wbqgvbyhvqx) t
Building Construction Act, 1952 (E.B. Act 11 of 1953)-Gi section 18-G
cÖ`Ë ÿgZve‡j miKvi (MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi, M„nvqb I MYc~Z©
gš¿Yvjq) wbgœiƒc wewagvjv cÖYqb Kiv nBj| h_v t
(1) BgviZ (wewìs) wbg©vY Aby‡gv`‡bi Av‡e`b|
(2) BgviZ (wewìs) wbg©vY BZ¨vw`i Aby‡gv`‡bi wd|
(3) BgviZ (wewìs) wbg©vY bKkv (cø¨vb)|
(4) bKkv cÖYqbKvix‡`i †hvM¨Zv|
(5) Av‡e`b wb¯úwË|
(6) mvBU msjMœ iv¯Ív I Dnv nB‡Z Bgvi‡Zi `yiZ¡|
(7) ˆe`y¨wZK jvBb nB‡Z Bgvi‡Zi `yiæZ¡|
(8) wewfbœ Bgvi‡Zi f~wg e¨env‡ii bxwZgvjv|
(9) mxgvbv †`qvj (evDÛvix Iqvj)|
(10) Bgvi‡Zi D”PZv|
(11) Mvox cvwK©s e¨e¯’v|
(12) wewfbœ Zjvi bvg I f~-Mf©¯’ Zjv wbg©v‡Yi kZ©vejx|
(13) Av‡jv-evZvm PjvP‡ji e¨e¯’v|
(14) Qv`, Kvwb©k I mvb‡mW BZ¨vw`i wbg©vY|
(15) Riæix wbM©gY c_ I Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’vmg~n|
(16) AvevwmK BgviZ wbg©v‡Yi we‡kl weavbejx|
(17) M¨v‡iR wbg©v‡Yi weavbejx|
(18) evwYwR¨K BgviZ I ¸`vg wbg©v‡Yi we‡kl weavbejx|
(19) mgv‡ek ¯’j RvZxq BgviZ wbg©v‡Yi we‡kl wbqgvejx|
(20) wkí BgviZ wbg©v‡Yi we‡kl wbqgvejx|
(21) †nv‡Uj wbg©v‡Yi we‡kl weavbejx|
(22) nvmcvZvj, wkÿv cÖwZôvb wbg©v‡Yi we‡kl weavbejx|
(23) mvZ ev Z‡ZvwaK Zjv wewkó BgviZ wbg©v‡Yi we‡kl weavbejx|
(24) we‡kl wbqš¿Y|
(25) †bvwUk RvixKiY|
(26) iwnZKiY, BZ¨vw`|
wet`ªt Dc‡iv³ wewagvjvq wek` weeiY (Building Construction Act 1952)
(EB Act 11 of 1953)-Gi Section 18-G ivRavbx Dbœqb KZ…©cÿ
(ivRDK) Abyhvqx BgviZ wbg©vY wewagvjv, 1996 (MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k
miKvi, M„nvqY I MYc~Z© gš¿Yvjq)-G cÖYqb Kiv Av‡Q|

42. 79 80

Modern Building Plan and Design

43. 81 82
Modern Building Plan and Design Modern Building Plan and Design

44. 83 84
Modern Building Plan and Design Modern Building Plan and Design

45. 85 86
Modern Building Plan and Design Modern Building Plan and Design

46. 87 88
Modern Building Plan and Design Modern Building Plan and Design

47. 89 90
Modern Building Plan and Design Modern Building Plan and Design

48. 91 92
Modern Building Plan and Design Modern Building Plan and Design

49. 93 94
Modern Building Plan and Design

Modern Building Plan and Design

50. 95 96
Modern Building Plan and Design

Modern Building Plan and Design

51. 97 98
Modern Building Plan and Design


AwZwi³ Aa¨vq-2

* dvD‡Ûkb (Foundation) t

Bnv AeKvVv‡gvi Ggb GKwU Ask hvnv‡Z AeKvVv‡gvi fi/IRb gvwUi Zjv‡Z
we¯Ívi jvf K‡i|
*dvD‡Ûkb KvR t

1| wewìs Gi fvi gvwU‡Z †cŠ‡Q †`Iqv|
2| wewìs I gvwUi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM ˆZix K‡i †`Iqv|
3| BZ¨vw`|

* dvD‡Ûk‡bi D‡Ïk¨ (Object of Foundation) t

 AeKvVv‡gvi fi/IRb‡K gvwUi wb‡P e¨vcK RvqMvq weZiY K‡i †`q
Ges AeKvVv‡gv‡K w¯’i iv‡L|
 gvwUi wb‡P Amg †m‡Uj‡g›U‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i|
 AeKvVv‡gv ev ÷ªvKPv‡ii w¯’wZkxjZv‡K e„w× K‡i Ges AeKvVv‡gv‡K
IfviUv©wbs †_‡K weiZ iv‡L|

* fvj dvD‡Ûkb ˆZix‡Z kZ©©mg~n wb¤œiƒc t

 mvB‡Ui Ae¯’vb (Location)
 w¯’wZkxjZv (Stability)
 dvD‡Ûkb ms‡KvPb (Settlement)
 BZ¨vw`|

* dvD‡Ûkb wech©‡qi KviYmg~n
(Casues of Failure of Foundation) t

1| mve-m‡q‡ji Amg †m‡Uj‡g‡›Ui Kvi‡Y|
(Unequal Settement of the Sub-Soil)
2| Muv_ywbi Amg †m‡Uj‡g‡›Ui Kvi‡Y|
(Unequal Settement of the Masonry)
3| msjMœ gvwUi Abyf~wgK PjvP‡ji Kvi‡Y|
(Horizontal Movement in Adjoining Soil)

52. 99 100
4| mve-m‡qj †_‡K cvwb D‡Ëvjb Kivi Kvi‡Y|
(Withdrawal of Moisture from the Sub-Soil)
5| mycvi-÷ªvKPv‡ii cvk¦©Pv‡ci Kvi‡Y|
(Lateral Pressure on the Super-Structure)
6| BZ¨vw`|

Fig. Foundation of an ordinary building

* dvD‡Ûkb wWRvB‡b f~wgK‡¤úi Rb¨ we‡eP¨ welq t
mvaviY KvVv‡gv MZ wWRvBb Abymv‡i evwo ˆZix Ki‡Z †h LiP nq Zvi mv‡_
mvgvb¨ AwZwi³ LiP †hvM K‡i f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡ivaK evwo ˆZix Kiv hvq|

dvD‡Ûkb cÖKvi‡f` (Types of Foundation) t

1| AMfxi dvD‡Ûkb (Shallow Foundation)|
2| Mfxi dvD‡Ûkb (Deep Foundation)|
1| AMfxi dvD‡Ûkb -Gi cÖKvi‡f`
(Types of Shallow Foundation) t
(K) †¯úªW dzwUs (Spread Footings)
(L) MÖx‡jR dvD‡Ûkb (Grillage Footings)|
(M) K¤^vBÛ dzwUs (Combined Footings)|
(N) g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb (Mat or Raft Foundation)|
(O) BZ¨vw`|

2| Mfxi dvD‡Ûkb - Gi cÖKv‡f` (Types of Deep Foundation) t
(K) cvBj dvD‡Ûkb (Pile Foundation)|
(L) Kdvi‡W¤ú (Cofferdams)|
(M) †Kkb dvD‡Ûkb (Caissons Foundation)|
(N) BZ¨vw`|

* f~-Mf©¯’ Zjv wbg©v‡Yi kZ©vejx t

f~-Mf©¯’ Zjvq AvevwmK Kÿ, ivbœvNi, ev_iæg BZ¨vw` ˆZix Kivi hv‡e bv|
f~-Mf©¯’ Zjvit
K| †`qvj Ges †g‡S cvwb I Av`ªZ©v †ivaK n‡Z n‡e|
L| mgMÖ ¯’vbwU ¯^vfvweK wKsev hvwš¿Kfv‡e evZvm PjvPj hy³ n‡Z n‡e|
M| f~wg mgvšÍivj b`©gvi cvwb, Zjvq cÖ‡ek †iv‡ai e¨e¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e|

3| dvD‡Ûk‡bi MfxiZv wb‡Pi Ae¯’vmg~‡ni Dci wbf©i K‡i
(Factors Affecting Depth of Foundation) t
(K) AeKvVv‡gv/÷ªvKPv‡ii fi/IR‡bi Dci (Load of Structure)|
(L) gvwUi Ae¯’v‡bi Dci (Soil Condition)|
(M) mvB‡U gvwUi Pviw`‡Ki Ae¯’v‡bi Dci (Surroundings)|
(N) BZ¨vw`|

53. 101 102
(Shallow Foundation)

AMfxi Ges Mfxi dvD‡Ûkb
(Shallow & Deep Foundation)




AMfxi/¯^í Mfxi dvD‡Ûk‡bi mswÿß weeiY t
 AMfxi dvD‡Ûkb (Shallow Foundation) t
AeKvVv‡gv/÷ªvKPv‡ii fi/IRb‡K gvwUi MÖvDÛ †j‡fj †_‡K ¯^í
MfxiZvq gvwUi wb‡P Zjvq †cŠ‡Q †`q|

 AMfxi dvD‡Ûkb -Gi cÖKvi‡f`
(Types of Shallow Foundation) t
(K) †¯úªW dzwUs
(L) MÖx‡jR dvD‡Ûkb|
(M) K¤^vBÛ dzwUs|
(N) g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb|
(O) BZ¨vw`|

(K) †¯úªW dzwUs (Spread Footings) t

mKj ¯^í MfxiZvi dvD‡Ûkb‡K †¯úªW dzwUs dvD‡Ûkb ejv nq|

* Avevi, †¯úªW dzwUs Gi cÖKvi‡f`t
(K) Iqvj dzwUs (Wall Footings)|
(L) †iBb†dvmW© KbwµU dzwUs (Reinforced Concrete Footings)|
(M) Bbfvi‡U©W AvP© dzwUs (Inverted Arch Footings)|
(N) Kjvg dzwUs (Column Footings)
(O) BZ¨vw`|
Avevi, wPÎmn-
(K) Iqvj dzwUs (Wall Footings) t











(L) †iBb †dvmW© KbwµU dzwUs (Reinforced Concrete Footings) t

54. 103 104
(M) Bbfvi‡U©W AvP© dzwUs (Inverted Arch Footings) t


(N) Kjvg dzwUs (Column Footings) t



















* Kjvg dzwUs (Column Footings) t






















 Kjvg dzwUs wbgv©‡Yi avcmg~n (Steps of Construction of Columns
Footing) t

1| gvwUKvUv (Excavation).
2| gvwUi Zjvi †j‡fj I †Wªwms Kiv (Leveling & Dressing)|
3| weªK d¬¨vU mwjs Kiv (Brick Flat Soling)|
4| wm.wm. †jqvi (wm‡g›U KbwµU †jqvi) (C.C Layer)|
5| dg©IqvK© (Formwork)|
6| †iBb‡dvm©‡g›U (i‡Wi KvR) (Reinforcement)|
7| KbwµU XvjvB (Concrete Casting)|
8| dg©IqvK© Ly‡j †djv (Removal of Formwork)|

55. 105 106
9| wKDwis (cvwb †`Iqv) (Curing)|
10| gvwU/evwj fivU Kiv (Back Filling), BZ¨vw`|

dg©IqvK©/mvUvwis-Gi cÖKvi‡f` (Types of Formwork/ Shuttring)t

1| ÷xj mvUvwis (Steel Shutering)|
2| wU¤^vi mvUvwis (Wooden Shutering)|

 K¤^vBÛ dzwUs (Combined Footings) t

1| hLb GKvwaK Kjvg mv‡cv‡U©i KvQvKvwQ _v‡K ZLb K¤^vBÛ dzwUs e¨envi
Kiv nq|
2| dzwUs G hLb `ywU Kjvg KvQvKvwQ Ae¯’vb K‡i ZLb K¤^vBÛ dzwUs e¨envi
Kiv nq|
3| hLb cÖcvwU© jvBb Kjv‡gi Lye KvQvKvwQ _v‡K ZLb K¤^vBÛ dzwUs e¨envi
Kiv nq|

 K¤^vBÛ dywUs-Gi cÖKvi‡f` (Types of Combined Footings) t

1| †iK‡Us¸jvi K¤^vBÛ dzwUs (Rectangular Combined Footings)|
2| Uªv‡cR‡qWvj K¤^vBÛ dzwUs (Trapezoidal Combined Footings)|
















 g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb (Mat or Raft Foundation) t

1| AeKvVv‡gvi wb‡P cy‡iv RvqMv Avi.wm.wm ¯ø¨ve †d¬v‡ii g‡Zv K‡i wbgv©Y
Kiv nq|
2| AeKvVv‡gvi mKj Kjvgmn Bnv GKwU eo dzwUs Gwiqvmn wbgv©Y Kiv
nq|
3| g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb ZLbB e¨envi Kiv nq hLb AeKvVv‡gvi wb‡Pi
gvwU AZ¨šÍ `~e©j/big Ges hLb †Kvb cvBj e¨envi Kiv nq bv|
























mZK©Zv t fvix AeKvVv‡gvi fi/IRb Ges mvB‡Ui gvwU hLb Kg/¯^í †eqvwis
K¨vcvwmwU _v‡K ZLbB g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb mZK©Zvi mv‡_ e¨envi Kiv nq|

56. 107 108
 g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb wbgv©‡Yi avcmg~n (Steps of Construction of
Mat or Raft Foundation) t

1| m‡qj †Uó Kiv (gvwU cixÿv) (Soil Test)
2| †mvi cvBj wbgv©Y Kiv (Shore Pile Construction)
3| gvwU KvUv Avi¤¢ Kiv (Excavation)
4| dg©IqvK© ˆZwi Kiv (Form work)
5| †j‡fj Ges †Wªwms Kiv (Leveling & Dressing)
6| weªK d¬¨vU mwjs ˆZwi Kiv (Brick Flat Soling)
7| wm.wm. †jqvi ˆZwi Kiv (C.C Layer)
8| †W¤ú cÖæd †Kvm© (wW.wc.wm.) ˆZwi Kiv (D.P.C)
9| Kjv‡gi Ae¯’vb (Column positioning)
10| exg/UvB Gi Ae¯’vb (Beam/Tie Positioning)
11| i‡Wi KvR Kiv (Reinforcement)|
12| KbwµU XvjvB Kiv (Concrete Casting)|
13| wKDwis Kiv (cvwb †`Iqv) (Curing)|
14| BZ¨vw`|

 †mvi cvBj (Shore Pile) t

gvwU KvUvi mgq mvB‡Ui Pviw`‡Ki gvwU/AeKvVv‡gv/‡`qvj/BZ¨vw` iÿvi
Rb¨ †h cvBj wbgv©Y Kiv nq Zv‡K †mvi cvBj e‡j|

 †mvwis Ges mnKvix ÷ªKPv‡ii m¤úK© (Shoring & Auxiliary
Structure) t

1| †mvi cvBj wbgv©Y Kiv (Shore Pile)|
2| UvB weg ˆZwi Kiv (Tie Beam)|
3| †eªwms ˆZwi Kiv (Bracing Truss)|
4| †VK‡bv (mv‡cv©U) †`Iqv (Making Strut)|
5| wKs †cv÷ ˆZwi Kiv (King Post)|
6| BZ¨vw`|
 g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb G i‡Wi KvRmg~n t

1| Uc †jqvi iW emv‡bv (Top Layer Reinforcement)|
2| wm.wm. eøK/‡Pqvi emv‡bv (C.C. Block & Chair)|
3| eUg †jqv‡i iW emv‡bv (Bottom Layer Reinforcement)|
4| BZ¨vw`|
 g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb G mvUvimn wi‡UBwbs Iqvj ˆZwi Kiv (Retaining
wall with shuttering)|
 g¨vU/i¨vd&U dvD‡Ûkb G K‡¤úKkb K‡i KbwµU XvjvB Ki‡Z nq
(Concrete Casting & Compaction)|
 Ae‡k‡l wKDwis (Curing)|

57. 109 110

 dvD‡Ûk‡bi BwÄwbqvwis Gi avcmg~n/D‡Ïk¨
(Steps in Foundation Engineering) t

1| Bnvi gva¨‡g mvBU Ges cÖ‡R± m¤ú‡K© aviYv cvIqv hvq|
2| m¤¢ve¨/weKí dvD‡Ûkb ˆZwi Kivi aviYv cvIqv hvq|
3| mvB‡U gvwU cixÿvi aviYv cvIqv hvq|
4| gvwU ag© m¤ú‡K© aviYv cvIqv hvq|
5| BwÄwbqvwis aviYv wb‡q wecí dvD‡Ûkb c×wZmg~n m¤ú‡K© Rvbv
hvq|
6| civgk© ˆZwi K‡i wi‡cvU© †jLv hvq|
7| wWRvBb gwbUi K‡i wbgv©Y Ges ev¯Íevqb Kiv hvq|
8| BZ¨vw`



(Deep Foundation)


hLb dvD‡Ûkb MfxiZv me‡P‡q †ewk ZLbB Mfxi dvD‡Ûkb e¨envi Kiv
nq|
 KLb Mfxi dvD‡Ûkb e¨envi Kiv nq (When used of Deep
Foundation)?
* hLb gvwUi wb‡Pi ¯Í‡i fvj †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU _v‡K bv ZLbB Mfxi
dvD‡Ûkb e¨eüZ nq|
 Mfxi dvD‡Ûk‡bi cÖKvi‡f` (Types of Deep Foundation)t
1| cvBj dvD‡Ûkb (Pile Foundation) t hvnv mvaviYZ wewìs
Kb÷ªvKkb Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq
2| Kdvi †W¤ú (Cofferdams)
3| †Kkb ev I‡qj dvD‡Ûkb (Casson or well Foundation)
 cvBj dvD‡Ûkb Ask mg~n (Pile Foundation) t
1| Kjvg (Column)|
2| cvBj †Kc (Pile Cap)|
3| cvBj (Pile)|

58. 111 112
 cvBj dvD‡Ûkb KLb/‡Kv_vq e¨envi Kiv nq
(Where Pile Foundations used)?

1| hLb gvwUi wb‡Pi ¯Í‡i †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU Mfxi Ae¯’vq cvIqv hvq|
2| hLb mve-m‡qj (Sub –Soil) G cvwbi ¯Íi (Water Level) LyeB
mev©waK Ges Bnv dvD‡Ûk‡bi ÿwZKi cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i|
3| hLb mve-m‡qj (Sub –Soil) G cvwbi †j‡fj (Water Level)
e¨cK AvKv‡i DVv bvgv K‡i|
4| hLb ïK‡bv Ae¯’vq dvD‡Ûk‡b G gvwU KvUv m¤¢e nq bv Ges cv¤ú
K‡i gvwUi wb‡Pi cvwb miv‡bv hvq bv Ges hLb wm‡cR (Seepage)
ev K¨vwcjvwi IqvUvi (Capilary water) wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq bv,
ZLbB cvBj dvD‡Ûkb e¨envi Kiv nq|
5| hLb †jvKvj mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y i¨vdU& dvD‡Ûkb e¨qeûj nq, ZLbB
cvBj dvD‡Ûkb e¨envi Kiv nq|
6| hLb AeKvVv‡gv/÷ªvKPvi b`x wKsev mvM‡ii wKbvivq cvwb Øviv
AvµvšÍ _v‡K ZLbB cvBj dvD‡Ûkb e¨envi Kiv nq|

 cvBj dvD‡Ûkb‡i myweav (Advantage of Pile Foundation)t

1| mvB‡U dvD‡Ûk‡bi †h †Kvb mgm¨vi m„wó n‡j Zv mn‡RB mgvavb
Kiv hvq|
2| cvBj dvD‡Ûkb †h †Kvb AeKvVv‡gv wbgv©‡Y Ges †h †Kvb gvwU‡Z
e¨envi Kiv hvq|

 KvR Abymv‡i cvBj dvD‡Ûk‡bi cÖKvi‡f` wb¤œiƒct
(Types of Pile Foundation Based on Function)t

1| †eqvwis cvBj|
2| wd«Kkb cvBj|
3| mxU cvBj|
4| G¨vsKi cvBj|
5| evUvi cvBj|
6| †dbWvi cvBj|
7| Kg‡cKkb cvBj, BZ¨vw`|

1| †eqvwis cvBj Ges wd«Kkb cvBj t


2| mxU cvBj (Sheet Piles) t
mxU cvBj KL‡bv j¤^vjw¤^ (Vertical) mv‡cvU© wnmv‡e KvR K‡i bv eis
Bnv wi‡UBwbs Iqvj wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
 mxU cvBj (Sheet Piles) t mvaviYZ wb¤œ wjwLZ Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq:
(K) Bnv WKBqvW© Ges Abvb¨ †gwib Kv‡R wi‡UBwbs Iqvj
(Retaining Wall) wbgv©‡Y e¨envi Kiv nq|










(L) Bnv b`xi wKbviv fv½b †_‡K iÿv K‡i|
(M) mxU cvBj dvD‡Ûk‡b gvwU KvUvi mgq cvk¦©w`K/PviwKbvivi
fv½b †_‡K iÿv K‡i|

59. 113 114
(N) mxU cvBj gvwU‡K mxgve× †i‡L Bnvi †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU e„w×
K‡i|
(O) Bnv dvD‡Ûkb AeKvVv‡gv‡K b`x A_ev mvM‡ii ÿq †_‡K
iÿv K‡i|
(P) Bnv dvD‡Ûkb‡K cvk¦©eZ©x gvwU †_‡K Avjv`v I gReyZ iv‡L|

4| G¨vsKi cvBj (Anchor Piles)t

 Bnv mxU cvBwjs Iqvj wKsev Ab¨vb¨ Uvbv ej/kw³‡K G¨vs‡Kv‡iR Gi
gva¨‡g mxgve× iv‡L|

5| evUvi cvBj (Batter Piles)t

 evUvi cvBj (Batter Piles) e„nr Abyf~wgK Ges †KŠwYK ej/kw³‡K
cvBj WªvBf K‡i cÖwZ‡iva K‡i|

6| †dbWvi cvBj (Fender Piles)t

 Bnv mvaviYZ wU¤^vi Øviv ˆZwi|
 Bnv RvnvR/ev‡R©i av°v †_‡K KbµxU †WK ev Ab¨vb¨ cvwb
÷ªvKPvi‡K iÿv K‡i|

7| Kg‡cKkb cvBj (Compaction Piles)t

 hLb gvwUi †eqvwis K¨vcvwmwU evov‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †h cvBj †MÖ‡bvjvi
m‡q‡j WªvBf Kiv nq Zv‡K Kg‡cKkb cvBj ejv nq|

 †gUvwiqvj Abymv‡i cvB‡ji cÖKvi‡f` wb¤œiƒc:
(Types of Piles Based on Metarials)t

1| wU¤^vi cvBj|
2| KbwµU cvBj|
3| w÷j cvBj|
4| K‡¤úvwRU cvBj|
1| wU¤^vi cvBj (Timber Piles)t

 nvév AeKvVv‡gvi mv‡cvU© wn‡m‡e ¯^íLi‡P wU¤^vi cvBj e¨envi Kiv
nq|


















2| KbwµU cvBj (Concrete Piles)t

 KbwµU cvB‡ji cÖKvi‡f`:

(K) wcÖ-Kvó cvBj|
(L) Kvó-Bb-wmUz cvBj|

60. 115 116
(K) wcÖ-Kvó cvBj (Pre-cast Piles)t

 hLb †h †Kvb mvB‡Ri cvBj c~‡e©B mivmwi wbgv©Y Bqv‡W© ˆZwi Kiv
nq Ges cieZ©x‡Z mvB‡U e¨envi Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡K wcÖ-Kvó
cvBj ejv nq|






















(L) Kvó-Bb-wmUz cvBj (Cast-in-situ Piles)t

 Bnv GKwU ALÛ cvBj hvnv‡Z GKwU wbav©wiZ e¨v‡mi (Specified
Diameter) gva¨‡g wQ`ª/MZ© ˆZwi K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq MfxiZvq KvR Kiv
hvq|
 hvnv‡Z D³ wQ‡`ª/M‡Z© †jvnvi LvuPv ˆZwi K‡i XzwK‡q/¯’vcb K‡i GKwU
wbav©wiZ (Specified Strength) kw³ Abyhvqx KbwµU XvjvB Kiv
nq|

3| w÷j cvBj (Steel Piles)t

 Bnv j¤^vjw¤^ (Vertical) MfxiZvq WªvBf Kiv nq|
 Bnv wU¤^vi A_ev KbwµU cvBj †_‡K AwaK e¨qeûj|























4| K‡¤úvwRU cvBj (Composite Piles)t

 g¨v‡Uwiqv‡ji mgš^q K‡i K‡¤úvwRU cvBj ˆZwi nq|
 ÷xj Ges Kbwµ‡Ui gva¨‡g K‡¤úvwRU cvBj me‡P‡q †ewk ˆZwi Kiv
nq|

61. 117 118
 cÖ_‡g wbg©vY mvB‡U wUªcW ¯’vcb (cvBj †gwkb) (Tripod placing)

 AMvi ¯’vcb (cvBj †gwkb) (Auger placement)
 AMvi Ask mg~n (Component of Auger): gvm iW, †nvR cvBc,
KvUvi, BZ¨vw`|

 cvBj Kvwós Gi c×wZ mg~n (Procedure of pile casting):
nvDR ˆZwi KiY (Preparation of the House):

(K) cv¤ú e¨envi K‡i nvDm †_‡K cvwb DwV‡q †evi †nv‡j ¯’vcb Kiv|
(L) †nvR cvB‡ci mv‡_ cvwbi U¨vsK mshyw³KiY|
(M) †evi †nvj †_‡K gvW (gvwU hy³ cvwb) nvD‡R ivLv, BZ¨vw`|
 AMvi wiM †gwk‡bi mv‡_ mshyw³ KiY t
(Connecting Auger to the Rig Machine) :
(K) AMvi †gwkb û‡Ki mv‡_ wi‡Mi Uvbv w`‡q mshyw³ Kiv nq|
(L) †nvR cvBc AMvi †gwkb w`‡q mshyw³ Kiv nq|
 †m›Uvwis Kiv t wiM †gwkb‡K Pvjbv K‡i AMvi †gwkb‡K †m›Uv‡i Avbv
nq|
 Iqvk †evwis Kiv (Wash Boring) t Kv`vhy³ cvwb †evi †nvj †_‡K
evwni Kiv|

62. 119 120
 †KwRs WªvBf Kiv (Driving the casing)|
 †KwRs Gi gva¨‡g †evwis Kiv (Boring through the casing)
 wWªwjs iW w`‡q mshyw³ Kiv‡bv (Connecting the drilling rod)|
 wWªwjs iW w`‡q †evwis Kiv|
 †evwis †k‡l wWªwjs iW †U‡b evwni Kiv|
 i‡Wi LuvPv ˆZwi Kiv (Preparation of the Reinforcement) t
*†mvRv ev‡ii mv‡_ ¯úvBivj evi w`‡q i‡Wi LvuPv ˆZwi Kiv nq|













 i‡Wi LuvPv †evi †nv‡j XzKv‡bv/¯’vcb Kiv/ WªvBf Kiv|
 (Driving the Reinforcement into the bore hole)
 wUªwg cvBc †mU Kiv (cvBj †gwkb) (Setting up the Tremie pipe)
 dv‡bj †mU/¯’vcb Kiv (Setting the Funnel)
 Ae‡k‡l KbwµU XvjvB Kiv (Concrete casting)
 me©‡k‡l cvBj †Kc ˆZwi Kiv (At last pile cap construction)























 Kdvi †W¤ú (Cofferdams)t

Kdvi †W¤ú mvaviYZ A¯’vqx ÷ªvKPvi wbgv©Y/‰Zwi Kiv nq| hvnv b`x
wKsev †jK wKsev Ab¨‡Kvb cvwb‡Z ﮋ Ae¯’vq AeKvVv‡gv wbgv©‡Yi
mv‡c‡ÿ A¯’vqxfv‡e ˆZwi Kiv nq|

63. 121 122
 †Kkb dvD‡Ûkb (Caissons Foundation)t

†Kkb dvD‡Ûkb cvwb Øviv hy³ AeKvVv‡gv hvnv KvV, ÷xj A_ev
†iBb‡dvmW© KbwµU dvD‡Ûkb Gi gvwU †K‡U b`xi eªxR, cvqvi,
GevU©‡g›U BZ¨vw` AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY Kiv nq|



















1| f~-Mf©¯’ Zjv (†em‡g›U) t

†ivW †j‡fj (Road Level) ev evwoi msjMœ gvwUi †j‡fj †_‡K wb‡P
wewìs Gi †h Zjv _v‡K Zv‡K f~-Mf©¯’ Zjv (†em‡g›U) ejv nq| Bnv
mvaviYZ evmv evwo‡Z _v‡K bv, Z‡e Awdm, gv‡K©U ev nvmcvZvjmg~‡n
Mvwo cvwK©s Gi Rb¨ _v‡K|

2| Standarad Penetration Test (SPT)t
gvwUi fvienb ÿgZv †ei Kivi c×wZ|

3| ÷ªvKPvivj wWRvBb (AeKvVv‡gvMZ bKkv) Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv t

 wWRvB‡bi gva¨‡g Rvbv hvq|
 wK cwigvY iW jvM‡e|
 wKfv‡e iW em‡e|
 dg©v wK iKg n‡e|
 Kjv‡gi iW web¨vm wK iKg n‡e|
 Qv‡`i cyiæZ¡ KZUv n‡e|
 dvD‡Ûk‡b cvBwjs jvM‡e wKbv
 dvD‡Ûk‡bi MfxiZv wK n‡e|
 BZ¨vw`|

4| wcøš’ †j‡fj (Plinth Level) t
evwoi MÖvDÛ †d¬vi †j‡fj‡K wcøš’ †j‡fj aiv nq|

5| Kv÷-Bb-wmU zcvBwjs (Cast-in-Situ Pile) t
†h me †ÿ‡Î mvB‡U mivmwi gvwU‡Z †evwis K‡i †jvnvi LvuPv XzwK‡q
KbwµU XvjvB Kiv nq Zv‡K Kvw÷s-Bb-wmUz cvBj e‡j|

6| wm‡½j Kjvg dzwUs (Single Column Footings) t
†h me ¯’vcbv‡Z cÖwZwU Kjv‡gi †ÿ‡Î Avjv`v dzwUs †`qv nq, Zv‡K
wm‡½j Kjvg dzwUs ejv nq|

64. 123 124
7| K¤^vBÛ dzwUs (Combined Footings) t
†h mg¯Í ¯’vcbv‡Z GK‡Î `yB ev `y‡qi AwaK Kjv‡gi dzwUs wWRvBb Kiv
nq, Zv‡`i K¤^vBÛ dzwUs dvD‡Ûkb ejv nq|

8| †kvwis (Shoring) t
dvD‡Ûk‡bi gvwU KvUvi mgq cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a M‡Z©i Pvwiw`‡K ewjø BZ¨vw`
†M‡o gvwU †f‡½ cov †iva Kivi c×wZ‡K †kvwis ejv nq|

9| wkwUs (Sheeting) t
GUvI gvwU †f‡½ cov †iva Kivi Avi GKUv c×wZ| Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î ewjøi
e`‡j †jvnvi wkU e¨envi Kiv nq|

10| †UªÂ (Trench) t
†j-AvDU eivei gvwU KvU‡j †h M‡Z©i m„wó nq Zv‡K †UªÂ ejv nq|

11| †jvW weqvwis (Load Bearing) t
Brick Foundation Gi †ÿ‡Î Wall Load Bearing Portion wnmv‡e
KvR K‡i|

12| †MÖW weg (Grad Beam) t
†MÖW weg gvwU eivei A_ev gvwUi bx‡P †Kvb ¯’vcbvi Pvwiw`‡K
Kjvg¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKUv ms‡hvM/UvB ˆZix K‡i|

wet`ªt †MÖW we‡gi DcKvwiZv t †MÖW weg ‰Zixi Kvi‡Y GKwU ev `yBwU Kjvg
ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡jI ¯’vcvbvi Lye eo †Kvb ÿwZ nq bv|

13| Kjvg (Column) t j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e ¯’vwcZ Ask hv wewìs Gi †jvW
(Load) enb K‡i dzwUs Gi gva¨‡g k³ gvwU‡Z †cŠ‡Q †`q|

14| dvD‡Ûk‡bi Rb¨ gvwU KvUv t
†j-AvDU †`qvi ci dvD‡Ûk‡bi Rb¨ gvwU KvUv ïiæ nq| M‡Z©i gvwU
M‡Z©i wKbviv n‡Z Kgc‡ÿ wZb dzU `~‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j gvwU
Avevi Mwo‡q M‡Z© c‡o hv‡e Ges †fZ‡ii Kbwµ‡Ui ¸bv¸b bó K‡i
†dj‡e|
mZK©Zv t dvD‡Ûkb gvwU KvUvi Kv‡R Shoring, Sheeting, Bracing `iKvi
co‡j Aek¨B Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv bv n‡j cv‡k¦©i evwoi dvD‡Ûkb
ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡e|
15| dvD‡Ûkb XvjvB‡Z Svgv B‡Ui †Lvqv ebvg cv_‡ii UzKiv e¨envi KiYt
Svgv BU †f‡½ †Lvqv ˆZix nq Ges cv_i †f‡½I †Lvqv ˆZix Kiv nq|
B‡Ui g‡a¨ SvgvBU me‡P‡q †ewk k³ wKš‘ cv_i Av‡iv k³| Svgv B‡Ui
†Lvqvi cwie‡Z© cv_i fv½v e¨envi Ki‡j XvjvB‡qi ¸bMZgvb †e‡o
hv‡e|

16| W¨v¤ú-cÖæd-†Kvm© (DPC) t
gvwU †_‡K Av`ª©Zv dvD‡Ûkb †e‡q Dc‡i D‡V Av‡m Ges †`qvj I
†g‡S‡K mu¨vZmu¨v‡Z K‡i †`q| ZvB †g‡Si Dci Ges †`qv‡ji Zjvq
wW.wc.wm Av`ª©Zv wb‡ivaK cwÆ jvMv‡bv nq|

17| dvD‡Ûkb gvwU KvUv (cvwb Øviv AvµvšÍ RvqMvq) t
cvwb Øviv AvµvšÍ RvqMvq wb¤œwjwLZ c`‡ÿ‡ci gva¨‡g dvD‡Ûkb gvwU
KvU‡Z n‡et

 †Wªb wbg©vY K‡i
 mv¤ú wcU ˆZix K‡i Ges cv‡¤úi mvnv‡h¨|
 wm‡g›U MÖvDwUs ˆZix K‡i|
 wd«wRs Gi gva¨‡g
 †mÛ †WªBb ˆZix K‡i|
 I‡qj c‡q‡›Ui gva¨‡g|
 BZ¨vw`|

65. 125 126
AwZwi³ Aa¨vq-3
evwo wbg©v‡Y- cÖ‡qvRbxq †UKwbK¨vj welqmg~n
1. Specification wK?
DËit wK fv‡e, wK Abycv‡Z KvR Ki‡Z n‡e, Zvi we¯ÍvwiZ †h wb‡`©wkKvq wjLv
_v‡K, Zv‡K Specification e‡j|
2. wmwWDj wK?
DËit ‡h wb‡`©wkKvq Specification, BOQ I Rate mn wjLv, _v‡K,Zv‡K
wmwWDj e‡j|
3. Project Launch Ki‡Z n‡j wK wK `iKvi n‡e?
DËit RvqMv, WªBs, wWRvBb, wWwmkvb, †jvKej I cÖ‡qvRbxq gvjvgvj|
4. Layout wK?
DËit WªBs wm‡U †h WªBs Kiv Av‡Q, ûeyûe †m WªBswU field-Gi g‡a¨
measurement Abymv‡i bvwg‡q Avbv‡K ev †mU Kiv‡K Layout e‡j| Layout
Kivi mgq Aek¨B †mvRv wall †_‡K Avi¤¢ Ki‡Z n‡e|
5. Grid line Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit KvR Kivi myweavi Rb¨ WªBs-G wbw`©ó `~‡i `~‡i DËi-`wÿY I c~e©-
cwð‡g †h †iLv¸‡jv Uvbv nq, Zv‡K Grid line e‡j, A_vr Grid line n‡”Q
referance line, Bnv KLbI †m›Uvi jvBb n‡Z cv‡i bv|
6. Centre Line Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit Centre k‡ãi A_© gvS eivei A_©vr †h †iLv Kjvg ev dzwUs-Gi wVK
gvSLvb eivei Uvbv nq, Zv‡K Centre Line e‡j| Centre Line Aek¨B H
member-Gi Centre w`‡q hv‡e| Bnv‡K Grid line wnmv‡e aiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
7. GKwU Kjvg, dzwUs-Gi †Kvb ¯’v‡b em‡e?
DËit Kjv‡gi Centre Line Ges dzwUs Gi Centre Line Aek¨B GK we›`y‡Z
_vK‡Z n‡e| we‡kl †Kvb Kvi‡Y Gi e¨wZµg n‡Z cv‡i, Ab¨_vq bq|
8. Layout Kivi mgq wKfv‡e gvUvg cixÿv Kiv hv‡e?
DËit myZvi mvnv‡h¨ GKwU mg‡Kvbx wÎf~R ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e, hvi `yBwU evûi
cwigvc h_vµ‡g '3 dzU, 4dzU Ges Gi AwZf~‡Ri cwigvc 5dzU, Gi mvnv‡h¨ †h
†Kvb KY©vi G 90
0
†PK Kiv hv‡e|
9. Pile layout wK fv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e?
DËit Building layout final Kivi ci pile layout w`‡Z n‡e| Drawing
Abymv‡i Pile Point w`‡Z n‡e| Pile point wVK ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZ point G GKwU
K‡i 8/10mm rod GKdzU cwigvY cyu‡Z w`‡Z n‡e| Rod wU 1" ev 1
1
/2" evwni
K‡i ‡Mvovq mvgvb¨ cwigvY XvjvB K‡i w`‡Z n‡e, †hb Pile point wU wVK ¯’v‡b
Ges Kvu`vi g‡a¨I evwni Kiv hvq|
10. cvBj KZ cÖKvi I wK wK?
DËit Kvh©cÖYvjxi Dci wbf©i K‡i cvBj‡K 3 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq-
(a) According to founction (b) According to driving (c) According to
Classification (d) According to driving Abyhvqx Avevi cvBj‡K 2 fv‡M
fvM Kiv hvqt- (i) Pre-Cast Pile (ii) Cast-in-Situ Pile
11. 18" Wvqv Pile-Gi Rb¨ KZUzKz wP‡Rj e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e?
DËit 16" Wvqv wP‡mj e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
12. †h cvBc Øviv Pile XvjvB Kiv nq, Zvi bvg wK?
DËit wÎwg cvBc|
13. wÎwg cvB‡ci Wvqv KZ?
DËit wÎwg cvB‡ci Wvqv 6" n‡Z 7"
14. KZ mgq †evwis Iqvm Ki‡Z n‡e?
DËit Kgc‡ÿ Avav N›Uv A_©vr hZ mgq cvwb‡Z Kuv`v Av‡m ZZ mgq Iqvwms
Ki‡Z nq|
15. GwMÖ‡MÖW wnmv‡e Pile-G wK e¨envi Kiv nq Ges proportion KZ?
DËit Pile-G GwMÖ‡MÖW wnmv‡e Stone chips/ Singles e¨envi Kiv n‡q _v‡K
Bnvi proportion mvavibZ 1t 1
1
/2 t 3 n‡q _v‡K|
16. KvU-Ad-‡j‡fj †Kb Kg †iwmI‡Z Kvw÷s Kiv nq?
DËit Kvw÷s Kivi ci KvU-Ad-†j‡fj †fu‡½ †dj‡Z nq, †mB Rb¨ Kg
†iwmI‡Z A_©vr 1t 2 t 4 A_ev 1t 3 t 6-G Kvw÷s Ki‡Z nq|
17. GKwU Pile ‡evwis Kivi ci KZUzKz `~‡i c‡ii Pile wU Kiv †h‡Z c‡i?
DËit GKwU cvBj n‡Z Avi GKwU †evwis-Gi `~iZ¡ Kgc‡ÿ 6' n‡Z n‡e, †ekx
n‡jI AviI fvj nq|

66. 127 128
18. GK w`‡b GKwU †gwk‡b mvaviYZ KqwU Pile Ki‡Z cv‡i?
DËit 50 dz‡Ui bx‡P n‡j 3 Uv, Ges 50 dz‡Ui Dc‡i n‡j 2 Uv Kiv †h‡Z
c‡i|
19. Pile-Gi fvienb ÿgZv ej‡Z wK eySvq?
DËit GKwU Pile cÖwZ eM©dz‡U hZUzKz fvi wbivc‡` enb Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zv‡K
Pile-Gi fvienb ÿgZv e‡j|
20. Pile ‡Kb e¨envi Kiv nq? Pre-cast Pile ¯’vbvšÍi Kivi mgq wK wK jÿ¨
ivL‡Z nq?
DËit gvwUi weqvwis K¨vcvwmwU Kg n‡j Pile e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| Pre-cast Pile
¯’vbvšÍvi Ki‡Z `yBwU w`K we‡kl fv‡e jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e| cÖ_gZt Pre-cast Pile
¯’vbvšÍi Kivi mgq †fu‡½ †h‡Z cv‡i, †m Rb¨ Pile-Gi C.G wVK K‡i Iq¨vi
evua‡Z n‡e| wØZxqZt Pile wU ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii mgq accident n‡Z cv‡i, †m w`‡K
jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
21. dzwUs-Gi gvwU KuvUvi c~‡e© GKRb BwÄwbqvi‡K wK wPšÍv Ki‡Z n‡e?
DËit †h dzwUs-Gi MfxiZv †ekx †mB dzwUs-Gi gvwU mevi Av‡M KvuwU‡Z n‡e
Ges gvwUi Ae¯’v †`‡L †mdwUi e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|
22. Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil wK?
DËit GK eM©dzU Rwgi Dci hZUv IRb wbf©‡q Pvcv‡bv hvq A_©vr hZÿb
ch©šÍ dvD‡Ûkb e‡m hvIqvi fq bv _v‡K, †mB m‡e©v”P IRb‡K ejv nq, H
gvwUi fvievnx ÿgZv ev Safe Bearing Power of Soil
23. †kvwis wK?
DËit iv¯Ív ev †bI‡ji gvwU‡K evuav †`Iqvi Rb¨ Bnvi `yB cv‡k Lvov fv‡e
Kv‡Vi Z³v e¨envi Kiv nq, GB c×wZ‡KB †kvwis e‡j|
24. Vibrator roller-Gi we‡klZ¡ wK?
DËit rollerGKwU hš¿ we‡kl| hvnv Pvjy Kivi ci AbeiZ vibrate Ki‡Z _v‡K
Bnvi d‡j N‡ii †g‡S, iv¯Ívi gvwU I evwj proper compaction nq|
25. Foundation Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit Foundation wewìs-Gi me‡P‡q wb‡Pi Ask, hvnv wewìs-Gi Dci Awc©Z
mg¯Í †jvW enb K‡i gvwUi g‡a¨ mgfv‡e †cŠuwQ‡q †`q| dzwUs Aek¨B k³
gvwUi Dci emv‡Z n‡e|
26. Footing mvaviYZ KZ cÖKvi?
DËit Footing mvaviYZ 3 cÖKvi (a) Spread footing, (b) Combined
footing, (c) Mat / Raft footing.
27. R.C.C Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit R.C.C gv‡b Reinforcement Cement Concrete A_v©r concrete-Gi
mv‡_ steel e¨envi Kiv n‡j Zv‡K R.C.C e‡j| Bnv Uvb I Pvc DfqB mn¨
Ki‡Z cv‡i|
28. †d‡iv Cement wK?
DËit Expended metal ev coil rod Øviv LvPv ˆZwi K‡i Gi Dci cement I
Sylhet sand w`‡q nvjKv Kvwós Kiv‡K †d‡iv-Cement e‡j| Bnv 1" n‡Z 2"
ch©šÍ wall thickness ˆZwi †ÿ‡Î e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| Bnv mvaviYZ Qv‡`i
Dc‡i cvwbi U¨vsK wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
29. wKDwis wK? †Kb Kiv nq?
DËit KswµU, Brick work I plastering-Gi gmjøvq hvnv‡Z wWnvB‡Wªkb bv
n‡Z cv‡i Zvi Rb¨ H ¯’v‡b w`‡b wZb/Pvi evi cvwb w`‡Z nq| GB cvwb
†`Ihv‡K wKDwis e‡j| wKDwis Kivi d‡j KswµU ev gmjøvi g‡a¨
wWnvB‡Wªgkb n‡Z cv‡i bv, d‡j gmjøvi g‡a¨ ivmvqwbK wewµqv m¤úbœ n‡q
wbg©vY mvgMÖx k³ I gReyZ nq| ¯’vb ¸‡jv cvwb w`‡q Wzwe‡q wKDwis Kiv DËg,
wKš‘ †hLv‡b (Lvov †g¤^vi ¸wj‡Z) cvwb w`‡q Wzev‡bv m¤¢e bq, †mLv‡b ‡fRv
P‡Ui Qvjv, KPzwicvbv ev LoKzUv BZ¨vw` w`‡q wKDwis Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
30. †mMwi‡Mkb wK?
DËit Kswµ‡U Water cement ratio ‡ewk n‡j wg·vi ‡gwkb n‡Z †djvi ci ev
Dci n‡Z XvjvBK…Z ¯’v‡b †djvi ci wm‡g›U-evjy, †Lvqv n‡Z Avjv`v n‡q hvq,
Zv‡K †mMwi‡Mkb e‡j|
31. weøwWs wK?
DËit weøwWs GK cÖKvi †mMwi‡Mkb A_v©r KswµU n‡Z wm‡g›U w_wZ‡q hvq,
Zv‡K weøwWs e‡j| Bnvi d‡j KswµU nvwbKg I Bnvi DcwiZ‡j †nqvi µ¨vK
‡`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|
32. 100 cft (NbdyU) Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Kswµ‡Ui Dcv`vb ¸wj evwni Ki, hvi
AbycvZ 1t 2t 4|
DËit Dry condition = 100 cft. Wet condition 100  1.5 = 150 cft

67. 129 130
Cement = = 17.5 bag
Sand = = 48 cft
Stone = = 90 cft
Water = Avgiv Rvwb, cÖwZ e¨v‡M wm‡g‡›U cvwb jv‡M = 23 wjUvi
myZivs, 23  17.5 402.5 Litre, Say 402 litre
33. Column KZ cÖKvi I wK wK? Tied column I Spiral column-G
b~b¨Zg KqwU Vertical rod w`‡Z n‡e?
DËit Column cÖavbZ 2 cÖKvi h_v:- (a) Tied column, (b) Spiral column.
Tied rod-G b~b¨Zg 4 wU vertical rod e¨envi Kiv nq| Spiral column-G
b~b¨Zg 6 wU vertical rod e¨envi Kiv nq| Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e column-
G KLbI 16mm Wvqvi bx‡P iW e¨envi Kiv hv‡e bv|
34. KswµU-Gi Dcv`vb ¸wji bvg wjL?
DËit KswµU-Gi Dcv`vb 4 wU h_v:-
(K) cÖavbDcv`vb ev †Kvm© GwMÖ‡MU (‡÷vb wPcm/ weªK wPcm)
(L) ÿz`ªZg Dcv`vb ev dvBb GwMÖ‡MU (evjy)
(M) RgvU evuav‡bv Dcv`vb (wm‡g›U)
(N) cvwb
35. KswµU Dcv`v‡bi ivRv †K?
DËit ‡Kvm© GwMÖ‡MU (‡÷vb wPcm/weªK wPcm) †K KswµU Dcv`v‡bi ivRv ejv
nq|
36. 200 cft ‡Z 2% rod e¨eüZ n‡j i‡Wi cwigvb evwni Ki †KwR‡Z)?
DËit = 1960 Ibs (cvDÛ) 0.45 = 882 kg.
37. R.C.C Kv‡R wK ai‡bi cvwb e¨envi Ki‡Z nq?
DËit Lvevi †hvM¨ ev Zvi KvQvKvwQ cvwb e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|
38. R.C.C Kv‡R cÖwZ e¨vM wm‡g‡›U KZUzKz cvwb jv‡M?
DËit 22/23 wjUvi cvwb jv‡M|
39. High strength steel-Gi mv‡_ wK ai‡bi concrete e¨envi Ki‡Z nq?
DËit High strength steel-Gi mv‡_ high strength concrete e¨envi Kiv nq|
40. Water cement ratio wK?
DËit Water I Cement-Gi AbycvZ‡K Water cement ratio e‡j|
41. Water cement ratio cwigvY mvaviYZ KZ?
DËit Water cement ratio gvb 0.4 n‡Z 0.5
42. IqvUvi wm‡g›U †iwkI wK fv‡e evwni Kiv nq?
DËit Ratio = IRb Gi-g›Uwm‡ G-KbwµUmgcwigvY
IRb cvwbi wgwkÖZ Gi-KbwµU = 0.5
43. KswµU wgkÖ‡Y cvwbi cwigvY †ewk n‡j wK Ki‡Z n‡e?
DËit Water cement ratio wVK ivLvi Rb¨ cement wgw·s K‡i KswµU‡K
XvjvB Dc‡hvMx Ki‡Z n‡e|
44. Slump Cone-Gi mvBR KZ?
DËit Slump Cone-Gi Dc‡ii gv_v 4" bx‡Pi gv_v 8" Ges D”PZv 12"
45. Cylinder-Gi mvBR KZ?
DËit Cylinder-Gi mvBR `yB ai‡Yi n‡q _v‡K :-
(K) 6" Wvqv 12" j¤^v| (c~‡e©i mvBR) (L) 4" Wvqv 8" j¤^v| (eZ©gv‡b e¨envi
Kiv nq)
46. Rod test-Gi sample wKfv‡e cvVv‡Z n‡e?
DËit GK wgUvi j¤^v GKB Wvqvi 3 Uv iW †Ku‡U cvVv‡Z n‡e|
47. wm‡g‡›Ui wewfbœ cixÿv ¸wj wK wK?
DËit wm‡g‡›Ui A‡bK cixÿv Kiv hvq ‡hgbt- (1) Compressive strength
(2) Bonding strength, (3) Initial setting time (4) Final setting time
(5) Finess test etc.
48. ACI code Abyhvqx `yBwU i‡Wi g‡a¨ `~~iZ¡ Slab-Gi †ÿ‡Î KZ n‡Z cv‡i?
DËit Slab ev Qv‡`i thickness-Gi wظ‡bi mgvb A_©vr 5" ¯ø¨ve-Gi Rb¨ 9"
†_‡K 10" `~i‡Z¡ e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
49. †Kvb Kv‡R wKDwis Period KZ?
DËit (K) Avi.wm.wm Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Kgc‡ÿ 28 w`b wKDwis Ki‡j fv‡j nq|
(L) Brick wall-Gi Rb¨ 07 w`b| (M) Plastering -Gi Rb¨ 07 w`b|

68. 131 132
50. †Kv_vq i‡Wi j¨vwcs ev joint w`‡Z n‡e?
DËit (K) Kjv‡gi Rb¨ Qv‡`i Dci ev bx‡Pi w`‡K L/4-Gi evB‡i A_©vr
gvSLv‡b joint w`‡Z n‡e|
(L) ex‡gi Rb¨ eUg i‡W Span-Gi L/3 g‡a¨ Ges Uc i‡W Span-Gi L/3 c‡i
gv‡Si As‡k j¨vwcs w`‡Z n‡e|
(M) Slab-G eUg i‡Wi j¨vwcs w`‡Z n‡e Kjvg wUª‡ci g‡a¨ Ges µ¨vs i‡W
U‡c j¨vwcs w`‡Z n‡e middle wóª‡ci g‡a¨| Extra top-G †Kvb j¨vwcs †`Iqv
hv‡e bv|
51. Cantilever As‡k Shutter wK fv‡e Lyj‡Z n‡e?
DËit Cantilever As‡k free w`‡K n‡Z A_©vr evwn‡ii w`K †_‡K ch©vqµ‡g
wfZ‡ii w`‡K props ¸wj Lyj‡Z n‡e|
52. Slab-Gi Shutter wK fv‡e Lyj‡Z n‡e?
DËit Qv‡`i Rb¨ Span-Gi middle ‡_‡K Pviw`‡K mgvb `~i‡Z¡ props ¸wj
Lyj‡Z n‡e A_©vr gvSLvb †_‡K e„ËvKvi fv‡e props ¸wj Ly‡j ex‡gi w`‡K
†h‡Z n‡e|
53. KZ w`b c‡i Shutter ‡Lvjv hv‡e?
DËit ex‡gi Zjv 28 w`b c‡i I Qv‡`i Zjv 21 w`b c‡i †Lvjv hv‡e| Qv‡`i
¯ú¨vb †QvU n‡j 18 w`b c‡iI †Lvjv †h‡Z cv‡i| †h †Kvb vertical member-
Gi shutter 72 N›Uv c‡i †Lvjv ‡h‡Z cv‡i|
54. Shuttering-Gi D”PZv 12"-Gi Dc‡i n‡j wK Ki‡Z n‡e?
DËit Shuttering-Gi D”PZv 12" Gi Dc‡i n‡j Aek¨B horizontal ‡eªwks
w`‡Z n‡e props wnmv‡e Gg.Gm cvBc A_ev kvjewjø e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
55. 01 cft (NbdzU) †jvnvi IRb KZ?
DËit 490 cvDÛ|
56. 01 gb Pz‡bi AvqZb KZ?
DËit 2.25 NbdzU|
57. 01 NbdzU wm‡g‡›Ui IRb KZ cvDÛ?
DËit 90 cvDÛ|
58. Cantilever Beam-Gi †ÿ‡Î m‡e©v”P moment ‡Kv_vq Drcbœ nq?
DËit Cantilever Beam-G m‡e©v”P moment nq mv‡c©v‡U|
59. mvb‡mW-Gi binder rod, main rod-Gi †Kvb w`‡K w`‡Z nq?
DËit Main rod-Gi wb‡P w`‡Z nq|
60. 100 dzU GBwRs-Gi Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv BU jvM‡e?
DËit 250 n‡Z 270 wU|
61. 100 eM©dzU mwjs-Gi Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv BU jvM‡e?
DËit 300 nB‡Z 336 wU|
62. 100 eM©dzU †nwis †evb eÛ-Gi Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv BU jvM‡e?
DËit 500 n‡Z 550 wU|
63. 100 sft 5 Bw Iqv‡ji Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv BU jvM‡e?
DËit 480 nB‡Z 500 wU|
64. 100 cft 10 Bw Iqv‡ji Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv BU jvM‡e?
DËit 1080 wU|
65. 100 cft. Khoa evbv‡Z KZ¸‡jv BU jvM‡e?
DËit 1050 wU|
66. d«M gvK© wK?
DËit B‡Ui GK wc‡V cÖ¯‘Z Kvi‡Ki bvg wjLv _v‡K, Zv‡K d«M gvK© e‡j| hv
bonding G key wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|
67. RjQv‡` e¨eüZ Dcv`vb mg~‡ni bvg I Bnvi AbycvZ KZ?
DËit RjQv‡` e¨eüZ Dcv`vb mg~‡ni bvg n‡jv Slaked Lime, Surki, Khoa,
Molasses, Tamarine (GLb e¨envi Kiv nq bv) I Grey Cement. RjQv‡`
e¨eüZ Dcv`vb mg~‡ni AbycvZ 2:2:7| GLv‡b 2 fvM myiKxi mv‡_ 2 fvM PzbI
7 fvM †Lvqv wgkv‡Z n‡e|
68. RjQv` Ges c¨viv‡cU Iqv‡ji ms‡hvM ¯’‡ji evuKv Ask‡K wK e‡j?
DËit NyÛx e‡j|
69. GKwU Mv‡Qi eqm wKfv‡e eySv hv‡e?
DËit Kv‡Vi µm †mKk‡bi wis MYbv K‡i Mv‡Qi eqm eySv hv‡e|
70. †PŠKv‡Vi groove mvBR KZ?
DËit 1.5" 
1
/2
71. Door frame (width-7")-G KqwU clamp jvMv‡e?
DËit GK mvB‡U 4wU| AZGe `yB mvB‡U †gvU 4  2 = 8 wU clamp jvM‡e|

69. 133 134
72. evRv‡i wK wK mvB‡Ri flush door shutter cvIqv hvq?
DËit 39", 36", 33", 30", 27", 24" Ges 21" A_©vr 3" B›Uvi‡e‡j shutter
¸‡jv cvIqv hvq|
73. GKwU fvj Kv‡Vi ¸Yvejx wK wK?
DËit ¯’vwqZ¡, k³, cÖvK…wZK †`vlgy³, D¾¡j is, c„ô †`‡ki gm„YZv I imgy³
n‡Z n‡e|
74. wfwbqvi wK?
DËit †h †PovB Kv‡Vi cyiæZ¡ 1/4" nB‡Z 1/16" n‡q _v‡K, †mB cvZjv Z³v‡K
wfwbqvi e‡j|
75. cøvB DW wK?
DËit cøvB DW wfwbqvi A‡cÿv GKUz cyiæ| cøvB DW †K wgkÖ KvVI ejv †h‡Z
cv‡i cøvB DW †K †Rvov w`‡Z c¨vwKs ev·, cvwU©kvb BZ¨vw` ˆZwi Kiv hvq|
76. nvW© †evW© wK?
DËit GB †ev‡W©i cÖavb Dcv`vb KvV| big Rv‡Zi KvV‡K †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨
Iov K‡i cÖ‡qvRbgZ iRb, AvVv BZ¨vw` wgwk‡q ‡cÖmvi w`‡q nvW© †evW© ˆZwi
Kiv nq|
77. MvQ KvUvi mgq KLb?
DËit kxZKv‡j|
78. 4 cÖKvi `iRvi bvg wjL?
DËit 4 cÖKvi `iRvi bvg nj- wWRvBb `iRv, c¨v‡bj `iRv, d¬vm `iRv,
mwjW `iRv|
79. Socket I Nipple-Gi cv_©K¨ wK?
DËit Socket-Gi wfZ‡i `yB w`‡K cu¨vP KvuUv _v‡K|
Avi Nipple-Gi evwn‡i `yB w`‡K cu¨vP KuvUv _v‡K|
80. Union socket I socket-Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK?
DËit Union socket cvBc R‡q›U I †Lvjvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| Bnv
wZbwU As‡k wef³| socket ïay cvBc R‡q›U-Gi †ÿ‡Î e¨eüZ nq| Bnv
GKwU Ask w`‡q ˆZix|
81. Elbows I Bend-Gi cv_©K¨ wK?
DËit Elbows-pipe line G e¨eüZ nq| Bnv 90 wWwMÖ n‡q _v‡K| we‡kl ¯’v‡b
Ges Kvi‡Y Bnv e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| Bnv‡Z Head loss †ekx nq|
Bend-pipe line G e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| Bnv Aa©P›`ªK…wZ n‡q _v‡K| Pipe line-
G †ekx e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| Bnv‡Z Head loss Kg nq Ges cvwbi force ‡ekx
_v‡K|
82. UPVC Ges PVC g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK?
DËit UPVC-Bnv AvbcøvwómvBW A_©vr Av¸‡b Zvc w`‡j Ge‡iv-†_e‡iv n‡q
hvq †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB Avi c~‡e©i Ae¯’vq wdwi‡q Avbv hvq bv| Bnvi ¸YMZ gvb
Lye fvj| Pvc-Bnv cøvwómvBW A_©vr Av¸‡b Zvc w`‡q †QvU eo Kiv hvq| B”Qv
Ki‡j c~‡e©i Ae¯’vq wd‡i hvIqv hvq| Bnvi ¸YMZ gvb fvj|
83. mvivw`‡b GKRb gvbyl KZUzKz cvwb e¨envi K‡i _v‡Kb?
DËit mvivw`‡b GKRb gvbyl M‡o cÖvq 30 M¨vjb cvwb e¨envi K‡i _v‡Kb|
84. GK NbdzU AvqZKvi cv‡Î KZUzKz cvwb a‡i?
DËit GK NbdzU AvqZKvi cv‡Î 6.25 M¨vjb cvwb a‡i|
85. wiRvf©‡ii (Water Tank) mvBR wK‡mi Dci wbf©ikxj?
DËit KZRb †jvK evm K‡i Zvi wfwˇZ AvÛviMÖvDÛ wiRvf©v‡i 2 w`‡bi gRy`
Ges Ifvi‡nW wiRvf©v‡i 1 w`‡bi gRy` a‡i mvBR wbY©q Kiv nq|
86. Pvc/Upvc/Cpvc cvBc wK fv‡e joint w`‡Z nq?
DËit Pvc/Upvc/Cpvc cvBc solution ev Mvg Øviv joint w`‡Z n‡e|
87. PPR cvBc wK fv‡e joint w`‡Z nq?
DËit PPR cvBc wnU †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Zvc w`‡q joint w`‡Z nq|
88. cvwbi jvBb KZ ‡cÖmv‡i †PK Ki‡Z nq?
DËit wdwUs jvMv‡bvi c~‡e© pressure machine-Gi mvnv‡h¨ 50 Psi ‡cÖmvi w`‡q
Kgc‡ÿ 3 N›Uv K‡i cÖwZwU jvBb †PK w`‡Z nq|
89. Sewerage Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit kn‡ii evwm›`v‡`i cwiZ¨v³ Zij gqjv‡K Seweage e‡j| BBv bvjv ev
cvB‡ci wfZi w`‡q cÖevwnZ Kiv nq|
90. Drm wnmv‡e Seweage KZ cÖKvi I wK wK?
DËit Drm wnmv‡e Seweage 2 cÖKvi h_v:
(i) Sanitary Seweage (ii) Industrial Seweage
91. Sewer Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit †h b`©gv ev bvjv Seweage cwien‡bi wbwg‡Ë e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K, Zv‡K
Sewer e‡j|

70. 135 136
92. ÔSÕ trap I ÔPÕ trap Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK?
DËit Trap GKwU we‡kl ai‡bi cvÎ we‡kl, †hLv‡b cvwb Rgv _v‡K Ges wbP
n‡Z †Kvb cÖKvi M¨vm Dc‡i Avm‡Z cv‡i bv| †h trap ‡`L‡Z ÔSÕ AvK„wZi
Zv‡K ÔSÕ trap e‡j| Bnvi hole vertical weavq †d¬v‡i wdwUs Ki‡Z nq| Avevi
†h trap †`L‡Z ÔPÕ AvK…wZi, Zv‡K ÔPÕ trap e‡j| Bnvi hole horizontal weavq
Iqv‡j wdwUs Ki‡Z nq|
93. Trap KZ cÖKvi I wK wK?
DËit Trap 3 cÖKvi h_v: (i) ÔSÕ trap, (ii) ÔPÕ trap, (iii) Nahani trap
94. †dqvi †dm wK?
DËit Plaster I is wenxb Ae¯’vq R.C.C gm„Y Surface-†K †dqvi †dm e‡j|
A_v©r, †Kvb cÖKvi cøvóvi I is Kiv hv‡e bv| Bnv cÖavbZ R.C.C Surface-Gi
Dci n‡q _v‡K|
95. Skirting Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit N‡ii wfZ‡i †d¬vi n‡Z Dc‡ii w`‡K 3"-12" ch©šÍ UvBjm ev cøv÷vi
Kivi ci Zvi Dci NCF Kiv nq Zv‡K Skirting e‡j|
96. W¨v‡Wv Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit ivbœvNi ev Uq‡j‡Ui Iqv‡j 1'-6" n‡Z 4'-0" ch©šÍ cøv÷vi K‡i Zvi
Dc‡i NCF nq, Zv‡K W¨v‡Wv e‡j|
97. Paint-Gi Dcv`v‡bi bvg wjL?
DËit Paint-Gi g~j Dcv`vb 5 wU| h_v- (1) †em, (2) wfwn‡Kjm, (3)
WªvBqvim (4) w_bvm©
(5) wcM‡g›U
98. Paint-G w_bvi wnmv‡e wK wgkv‡bv nq?
DËit Plastic paint/Weather coat/Sika wall decor-G w_b©vi wnmv‡e cvwb I
Enamel paint-G w_bv©i wnmv‡e T6 e¨eüZ nq|
99. Paint Kivi c~‡e© plastering surface †K KZ b¤^i cv_i Øviv Nl‡Z nq?
DËit 40 bv¤^vi w`‡q Nl‡Z nq|
100. Putty ˆZwi Kiv‡Z wK wK e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K?
DËit PK cvDWvi- 25 †KwR (01 e¨vM)
cøvw÷K †cB›U- 3 wjUvi
Gbv‡gj †cB›U- 1 wjUvi Ges cwiwgZ cvwb w`‡q wgw·s K‡i Putty
ˆZix Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
101. Electrical work G finishing Kv‡Ri c‡i †h †h wRwbm ¸wji cÖ‡qvRb
nq Zvi bvg¸wj wK wK?
DËit Electrical work-Gi c‡i †h item’s ¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvRb nq †m¸‡jv n‡jvt
Water pump, Push switch, Fire Extinguisher, Lighting arrestors etc.
102. M K. Steel box-Gi size KZ?
DËit MK.Steel box-Gi size 3"  3"  2"
103. Switch board & power point-Gi D”PZv mvaviYZ KZ nq?
DËit Floor level n‡Z Switch board-Gi D”PZv 4 wdU Dc‡i n‡q _v‡K|
Floor level n‡Z power point-Gi bottom level-Gi D”PZv 6" Dc‡i n‡q
_v‡K|
104. Light point-Gi D”PZv mvaviYZ KZ nq?
DËit Floor level n‡Z Light point-Gi D”PZv mvaviYZ 7'-6" Dc‡i n‡q
_v‡K|
105. Electrical Kv‡R Box, pipe, wire, MDB, SDB Qvov Ab¨vb¨ Avi wK wK
cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbm cÎ e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K?
DËit Dc‡iv³ wRwbmcÎ QvovI electrical Kv‡R wb¤œewY©Z wRwbmcÎ ¸wj
e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K,
(K) eRªcvZ wbiæa‡bi Rb¨ Lighting arrestor ev Air Terminal e¨eüZ n‡q
_v‡K|
(L) Af¨šÍwib †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ Intercom e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|
(M) Mig evZvm evwni Kivi Rb¨ wK‡P‡b Exhaust Fan (12"12") e¨eüZ n‡q
_v‡K|
(N) ZvQvov Lift, Generator, Sub-station e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|
106. 2- ‡Kvi Zvi Kv‡K e‡j?
DËit ‡h Zv‡ii wfZ‡i 2 wU Zvgvi Zvi _v‡K, Zv‡K 2-‡Kvi Zvi e‡j|
107. Mosaic chips-Gi standard size KZ?
DËit 10mm (Bnv Qvov 8mm, 12mm I wRiæ `vbv cvIqv hvq)|
108. KZ b¤^i cv_i Øviv mosaic cutting Ki‡Z nq?
DËit 40, 60 I 120 b¤^i cutting stone Øviv mosaic cutting Ki‡Z nq|
109. Mosaic floor-G †MøR Avbvi Rb¨ wK e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K?
DËit Final cutting-Gi ci yellow stone-Gi ¸ov †d¬vi G Qwo‡q w`‡q
mosaic Machine-Gi mvnv‡h¨ N‡l mosaic †d¬v‡i †MøR Avbv nq|

71. 137 138
110. Mosaic-Gi Proportion KZ?
DËit Proportion 4:5 A_©vr 40 kg 1 bag white cement-Gi mv‡_ 50 kg 1
bag mosaic chips wgw·s Ki‡Z nq|
111. Mosaic KZ evi cutting Ki‡Z nq?
DËit 3 evi cutting Ki‡Z nq|
112. 2'  2' c¨v‡bj Ki‡Z 100 sft Mosaic Kv‡Ri Rb¨ KZUzKz 3/4" glass
strip-Gi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e?
DËit 130 sft
113. †h cv_i Øviv mosaic cutting Ki‡Z nq Zvi bvg wK?
DËit Pumice I carborundum stone
114. 100 sft Mosaic Kv‡Ri Rb¨ materials-Gi cwigvY KZ (4:5)?
DËit Stone chips- 2.75 bags 137.5 kg.
White cement- 2.75 bags or 110 kg.
Glass strip-130 rft.
115. Tiles wKfv‡e wall-G jvMv‡Z nq?
DËit Wall-Gi bxP †_‡K Dc‡ii w`‡K Tiles jvMv‡Z n‡e|
116. Tiles KZ cÖKvi I wK wK?
DËit e¨env‡ii w`K †_‡K Tiles `yB cÖKvi h_vt (a) Wall tiles (b) Floor tiles
¸bv¸‡bi w`K †_‡K Tiles `yB cÖKvi h_vt (a) Homogeneous tiles, ‡d¬vi-G
e¨eüZ nq (b) Glazed tiles, Bnv Iqvj G e¨eüZ nq| Floor tiles Avevi `yB
cÖKvi h_vt
(a) Homogeneous tiles (b) c‡m©vwjb UvBjm| AvK…wZi w`K †_‡K Tiles `yB
cÖKvi h_vt
(a) Normal tiles, (b) †jRvi KvU tiles.
117. Tiles jvMv‡bvi proportion KZ?
DËit Wall-Gi Rb¨ 1:3 Ges Floor-Gi Rb¨ 1:4
118. Tiles-Gi cut pice me©wb¤œ KZUyKz †`Iqv hv‡e?
DËit Tiles-Gi cut pice me©wb¤œ 1.5" †`Iqv hv‡e|
119. 60 (420) grade wK?
DËit Yield strength 60,000 psi n‡j, Zv‡K 60 grad or 420 MPa e‡j|
120. 40 (276) grade wK?
DËit Yield strength 40,000 psi n‡j, Zv‡K 40 grad or 276 MPa e‡j|
121. 72.5 (500) grade wK?
DËit Yield strength 72,500 psi n‡j, Zv‡K 72.5 grad or 500 MPa e‡j|
122. (K) 40 grade steel-Gi cwie‡Z© 60 grade Ges (L) 60 grade steel-
Gi cwie‡Z© 72.5 grade e¨env‡ii myweav wK?
DËit (K) 40 grade steel-Gi cwie‡Z© 60 grade steel e¨envi Ki‡j cÖvq
20% steel Kg jvM‡e| (L) 60 grade steel-Gi cwie‡Z© 72.5 grade steel
e¨envi Ki‡j cÖvq 15% steel Kg jvM‡e|
123. †e gvK© (B.M) wK?
DËit Bnv GKwU wbw`©ó wPý Ges W¨vUvg-Gi Dci hvnvi R.L wbY©q Kiv nq
Bnv future reference-Gi Rb¨ record Kiv nq| Bench mark mvaviYZ piller
pier, bridge, mile post BZ¨vw`i Mv‡q ¯’vcb Kiv nq|

Building Constriction Work (October 2016)
01. Mobilization- (1) Materials list, 2) Project launch.
02. Lay Out- (1) Materials list, 2) Lay out system.
03. Piling work- (1) Pile Layout system, (2) Materials list, (3)
Equipments list, (4) Work procedure, (5) Work format, (6) Materials
consumption list
04. Earth Excavation- (1) Earth work, (2) Foundation, (3) Work
procedure, (4) Check list for Earth work.
05. R.C.C work- (1) Materials list, (2) Equipment list, (3) Specification
of materials, (4) Concrete mix proportion, (5) Mortar Peparation, (6)
Work procedure, (7) Materials consumption chart, (8) Field test of
matesials, (9) Curing period, (10) Rod Lapping system, (11) Work
format, (12) Shuttering system, (13) Rebar work, (14) Check list for
R.C.C work
06. Brick work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials, (3)
Mortar proportion, (4) Mortar preparation, (5) Work procedure, (6)
Materials Consumption Chart, (7) Field test of materials, (8) Check
list for brick work
07. Wood work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials,
(3)Work Procedure, (4) Materials consumption chart, (5) Work
format, (6) Standard height of fittings

72. 139 140
08. Sanitary and Plumbing work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification
of materials, (3) Work Procedure, (4) Standard vertical height of
fittings, (5) Standard horizontal height of fixture, (6) Field Test of
materials, (7) Distance for commode hole, (8) Materials consumption
list, (9)Measurement for Sanitary fixtures, (11) Work format
09. Electrical work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials, (3)
Field test of materials, (4) Work procedure, (5) Check list, (6)
Standard height of fixtures, (7) Materials consumption, (8) Weight of
copper wire, (9) Work format
10. Plastering work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials,
(3) Mortar proportion, (4) Mortar preparation, (5) Work procedure,
(6) Materials consumption chart, (7) Field test of materials, (8)
Plaster check format
11. Paint work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials, (3)
Work Procedure, (4) Materials consumption chart, (5) Paint to be
used, (6) Check list for paint work
12. Mosaic work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials,
(3)Mortar proportion, (4) Mortar preparation, (5) Work Procedure,
(6) Materials consumption chart, (7) Field test of material, (8) Check
list for Mosaic work, (9) Work format.
13. Tiles work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials, (3)
Mortar proportion, (4) Mortar Preparation, (5) Work Procedure, (6)
Materials consumption chart, (7) Field test, (8) Check list for Titles
work, (9) Work format.
14. Aluminium work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials,
(3) Work Procedure, (4) Check list Aluminium, (5) Materials
consumption chart
15. LCC. work- (1) Materials list, (2) Specification of materials, (3)
Mortar ratio, (4) Mortar Preparation, (5) Work Procedure, (6)
Materials consumption, (7) Work format.
16. Safety and Security- (1) Sefety and Security
 BNBC = Bangladesh National Building Code.
 BSTI = Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institute.
 ASTM = American Society for Testing and Materials.
 ACI = American Concrete Institute.
 CPM = Critical Path Method.
 PL = Plinth Level.
 OPC = Ordinary Portland Cement.
Aóg Aa¨vq
wbg©vY KvR I Gw÷‡gU


[8-1] GKwU Av`k© evwoi wbg©vY e¨‡qi bgybv-1 t

µwgK
bs
Kv‡Ri eY©bv e¨‡qi kZKiv wnmve
(%)
gšÍe¨
(1) wmwfj KvR feb e¨‡qi = 75% GLv‡b dvD‡Ûkb
e¨q = 15%
(2) cvwb mieivn I
m¨vwbUvix e¨q
feb e¨‡qi = 15%
(3) we`y¨r e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 9%
(4) M¨v‡mi e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 1%
†gvU e¨q = 100%



[8-2] GKwU Av`k© evwoi wbg©vY e¨‡qi bgybv-2 t

µwgK
bs
fe‡bi wewfbœ As‡ki eY©bv e¨‡qi kZKiv wnmve (%)
(1) dvD‡Ûk‡bi e¨q (wcøš’ ch©šÍ) feb e¨‡qi = 20%
(2) mycvi óªvKPv‡ii e¨q
(dvD‡Ûk‡bi Dc‡ii Ask)
feb e¨‡qi = 80%
†gvU e¨q = 100%

[8-3] GKwU Av`k© evwoi wbg©vY e¨‡qi bgybv-3 [Kv‡Ri AvB‡Ug
Abymv‡i]

µwgK
bs
fe‡bi óªvKPvi As‡ki eY©bv e¨‡qi kZKiv wnmve (%)
(1) dvD‡Ûkb e¨q (wcøš’ ch©šÍ) (cvBwjs mn) feb e¨‡qi = 10%

73. 141 142
(2) B‡Ui Muv_ywbi e¨q (RjQv` mn) feb e¨‡qi = 34%
(3) wW.wc.wm. (W¨v¤ú cÖæd †Kvm©) e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 1%
(4) †d¬v‡ii e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 5%
(5) Qv‡`i e¨q (wmuwo mn) feb e¨‡qi = 20%
(6) Kv‡Vi Kv‡Ri e¨q (`iRv-Rvbvjv) feb e¨‡qi = 15%
(7) cøv÷vi Kv‡Ri e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 7%
(8) Kvjvwis is Ges †cBw›Us e¨q (†nvqvBU
Iqvm, Kvjvi Iqvk BZ¨vw`)
feb e¨‡qi = 5%
(9) wewea e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 3%
†gvU e¨q = 100%



[8-4] wbg©vY mvgMÖx I wg¯¿x (†jevi) e¨‡qi kZKiv bgybv

µwgK
bs
wbg©vY mvgMÖx I wg¯¿x e¨q e¨‡qi kZKiv wnmve (%)
(1) B‡Ui e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 22%
(2) wm‡g‡›Ui e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 12%
(3) óx‡ji (†jvnv) e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 11%
(4) Kv‡Vi (wU¤^vi) e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 10%
(5) Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vY mvgMÖxi e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 15%
(6) †jevi (wg¯¿x) e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 31%
(7) cøvóvi Kv‡Ri e¨q feb e¨‡qi = 7%
†gvU e¨q = 100%

wet`ªt (K) m¨vwbUvix I cvwbi mieiv‡ni e¨q = feb e¨‡qi 8%
(L) we`y¨r ¯’vc‡bi e¨q = feb e¨‡qi 7%
[8-5] GKwU c~Y©v½ evwoi wbg©vY e¨‡qi (LiP) bgybv t

µwgK
bs
Kv‡Ri eY©bv e¨‡qi kZKiv wnmve (%)
(K) Kbmvj‡U›U wd t
(1) wWRvBb e¨q
(2) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mycviwfkb e¨q

feb e¨‡qi = 6%
feb e¨‡qi = 1%
†gvU = 7%
(L) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri e¨q t
(1) wbg©vY mvgMÖxi e¨q
(2) ivRwg¯¿x I †jev‡ii e¨q
(3) hš¿cvwZi e¨q
(4) KȪv±‡ii jvf
(5) Ifvi‡nW (cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^ e¨q)
(6) wewea e¨q

feb e¨‡qi = 60%
feb e¨‡qi = 20%
feb e¨‡qi = 3%
feb e¨‡qi = 10%
feb e¨‡qi = 4.5%
feb e¨‡qi = 2.5%
†gvU = 100%

[8-6] evwo wbg©v‡Y- †jevi Kv‡Ri †iU (wg¯¿x `i) t

µwgK
bs
†jevi (wg¯¿x) GKK (mgq) `i (†iU) UvKv
(1) †nW wg¯¿x
(K) †nW iW wg¯¿x
(L) †nW Kv‡c©›Uvi
(M) †nW †cB›Uvi
(N) †nW weUzwgb wg¯¿x
(O) †nW cøv¤^vi





cÖwZw`b





= 600/-
(2) (K) iW wg¯¿x
(L) Kv‡c©›Uvi
(M) †cB›Uvi
(N) weUzwgb wg¯¿x
(O) cøv¤^vi




cÖwZw`b




= 500/-

74. 143 144
(3) (K) `ÿ †njcvi
(L) `ÿ †jevi
(M) mvaviY †jevi
(N) `ÿ †UKwbwmqvb
(O) †dvig¨vb
cÖwZw`b
cÖwZw`b
cÖwZw`b
cÖwZw`b
cÖwZw`b
= 400/-
= 300/-
= 300/-
= 300/-
= 600/-

[8-7] wg¯¿x (†jevi) Kv‡Ri mswÿß c×wZ t
†jevi ev wg¯¿x KvR mvaviYZ `yB ai‡bi| †hgb t
(K) †iv‡Ri (cÖwZw`b) KvR I (L) gv‡ci KvR (gvc c×wZ)|
(K) †ivR (cÖwZw`b) Kv‡Ri c×wZ t GB c×wZ‡Z evwoi gvwjK ev wbg©vZv cÖwZ
†ivR (cÖwZw`b) wnmv‡e wg¯¿x wb‡qvM K‡i _v‡Kb Ges wbR Z`viwK‡Z
(mycviwfkb) wbg©vY KvR ev¯Íevqb K‡i _v‡Kb|
* †ivR (cÖwZw`b) Kv‡Ri myweav I Amyweav mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(K) Kv‡Ri mweav t
(1) G‡Z Kv‡Ri ¸YMZgvb AR©b Kiv mnR nq|
(L) Kv‡Ri Amyweav t
(1) Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ gš’i nq Ges (2) wg¯¿x LiP †e‡o hvq|
(L) Ògv‡c KvRÓ Kivi c×wZ t wbg©vY Kv‡R c~Y© Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) Ki‡Z
bv cvi‡j, `ÿ (cvKv) wg¯¿x A_ev †QvU wVKv`vi‡K gv‡c KvR †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i
Ges GB c×wZ‡K gv‡c KvR ejv nq|
* gv‡c Kv‡Ri myweav I Amyweav mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(K) Kv‡Ri myweav t
(1) G‡Z KvR `ªæZ MwZ‡Z AMÖmi nq|
(L) Kv‡Ri Amyweav t
(1) G‡Z Kv‡Ri ¸YMZgvb wbqš¿‡Y ivLv KóKi nq Ges
(2) wVKv`vi (KȪv±i) m¯Ív wg¯¿x jvwM‡q KvR †kl K‡i|
wet`ªt gv‡c KvR Kivi mgq GKRb `ÿ Z`viKKvix (mycvifvBRvi) wb‡qvM
Kiv DËg|
[8-8] wewfbœ Kv‡Ri mv‡cÿ wewfbœ wg¯¿xi (†jevi) bvg t
†h Kv‡R †h wg¯¿x evwo ev feb wbg©v‡Y cÖ‡qvRb nq, Dnv‡`i QK (bgybv)
mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
µwgK
bs
Kv‡Ri eY©bv wg¯¿xi bvg
(1) gvwUi KvUvi Kv‡R, cÖ‡qvRb t `ÿ gvwU KvUvi m`©vi|
(2) evwoi dvD‡Ûkb †j-AvDU ¯’vcb Kv‡R,
cÖ‡qvRb
t `ÿ mycvifvBRvi|
(3) (K) B‡Ui Muv_ywbi Kv‡R,
(L) XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R,
(M) cøv÷vi Kv‡R Ges
(N) RjQv` wbg©v‡Y, cÖ‡qvRb



t `ÿ ivRwg¯¿x
(4) (K) XvjvB‡qi †m›Uvwis ev mvUvwis ¯’vcb
Kv‡R,
(L) XvjvB‡qi †jvnvi LuvPv ˆZix Kivi
Kv‡R, cÖ‡qvRb


t `ÿ iW wg¯¿x
(5) mKj m¨vwbUvix Kv‡R, cÖ‡qvRb t `ÿ m¨vwbUvix wg¯¿x
(6) mKj ˆe`y¨wZK (B‡jKwUªK¨vj) Kv‡R,
cÖ‡qvRb
t `ÿ jvB‡mÝavix
B‡jKwUªK wg¯¿x
(7) M¨vm jvBb ms‡hvRb Kv‡R t jvB‡mÝavix M¨vm KȪv±i
(8) mKj Kv‡Vi Kv‡R t `ÿ QyZvi (KvV wg¯¿x)
(9) MÖxj, ÷x‡ji `iRv-Rvbvjv, †jvnvi †iwjs
wbg©vY Kv‡R
t `ÿ MÖxj wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb
(10) †d¬vi (†g‡S) †gvRvBK wbg©v‡Y, ev_iæ‡g
Uvwj ¯’vcbvi Kv‡R
t `ÿ †gvRvBK wg¯¿x
(11) evwoi wfZ‡i I evB‡i is Kiv, †jvnvi
DcKi‡Y is Kiv, Kv‡V cvwjk Kiv Kv‡R
t `ÿ is wg¯¿x cÖ‡qvRb
(12) evMvb ˆZix Kiv, MvQ-cvjv wbe©vPb Kiv
Kv‡R, cÖ‡qvRb
t `ÿ gvwj
wet`ªt (1) Dc‡iv³ mKj wg¯¿x‡`i KvR Z`viwK (mycviwfkb), cwigvc,
wnmve Ges wbqš¿Y ivLv cÖ‡qvRb|
(2) Dc‡iv³ Kv‡Ri myô mgvav‡b GKRb `ÿ Z`viKKvix
(mycvifvBRvi) wb‡qvM Kiv DwPZ|

75. 145 146
[8-9] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri Gw÷‡gU t
(1) Gw÷‡g‡Ui D‡Ïk¨ (cÖ‡qvRbxqZv) t
evwo ev feb wbg©v‡Y wKsev †h †Kvb cÖ‡R± wba©vi‡Yi wbg©vY mvgMÖxi Gw÷‡gU I
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri m¤¢ve¨ e¨q wbiƒcb AZ¨vek¨K|
we:`ª: (K) GKRb AvwK©‡U± wKsev BwÄwbqvi wKsev cø¨vbvi Gw÷‡gU I m¤¢ve¨
e¨‡qi gva¨‡g evwoi mwVK cø¨vb, wWRvBb I wbg©vY KvR m¤úv`b
K‡i _v‡Kb|
(L) GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, GKRb Gw÷‡g‡Ui GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨
n‡”Q wbg©vY Kv‡Ri m¤¢ve¨ e¨q wbiƒcb Kiv|
(2) Gw÷‡g‡Ui cÖKvi †f` t
(K) cÖ‡R± Gw÷‡gU,
(L) wewìs Gw÷‡gU Ges
(M) iv¯Ívi Kv‡Ri Gw÷‡gU|
wewìs Gw÷‡gU, Bnv Avevi wbgœiƒ‡c wef³| †hgb t
1. AvB‡Ug †iU (Item Rate)
2. wcøš’ Gwiqv †iU (Plinth Area Rate)
3. jvg - mvg‡iU (Lump-Sum Rate) BZ¨vw`|
[8-10] GKwU c~Y©v½ evwo ev feb Kv‡Ri Gw÷‡gU t
GKwU c~Y©v½ evwoi Kv‡Ri Gw÷‡gU mvaviYZ wbgœwjwLZ welqmg~‡ni Dci
wbf©i K‡i| †hgb t
(1) wbg©vY mvgMÖxi e¨q|
(2) cwienb e¨q|
(3) wg¯¿xi e¨q|
(4) guvPv ˆZixi e¨q|
(5) hš¿cvwZi e¨q|
(6) cvwb mieivn I ivR¯^ (U¨v·) e¨q|
(7) Kv‡Ri mycviwfkb e¨q|
(8) wewea e¨q| †hgb t
(K) Ievi‡nW e¨q (cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^ e¨q)|
(L) KȪv±‡ii, jvf BZ¨vw`|
[8-11] GKwU c~Y©v½ evwo ev fe‡bi Gw÷‡gU ˆZix Kivi c×wZ
Gw÷‡gU ˆZix Kivi mgq †h mKj wel‡q aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e Zv mvaviYZ
wbgœiƒc t
(1) WªBs-Gi cÖwZ myMfxi aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e|
(2) cwigvc, †hgb t ˆ`N©¨  cÖ¯’  D”PZv m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e|
(3) K¨vjKz‡jkb mvaviYZ ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I D”PZv wb‡q MwVZ|
(4) cÖ‡Z¨K Kv‡Ri AvB‡Ug m¤ú‡K© ¯úó aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e|
(5) cÖ‡Z¨K WªBs Ges Kv‡Ri AvB‡Ug m¤ú‡K© Mfxi aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e|
(6) WªBs †hgb t cø¨vb, Gwj‡fkb, †mKkb BZ¨vw`i cÖwZ ¯úó aviYv _vK‡Z
n‡e|
wet`ªt GKRb Gw÷‡gUi WªBs, wWRvBb I Kv‡Ri weeiY (wmwWDj) BZ¨vw`
m¤ú‡K© aviYv wb‡q evwoi Gw÷‡gU ˆZix K‡i _v‡Kb, Z‡e mwVK Gw÷‡gU
wbiƒcb Kiv AZ¨vek¨K|

Fig. Beam Reinforcement details

76. 147 148

Fig. Slab Reinforcement details
Fig. Column with Foundation Footing

77. 149 150

Gw÷‡gU wbiƒc‡b mswÿß e¨vL¨v t
Gw÷‡gU n‡”Q Kv‡Ri m¤¢ve¨ e¨q hvnv mvaviYZ evwoi cø¨vb, WªBs, Kv‡Ri
weeiY (†¯úwmwd‡Kkb) ev Kv‡Ri wmwWDj Ges eZ©gvb Kv‡Ri †iU BZ¨vw`
Abyhvqx wbiƒcb Kiv nq|

[8-15] i‡Wi û‡Ki ˆ`‡N©¨i cwigvc Ges Bnvi mswÿß weeiY t
GLv‡b, û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ 12 d Abyhvqx Ges d = i‡Wi Wvqv (e¨vm) aiv nq|

i‡Wi mvBR i‡Wi û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨
6 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 70 wgwg.
10 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 120 wgwg.
12 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 150 wgwg.
16 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 200 wgwg.
19 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 225 wgwg.
22 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 265 wgwg.
25 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 300 wgwg.
28 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 340 wgwg.
32 wgwg. Wvqv i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki ˆ`N©¨ = 390 wgwg.

wet`ªt
(1) GKUv i‡Wi ˆ`N©¨ 6 wgUv‡ii AwaK n‡j †jwcs w`‡Z n‡e| A_©vr 6 wgUvi
AwaK ˆ`N©¨ n‡j †jwcs w`‡Z n‡e|
(2) i‡Wi †jwcs A_©t GKwU i‡Wi mv‡_ Ab¨ GKwU i‡Wi †Rvov jvMv‡bv
eySvq|
(3) i‡Wi †jwcs mvaviYZ wWRvBb Abymv‡i wR.AvB. Zvi I I‡qwìs K‡i
†Rvov jvMv‡bv nq|
Fig. Building Footing Foundation (Plan & Section)

78. 151 152
[9-1] wbg©vY mvgMÖxi msw¶ß weeiY|
[9-2] wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ¸Yv¸b cix¶vi (†Uó) c×wZ|
[9-3] gvwU (Soil)|
[9-4] cvwb (Water)|
[9-5] BU (Brick)|
[9-6] †Lvqv (Khoa)|
[9-7] evwj (Sand)|
[9-8] wm‡g›U (Cement)|
[9-9] w÷j iW (Steel Rod)|
[9-10] KvV (Wood)|
[9-11] UvBjm (Tiles)|
[9-12] AvjKvZiv/weUzwgb (Bitumen)|
[9-13] fvwb©m (Varnish) I †cB›U (Paint)|
[9-14] fvwb©k Ges †cB›U e¨env‡ii weeiY (QKmn)|
[9-15] wW‡÷¤úvi (Distemper)|
[9-16] Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vY mvgMÖx| †hgb t
(K) Møvm (L) Gm‡e÷m (M) cøvw÷K cvBc
(N) cøvBDW (O) nvW©‡evW©|

beg Aa¨vq
wbg©vY mvgMÖx Ges Bnvi mswÿß weeiY

Av‡jvPbv I mswÿß m~PxcÎ






















[9-1] wbg©vY mvgMÖxi mswÿß weeiY t
†h mKj mvgMÖx w`‡q evwoi wbg©vY KvR ˆZix Kiv nq, Dnv‡K wbg©vY mvgMÖx ejv
nq|
GKRb ¯’cwZ, wbg©vY cÖ‡KŠkjx, wKsev evwo wbg©vZv wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ¸Yv¸b I
e¨envi m¤^‡Ü myMfxi aviYv _vKv Avek¨K|
[9-2] wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ¸Yv¸b cixÿv (†U÷) Kivi c×wZ t
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri c~‡e© wbg©vY mvgMÖx †hgb t BU, evwj, wm‡g›U, iW BZ¨vw` ¸Yv¸b
cixÿv Kiv AZ¨vek¨K|
GKRb AwfÁ I †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ wbg©vY BwÄwbqvi wKsev Kbmvj‡U›U BwÄwbqvi
wKsev cÖwZôvb KZ…©K Dc‡iv³ wbg©vY mvgMÖxi ¸Yv¸b cixÿvi Rb¨ mvBU †_‡K
wbgœwjwLZ fv‡e bgybv (Sample) msMÖn K‡i j¨ve‡iUix‡Z cvVv‡Z nq| †hgb t
(1) wm‡g›U †U÷ t cÖwZ 500 e¨vM wm‡g‡›Ui óK †_‡K 1 e¨vM wm‡g‡›Ui
bgybv msMÖn K‡i wmj w`‡q j¨ve‡iUix‡Z cvVv‡Z n‡e|
(2) BU †U÷t cÖwZ 50,000 B‡Ui óK †_‡K GK‡mU BU (5Lvbv)1g †kªYxi
ev Svgv BU msMÖn K‡i wmj w`‡q j¨e‡iUix‡Z cvVv‡Z n‡e|
(3) evwj †U÷t cÖwZ 10,000 NbdzU (wmGdwU) wgwWqvg I †gvUv evjy t óK
†_‡K cÖwZ 500 MÖvg bgybv msMÖn K‡i wmj w`‡q j¨ve‡iUix‡Z cvVv‡Z
n‡e|
(4) w÷j iW †U÷ t cÖwZ ev‡i iW óK †_‡K 1 wgUvi (6dzU) j¤^v mvBR wZb
UzKiv iW (GK †mU) bgybv wnmv‡e msMÖn K‡i wmj w`‡q j¨ve‡iUix‡Z
cvVv‡Z n‡e|
[9-3] gvwU (Soil), wbg©vY mvgMÖx t
gvwU, evwo wbg©v‡b wbgœwjwLZ Kv‡R e¨envi n‡q _v‡K | †hgbt
(1) gvwUi fvi enb ÿgZv (†jvW †iqvwis) ¯Íi wnmv‡e dvD‡Ûk‡b
e¨eüZ nq| cvBj dvD‡Ûk‡bi †jvW †iqvwis ¯Íi wnmv‡e I
e¨eüZ nq|
(2) iv¯Ívi Kv‡R di‡gkb †j‡fj wnmv‡e e¨eüZ nq|
(3) Avevi, KuvPvgvj wnmv‡e gvwU BU, †Lvqv UvBjm wm‡g›U wmivwgKm
Møvm BZ¨vw` Kv‡RI e¨eüZ nq|

79. 153 154
[9-4] cvwb (Water)
Rxeb iÿvi Rb¨ cvwb †hgb AZ¨vek¨K †Zgwb wbg©vY Kv‡RI cvwbi e¨envi
Acwinvh©| wbg©vY Kv‡R cvb‡hvM¨ cvwb (Drinking water) e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|
wbgv©Y Kv‡R cvwbi evwn¨K e¨envi t cvwb wm‡g›U I Ab¨vb¨ gvj gmjv‡Z
e¨envi n‡q _v‡K| wgkª `ªe¨ †hgb t gUvi, cøv÷vi, KbwµU, B‡Ui Mv_yuwb
BZ¨vw` ˆZixi Kv‡R h_vh_ wbq‡g cvwb e¨envi n‡q _v‡K|
wKDwis (Curing)
cvwb Øviv RgvUKiY cÖwµqv‡K wKDwis ejv nq| hvnv wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv
nq |
wbg©vY Kv‡R †h cvwb e¨envi Kiv DwPZ t cvwb cwi¯‹vi, GwmW I jeY gy³
nIqv cÖ‡qvRb |
wet `ªt 1 NbdzU (wm.Gd.wU) cvwbi IRb =62.4 cvDÛ|

[9-5] BU I wmivwgK BU (Brick & Ceramic Bricks) t
(K) B‡Ui cÖKvi‡f` mvaviYZ wbgœiƒct
1) 1g †kªYxi BU (Ist Class Bricks).
2) 2q †kªYxi BU (2nd Class Bricks).
3) 3q †kªYxi BU (3rd Class Bricks).
4) Svgv BU (Jhama Bricks).
5) wc‡KW Svgv BU (Picked Bricks);

(L) BU mbv³KiY c×wZt
(1) 1g †kªYxi BU (Ist class Bricks) mbv³KiY c×wZt
(K) B‡Ui mvBR Ges is mgiƒc _v‡K|
(L) me©Î mgvb fv‡e †cvov‡bv _v‡K|
(M) ci¯úi AvNvZ Ki‡j cwi¯‹vi Vb Vb kã n‡e|
(N) †Kvb wPi ev dvUj _v‡K bv |
(O) wZbdzU Dci †_‡K Av‡iKwUi Dci †d‡j w`‡j mn‡R fv‡½ bv|
(P) cvwb‡Z †Wvev‡j †kvlY ÿgZv 15% †ekx nq bv|
(2) 2q †kªYxi BU (2nd Class Bricks) mbv³ KiY c×wZ t
(K) Bnv 1g †kªYxi B‡Ui gZB is Ges k³ wKš‘ mvBR Ges †mc wKQyUv
Amgvb Ges B‡Ui Zj (surface) Agm„b _v‡K
(L) BU †cvov‡bv wKQy Kg |
(M) kã Zxÿè bq|
(N) B‡Ui Mv‡q dvUj _v‡K|
(O) cvwbi †kvlY ÿgZv 15% -Gi †P‡q †ekx _v‡K|
(3) 3q †kªYxi BU mbv³ KiY c×wZ
(K) GB ai‡bi BU ch©vß †cvov‡bv _v‡K bv Ges ¸Yv¸Y wbgœgv‡bi|
(L) mn‡R †f‡½ hvq|
(M) Vb Vb kã nq bv|
(N) cvwbi †kvlY ÿgZv 25% -Gi †P‡q †ekx n‡q _v‡K|
(4) Svgv BU (Jhama Bricks)t AwZwi³ Pv‡c †cvov‡bv BU mvaviYZ Kv‡jv
I duvcv n‡q _v‡K| GB mKj BU‡K Svgv (jhama) BU ejv nq|
(5) wc‡KW BU (picked) t Bnv mvaviYZ †ekx ZvcgvÎvq †cvov‡bv BU hvnv
1g †kªYxi Svgv B‡Ui ga¨eZx ch©v‡q _v‡K GB ai‡bi BU‡K wc‡KW BU
ejv nq|
wc‡KW BU mbv³ KiY c×wZ t
1. 1g †kªYxi B‡Ui †P‡q AwaKgvÎvq †cvov‡bv BU|
2. 1g †kªYxi †P‡q k³ BU|
3. Zxÿèkã|
4. Dci †_‡K †dj‡j fv‡½ bv|
5. aviv¸‡jv AuvKveuvKv I wcV¸‡jv AmgZj n‡q hvq|
BU e¨env‡i kZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKvt
¯’vqx wbg©vY Kv‡R 1g †kªYxi BU e¨envi Kiv Avek¨K| cvKv Kv‡R 2q I 3q
†kªYxi BU e¨envi Kiv DwPZ bq| †Kej gvÎ evDÛvix Iqvj (†`qvj) wbgv©Y
A¯’vqx †kW wbg©vY RjQv‡` AvswkK e¨envi Kiv hvq |
wc‡KW BU e¨envi t Bnv Kbwµ‡Ui †Lvqv ˆZixi Dc‡hvMx|
(M) wd‡ì ev mvB‡U B‡Ui ¸Yv¸Y cixÿvi c×wZt
(1) GKwU BU‡K Av‡iKwU BU wKsev nvZzwo w`‡q AvNvZ Ki‡j fvj BU Vb
Vb kã K‡i|

80. 155 156
(2) `yBwU BU nv‡Z wb‡q Bs‡iRx T-Gi gZ GKwU AciwUi 6 dzU Dci
†_‡K BU `y‡Uv mgvb gvwUi Dci †dj‡Z n‡e| cÖ_g †kÖYxi BU n‡j Zv
KLbI fv½‡e bv|
(3) B‡Ui wc‡U ev Zjv‡Z nv‡Zi b‡Li Øviv AvPuo †`Iqv n‡j hw` fvj BU
nq Z‡e †Kvb `vM co‡e bv hw` Lvivc BU nq Z‡e AuvPo `vM †`Lv
hv‡e|
(N) B‡Ui e¨envi mvaviYZ wbgœiƒct
(1) B‡Ui †h †Kvb mvBR KbóªvKkb †`qvj ˆZix‡Z e¨envi n‡q _v‡K|
(2) †d¬vi ˆZix‡Z BU e¨envi n‡q _v‡K|
(3) AvP© I Kvwb©k ˆZix‡Z BU e¨envi n‡q _v‡K|
(4) Kbwµ‡Ui †Lvqv ˆZix‡Z BU e¨envi _v‡K|
(5) jvBg cøvóvi I jvBg KbwµU myiwK wnmv‡e BU e¨envi nq|
(O) B‡Ui mvBR t mvaviYZ t 9.5″ 4.5″ 2.75″(238wgwg.113 wgwg.
70wgwg.) gv‡ci evsjv BU [wc.WweøD. wW (PWD) wmwWDj Abyhvqx]
Avgv‡`i †`‡k e¨eüZ nq Ges gUvimn D³ mvBR 10″5″3″
(250 wgwg. 125wg.wg. 75wgwg )nq|
(P) wmivwgK t BU (†gwk‡b ˆZix BU)t
(1) mvaviYZ t 3, 10 I 13 wQ`ª wewkó wmivwgK BU DbœZ gv‡bi †`qvj
ˆZix‡Z e¨envi n‡q _v‡K|
(2) (8″4″2″) mvB‡Ri †dwms BU hvnv jvj is I †UKmB Ges Bnv
m¯§y‡Li B‡Ui Muv_ywb‡Z AjsKvi wnmv‡e e¨eüZ nq|
(3) AjsKvi Ges evqy PjvP‡ji myweavi Rb¨ wmivwgK Rvwj e¨envi Kiv
nq|

BU e¨env‡i wKQy Z_¨vejxt
(1) B‡Ui IRb cÖwZ Nbdz‡U = 120 cvDÛ|
(2) cÖwZ 100 Nb dzU (wm. Gd. wU ) B‡Ui Mvu_ywb‡Z = cÖvq 1200 BU I 15
NbdzU wm‡g›U gkjvi cª‡qvRb nq|
(3) cÖwZ 100 NbdzU (wm.Gd.wU) †Lvqvi Rb¨ = 850 wU wc‡KU Svgv BU
fvs‡Z nq|
(4) cÖ_g †kÖYxi B‡Ui cvwb †kvlY 24 N›Uvq =15% |
(5) 1g †kªYx B‡Ui µvwks kw³ =200 †KwR /eM© †m. wg.|
(6) wc‡KU B‡Ui µvwks kw³ =210 †KwR/ eM© †m. wg.|

Fig. Types of Bricks
Fig. Bricks cut to various types

81. 157 158

82. 159 160
[9-6] †Lvqv (Khoa)t
(K) †cvov‡bv wc‡KW Svgv BU †f‡½ KbwµU Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †Lvqv ˆZix Ki‡Z
nq| †Lvqvi mvBR mvaviYZ 3/4 Bw †ekx n‡e bv Ges 1/4 BwÂ-Gi
†P‡q Kg n‡e bv|
(L) †Lvqv e¨env‡i mZ©KxKiY wb‡`©wkKvt wbgv©Y Kv‡Ri mgq †Lvqv cwi¯‹vi
Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb †Kvb cÖKvi gqjv, gvwU B‡Ui ¸ov, AvMvQv ev Ab¨vb¨
AveR©bv bv _v‡K|
wet`ªt B‡Ui ¸uov Avjv`v Kivi Rb¨ †Lvqv †gvUv Pvjybx w`‡q fvj K‡i Pvj‡Z
n‡e| AZtci wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨env‡ii c~‡e© ch©vß cwi¯‹vi cvwb w`‡q †aŠZ
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(M) †÷vbwPcm (†gwk‡b fv½v cv_i )/ wm‡½jm t
mvaviYZ cvBj dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡R wWRvBb Abyhvqx †÷vbwPcm (†gwk‡b
fv½v cv_i) wKsev wm‡½j (†QvU †evìvi cv_i) e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|
Bnv‡`i mvBR mvaviYZ 3/4 Bw †ekx n‡e bv Ges 1/4 BwÂ-Gi †P‡q
Kg n‡e bv|

[9-7] evwj/evjy (Sand)t
(K) evwj t wewìs wbgv©Y mvgMÖx wnmv‡e evwj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L|
evwj mvaviYZ t wZb fv‡M wef³ | †hgbt
1| wfwU evjy (Viti Sand)
2| wPKb evjy (Fine Sand)
3| ga¨g †gvUv evjy (Moderate Coarse Sand)
4| †gvUv evjy (Coarse Sand)
5| wm‡jU evjy (Sylhet Sand)
(L) Dc‡i³ evjyi mswÿß weeiY wbgœiƒc t
(1) wfwU evjy (Gd Gg=0.5) t wfwU evjy ïay mvBU/ Rwg fivU Kivi
Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq |
(2) miæ evjyy (Gd Gg =1.05) t miæ evjy cøvóv‡ii Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(3) ga¨g †gvUv evjy (Gd Gg=1.50) t ga¨g †gvUv evjy mvaviYZ
B‡Ui Muvaywbi gUv©‡ii Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq |
(4) †gvUv evjy (Gd Gg=2.00) t Kbwµ‡Ui XvjvB Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î
†gvUv evjy e¨eüZ nq |
(5) wm‡jU evjy (Gd Gg=2,50) t wm‡jU evjyy mev©waK †gvUv| †gvUv
evjy‡Z KbwµU fvj nq | wm‡jU evjy GK Z…Zxqvsk I Ab¨ †gvUv
evjy `yB Z…Zxqvsk †gkv‡bv KbwµU fvj dj cvIqv hvq|
(M) †gvUv evjyi cÖvwß ¯’vb t eªþcy‡Îi Zx‡i XvKvi Kvwjqv‰Ki †kicyi
wgicy‡i †gvUv evjy cvIhv hvq| wm‡j‡Ui evjy fvj|
(N) evjy e¨env‡i mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKvt evjyi m‡½ gqjv, Kv`vgvwU †fRvj
_vK‡Z cvi‡e bv †jvbv evjy e¨envi Kiv DwPZ bq| wbg©vY Kv‡R
e¨env‡ii c~‡e© evjy fvjfv‡e †aŠZ K‡i e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| evjy‡Z
†KvbcÖKvi AvMvQv, Wvjcvjv, wkKo, gvwU ev b~wo _vK‡Z cvi‡e bv|
(O) fvj evjy cixÿv Kivi c×wZ wbgœiƒc| †hgbt
1) fvj evjy a~jv Ges Kv`vgvwU _vK‡e bv|
2) evjy Zxÿè `vbv hy³ n‡Z n‡e|
3) fvj evjyi Gd Gg mvBR mvaviYZ 1.50 †_‡K 2.50 nq|
4) evjy‡Z ˆRweK c`v_© I cuPv cvZv _vK‡Z cvi‡e bv|
(P) evjyi e¨envit
1) evjy h_vh_ gvb Abyhvqx mvaviYZ g©Uvi cøv÷vi Ges Kbwµ‡Ui
Kv‡R e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|&
2) Bnv AwaKš‘ wQ`ª gy³ Ges mxU Møvm ˆZix‡Z e¨eüZ nq|
3) wfwU evjy Rwg fivU Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq Ges
4) †d¬vi (†g‡S) wKsev iv¯Ívi weªK mwjs (B‡Ui mwjs) ˆZix‡Z B‡Ui
duv‡K duv‡K wfwU evjy c~Y© K‡i mwjs Gi m¤ú~Y© KvR Kiv nq|
(Q) myiwK (Surki)t Bnv mvaviYZ miæ B‡Ui ¸uov| hvnv jvBg gUvi, jvBg
cøvóvi Ges jvBg KbwµU (RjQv` ˆZix‡Z) e¨vcK fv‡e e¨eüZ n‡q
_v‡K|
(R) evjy cixÿv (Sand Test)t evjy cixÿvq mvaviYZ cwjgvwU ˆRweK c`v_©
hvQvB Ges c„_K Kivi Rb¨ evjy cixÿv Ki‡Z nq|
[9-8] wm‡g›U (Cement) t
(K) wm‡g›U (Cement)t wbg©v‡Y wm‡g›U n‡”Q wm‡gw›Us ev evBwÛs mvgMÖx|
(L) wm‡g‡›Ui Bwbwmqvj †mwUs UvBg (Initial Setting Time)t mvaviYZ

83. 161 162
wm‡g›Ui Bwbwmqvj †mwUs UvBg =45 wgwbU|
(M) wm‡g‡›Ui dvBbvj †mwUs UvBg (Final Setting Time)t mvaviYZ
wm‡g‡›Ui dvBbvj (†kl) †mwUs UvBg= 10 NÈv|
(N) cy‡ivcywi k³ nIqvi mgq t wm‡g›U cy‡ivcywi k³ nIqvi Rb¨ wm³
Ae¯’vq Kgc‡ÿ 28 w`b (4 mßvn) mgq jv‡M|
(O) wm‡g›U e¨env‡i mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKv t GLv‡b †R‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb nq,
cvwb wgkv‡bvi 30 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨B wm‡g›U wgkv‡bv gvj-gmjv h_v¯’v‡b
e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| b‡Pr 30 wgwb‡Ui ci †_‡K wm‡g‡›Ui kw³ bó n‡Z
_vK‡e|
(P) wm‡g‡›Ui cÖKvi‡f` I e¨envit
µwgK
bs
wm‡g‡›Ui cÖKvi e¨env‡ii myweav
(1) mvaviY †c©vUj¨vÛ wm‡g‡›U
(Ordinary Portland Cement)
t GB ai‡bi wm‡g›U evwo wbg©v‡Y mg¯Í
cÖKvi KbwµU Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(2) `ªæZ kw³ AR©bKvix wm‡g›U
(Rapid Hardening Cement)
t cvwbi bx‡P Ges †gwib Kv‡R e¨eüZ
nq|
(3) mv`v wm‡g›U (White Cement) t †d¬vi Ges Iqv‡ji †gvRvBK ˆZixi
Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(4) i½xb wm‡g›U (Colour Cement) t AjsKvi mvRv‡bv Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(5) wmwjKv wm‡g›U (Silica Cement) t ÿq †ivaK Ges AwMœ‡ivaK Kv‡R
e¨eüZ nq|
(Q) wm‡g›U gRy` (óK) ivLvi c×wZ t wm‡g›U mvaviYZ ﯋ RvqMvq gvwU
†_‡K wKQy Dc‡i gvPv (cøvU-dig) ˆZix K‡i gRy` ivLv DwPZ Ges
evwn‡ii Av`ª©Zv evZvm Ges e„wói nvZ †_‡K iÿv Kiv DwPZ| KviY
wm‡g›U evZv‡mi Av`ªZ©vi ms‡hv‡M wm³ ev †Wgc (Damp) G cwiYZ nq
hvnv wm‡g‡›Ui RgvU evavi m„wó K‡i Ges Ae‡k‡l wm‡g‡›Ui kw³ ax‡i
ax‡i Kg‡Z _v‡K|
wm‡g›U gRy‡` kZ©KxKiY wb†`©wkKv t wm‡g›U Qvjvi e¨v‡M Av`ªZv© XyK‡Z
cv‡i bv d‡j wm‡g›U `xN©w`b fvj _v‡K|
(R) wm‡g›U msµvšÍ mswÿß Z_¨vejx t
(1) 1 e¨vM wm‡g‡›Ui IRb = 50 †KwR ev 112 cvDÛ
(2) 1 Ub = 20 †eM|
(3) cÖv_vwgK(Initial) †mwUs UvBg = 45 wgwbU|
(4) †kl (Final) †mwUs UvBg = 10 N›Uv|
(5) cy‡ivcywi k³ nIqvi mgq = 28 w`b (4 mßvn)|

[9-9] ÷xj iW (Steel Rod)t
(K) ÷xj iW t Avi. wm.wm. (KbwµU) XvjvB‡Z Gg. Gm iW e¨envi n‡q
_v‡K|
(L) wbg©vY Kv‡R i‡Wi e¨envi c×wZ t wbg©vY Kv‡R iW †gvUv‡gvwU fv‡e
†mvRv ivL‡Z n‡e| iW e¨env‡ii c~‡e© wmwil KvMR w`‡q cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z
n‡e|
wet`ªt (1) iW e¨en‡ii c~‡e© †hb †Kvb cÖKvi ˆZj RvZxq c`v_©, gwiPv BZ¨vw`
bv _v‡K| hw` _v‡K Dnv cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e |
(2) 26 †MwR gv‡ci wR AvB Zvi w`‡q iW evavi KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|
(M) †cøBb iW Ges wW- digW i‡Wi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ t Gg. Gm iW gm„b AveiY
_vKvi d‡j KbwµU Ges i‡Wi eÛ kw³ (eÜb kw³) wW- digW i‡W
Zzjbvq Kg _v‡K| wW-digW iW `woi gZ †cuPv‡bv _v‡K hvnv KbwµU
Ges i‡Wi ms‡hvM (eÜbkw³) e„w× K‡i|
(N) wW- digW i‡Wi e¨env‡ii DcKvwiZvt wW- digW i‡Wi `vg wKQy †ekx
n‡jI wg¯¿x LiP Kg nq|
(O) iW msµvšÍ mswÿß Z_¨vejx t
(1) 1 Ub iW = 1000 †KwR iW
(2) iW mvaviYZ 2 †MÖW e¨eüZ nq| †hgbt
(K) 40 †MÖW (40 grade) Ges (L) 60 †MÖW (60 grade)|
(P) iW e¨env‡i kZ©KxKiY wb‡`©wkKv t wbgv©Y Kv‡R iW e¨env‡ii c~‡e©
¯^xK…Z cªwZôvb A_ev wbgv©Y BwÄwbqvi A_ev Kbmvj‡U›U BwÄwbqvi
KZ„©K i‡Wi ¸Yv¸b cixÿv (†U÷) Kiv AZ¨vek¨K|
†Uwej [9-2] ÷xj i‡Wi e¨env‡ii QK (bgybv) mvaviYZ wbgœiƒct
(1) 3 ev 4-myZv iW
(3/8Ó Wvqv ev 1/2Ó Wvqv)
t mvaviYZ evwo ev fe‡bi ¯ø¨v‡ei iW
wnmv‡e wWRvBbvi KZ…©K e¨envi nq|
(2) 5-m~Zv ev Z‡ZvwaK myZv iW
(5/8Ó Wvqv)
t Kjvg dvD‡Ûkb dzwUs Ges we‡gi
iW wnmv‡e e¨eüZ nq|
(3) 2 - myZv ev 3 - myZv iW
(1/4Ó Wvqv ev 3/8Ó Wvqv)
t ÷xivd (eÜbx iW) wnmv‡e we‡g I
Kjv‡g e¨eüZ nq|
wet `ªt Dc‡iv³ iW e¨env‡ii wWRvBbvi KZ…©K Aby‡gvw`Z nIqv evÂbxq Ges
26 †MwR wR. AvB Zvi Ges I‡qjwWs K‡i iW evavB Kiv DwPZ|

84. 163 164
[9-10] KvV (Wood) t
Avgv‡`i †`‡k wewfbœ cÖKv‡i KvV cvIqv hvq| Dnv‡`i cÖKvi‡f` Ges
e¨envi wb‡gœ ewY©Z n‡jv t
(K) Kv‡Vi cÖKvi †f` Ges Dnv‡`i &e¨env‡ii QK (bgybv)t
µwgK bs Kv‡Vi bvg e¨envi
(1) †gnMwb, KovB, P¤^j, KvVvj,
†m¸b BZ¨vw` KvV
t AvmevecÎ ˆZix‡Z e¨eüZ nq|
(2) †gnMwb, wkj, KovB, Rvg,
MRvwi BZ¨vw` KvV|
t `iRvi †PŠKvV wnmv‡e e¨eüZ nq|
(3) Mvgvwi KvV t `iRvi cvjøvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(L) Kv‡Vi wmRwbs (Seasoning)t KvV KvUvi Av‡M A_ev c‡i Dnvi
e¨env‡ii Dc‡hvMx Kivi Rb¨ Mv‡Qi Qvqvi A_ev cvwb‡Z K‡qKw`b
†d‡j ivL‡Z nq| GB c×wZ‡K Kv‡Vi wmRwbs ejv nq |
(M) Kv‡Vi wmRwbs Kivi D‡Ïk¨ t Kv‡Vi wmRb Kiv n‡j Dnv‡Z Ny‡b wKsev
†cvKv a‡i bv Ges kxZKv‡j evuKv nq bv|
(N) KvV wmRwbs Kivi weKí c×wZ t Mig ev‡¯úi mvnv‡h¨ AwZ Aí mg‡q
KvV wmRwbs Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avgv‡`i †`‡k GB c×wZ‡Z KvV wmRwbs
Kiv n‡”Q|
(O) fvj KvV mbv³ KiY c×vwZ t is MÜ IRb, dvUv BZ¨vw` evwn¨Kiƒc
†`‡L fvj KvV mbv³ Kiv nq| †hgb t
1) wkj, KovB L‡qwi is‡qi n‡q _v‡K|
2) †gnMwb, P¤^j nvév Kvj‡P I nj‡` is n‡q _v‡K|
3) KuvVvj KvV Mvo njy` is‡qi n‡q _v‡K|
4) fvjKvV wb‡iU IRb m¤úbœ I Amvi KvV nvév IRb m¤úbœ|
(P) KvV e¨env‡i kZ©KxKiY wb‡`©wkKv t Kv‡Vi AveiY mv`v n‡j Dnv Amvi
n‡q _v‡K| D³ mv`v Ask gvivZœK ÿwZKi Ges Zvnv mn‡R Ny‡b a‡i|
(Q) e¨eüZ KvV msiÿY Kivi c×wZ t Kv‡V mvaviYZ †cB›U weUzwgb,
cÖ‡jc, evwb©k, w·qvRU ˆZj BZ¨vw` h_vh_ wbq‡g e¨envi K‡i msiÿY
Kiv nq|
[9Ñ11] UvBjm (Tiles)t
(K) UvBjm t Bnv mvaviYZ †d¬v‡i, Iqv‡j (†`qv‡j) Ges cvwb wb¯‹vkb
Kv‡Ri c×wZ‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq|
(L) UvBjm Gi cÖKvi‡f`| †hgbt
(1) Qv‡`i UvBjm (Roof Tiles).
(2) d¬vU UvBjm (Flat Tiles).
(3) †d¬vi UvBjm (Floor Tiles).
(4) Iqvj UvBjm (Wall Tiles).
(5) †Wªb UvBjm (Drain Tiles).
Dc‡iv³ UvBj†mi mswÿß weeiY wbgœiƒc t
2) d¬¨vU UvBjm (&mvBR mvaviYZ ) t (6ÕÕ6 ÕÕ  1/2'ÕÕ)
†_‡K (8ÕÕ8ÕÕ1/2ÕÕ)
3) †d¬vi UvBjm t (6ÕÕ6ÕÕ) †_‡K (12ÕÕ12ÕÕ)
Ges cyiæZ¡ =(1/2 ÕÕ †_‡K 3ÕÕ)
4) Iqvj UvBjm t (6ÕÕ6ÕÕ1/2ÕÕ) mvaviYZ ev_iæg
Ges Uq‡jU(†jwUªb)-G e¨eüZ nq
(5) †Wªb UvBjm t GB ai‡bi UvBjm mvaviYZ
m¨vwbUvwi Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq |
(M) fvj UvBjm mbv³ KiY c×wZ t fvj UvBjm- mvBR, †mc mgvb I
mgiƒc Ges KuvUv dvUv evuKv BZ¨vw` †_‡K gy³ _v‡K |
[9-12] AvjKvZiv/weUzwgb (Bitumen) t
(K) AvjKvZiv t †cÖ‡Uªvwjqvg Ges mv`v w¯úwiU w`‡q AvjKvZiv ¸jv‡bv nq|
(L) AvjKvZivi e¨envi t †jvnv Ges cøv÷vi Kv‡Ri wfZi AvjKvZiv
e¨envi Kiv nq| mvaviYZ Kv‡Vi Dci AvjKvZiv e¨envi K‡i
DuB‡cvKv Ges Ny‡bi nvZ †_‡K KvV‡K iÿv Kiv nq|
[9-13 ] fvwb©k (Varnish) t
(K) fvwb©k t Av¤^vi †mjvK Ges Zvwc©b wgwkªZ K‡i fvwb©k ˆZix Kiv nq
evRv‡i wewfbœ cÖKvi fvwb©k cvIqv hvq| †hgbt
(1) Kcvj fvw©bk (Copal Varnish)
(2) I‡qj fvwb©k (Oil Varnish)

85. 165 166
(3) IqvUvi fvwb©k (Water Varnish)
(4) w¯úwiU fwb©k (Spirit Varnish)
(5) wWm‡U¤úvi (Distemper)
(L) fvwb©‡ki e¨envi t mvaviYZ Kv‡Vi Dci fvwb©k e¨envi Kiv nq, hvnv
KvV‡K D¾¡j Ges gReyZ K‡i|
(M) †d«Ä cwjk/†kjvK t Kv‡Vi †d«Ä cwjk, †kjvK BZ¨vw` Kv‡Vi mvi‡d‡m
(Surface) jvwM‡q wdwbwks KvR Kiv nq|
(N) wW‡÷¤úvi (Distemper) t wW‡÷¤úvi mvaviYZ PK cvDWvi mv‡_ jvj
A_ev njy` AP©vi A_ev jvj ˆZj mv‡_ Møy-wgwk‡q †nvqvBU Iqvk A_ev
Kvjvi Iqv‡ki jvMv‡bv ¯’v‡b e¨eüZ nq|

[9-14] is /†cB›U (Paint) t
(K) †cB›U Ges fvwb©‡ki e¨env‡ii D‡Ïk¨ t (1) †cB›U Ges fvwb©k †jvnvi
Kv‡Ri gwiPv ÿq †iva K‡i Ges Kv‡Vi Kv‡Ri †cvKvgvKo QÎvK Ges
cPb †_‡K KvV‡K iÿv K‡i|
(2) Ab¨w`‡K, †cB›U Kiv mvi‡dm D¾¡j iƒc aviY K‡i|
(L) w_bv‡ii e¨envi t w_bvi †cB‡›Ui mv‡_ wgwk‡q †cB‡›Ui Kvh©KvwiZv e„w×
K‡i|
w_bvi wewfbœ cÖKvi| †hgbt
(1) Zviwcb ˆZj (2) bvcZv Ges (3) w¯úwiU|
(M) evRv‡i wewfbœ cÖKvi †cB›U cvIqv hvq | †hgb t
(1) Gjywgwbqvg ‡cB›U (2) wm‡g›U †cB›U
(3) †KvjUvi †cB›U (4) Gbv‡gj †cB›U
(N) wbg©vY Kv‡R is (†cB›U) e¨env‡i mswÿß c×wZ t
3- av‡c is jvMv‡bv nq| †hgbt
(1) cÖ_‡g t mvi‡dm cwi¯‹vi K‡i cÖvBg‡KvU jvMv‡bv nq|
(2) wØZxq ev‡i t AvÛvi †KvU jvMv‡bv nq|
(3) PyovšÍ fv‡e t GK A_ev `yB wdwbk †KvU jvMv‡bv nq|
[9-15] fvwb©k Ges †cB›U e¨env‡ii mswÿß weeiY t

µwgK bs †cB›U e¨env‡ii ¯’vb †cB‡›Ui aiY (UvBc) gšÍe¨
(1) cøv÷v‡ii Iqvj
(fe‡bi evwn‡ii
‡`qvj
t (1) †mœv‡mg
(2) wWD‡iv‡mg
(3)PzbKvg
(4)Kvjvi Iqvk
(5) wm‡g›U Iqvk
(6) cøvw÷K †cB›U

(2) fe‡bi wfZ‡ii †`qvj

t (1) †nvqvBU Iqvk|
(2) Kvjvi Iqvk
(3) wW‡÷¤úvi
(4) cøvw÷K †cB›U
(2) PK
cywU
cÖvBg‡KvU
wnmv‡e
e¨eüZ
nq|
(3) m¨uvZ m¨uv‡Z cøv÷vi
†`qvj
t (1)W¨v¯ú ÷c †cB›U
(4) wmivwgK B‡Ui †`qvj t (1) wmwjKb IqvUvi
wi‡c‡j›U|

(5) ev_iæg Ges wK‡Pb
iæ‡gi †`qvj
t (1) Gbv‡gj †cB›U
(2)ievi †cB›U

(6) feb Qv` t (1) iæwds KgcvDÛ
(7) feb †g‡S (†d¬vi) t (1) wbU wm‡g‡›Ui mwnZ †iW
A·vBW is e¨envi

(8) Kv‡Vi `iRv Rvbvjv t (1) †d«Âcwjk/†kjvK
(2) Gbv‡gj †cB›U

(9) †jvnvi `iRv Rvbvjv t (1) Gbv‡gj †cB›U
(10) KbwµU †Rvov †`Iqv
(﯋ Ae¯’vq)
(1) Gcw· R‡qbwUs
KgcvDÛ

86. 167 168

87. 169 170

88. 171 172
[10-1] Kg Li‡P (¯^íg~‡j¨) evwo wbg©vY|
[10-2] wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bvi Dcvqmg~n|
[10-3] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g e¨q Kgv‡bvi Dcvq|

[9-16] Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vY mvgMªx, †hgbt
(K) Møvm (Glass) t Møvm wbg©vY mvgMªx wnmv‡e AwZ cwiwPZ Ges Bnv `iRv-
Rvbvjv, cvwU©kb Iqvj BZ¨vw` Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq| evRv‡i wewfbœ is Ges
gv‡bi Møvm cvIqv hvq|
(L) Gm‡e÷m (Asbestos) t AwMœ‡ivaK wnmv‡e fe‡bi Qv‡` wmwjs Ges
cvwUkb wm‡U (Iqv‡j) Gm‡e÷m e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|
(M) cøvw÷K cvBc (Plastic) t cvwbmieivn I wb¯‹vkb wnmv‡e eZ©gv‡b wbg©vY
Kv‡R cøvw÷K cvBc e¨eüZ nq|
(N) cøvBDW (Ply Wood) t cøvBDW Kv‡Vi cÖ¯‘Z KviK wRwbm, Bnv mvaviYZ
AvmevecÎ ˆZwi‡Z d¬vk UvBc `iRv ˆZixi Kv‡R Ges Rvbvjv I
cvwU©kb Iqv‡j cøvBDW e¨eüZ nq|
(O) nvW© †evW© (Hard Board) t Kv‡Vi wPcm ev UzKiv †_‡K †mjy‡jvW
dvBevi I jvBwbs K‡i nvW© †evW© ˆZix Kiv nq|
(P) nvW© †ev‡W©i e¨envi t evwoi wfZ‡ii (Bb‡Uwiqi) wWRvBb wnmv‡e wmwjs
cvwUkb Iqvj, Qv` `iRv-Rvbvjv BZ¨vw`‡Z nvW©-†ev©W e¨eüZ n‡q
_v‡K|

`kg Aa¨vq
evwo wbg©v‡Y e¨q Kgv‡bvi Dcvq

Av‡jvPbv I mswÿß m~PxcÎ





[10-1] Kg Li‡P (¯^í g~‡j¨) evwo wbgv©Y t
mwVK cwiKíbv I Z`viwKi (mycviwfkb) gva¨‡g Ges wbg©vY mvgMªx I wbg©vY
Kv‡Ri h_vhZ ¸bMZgvb eRvq †i‡L KgLi‡P evwo wbg©vY Kiv hvq| GLv‡b
¯^íg~‡j¨ evwo wbg©vY ej‡Z wbgœgv‡bi evwo bq| mwVK evwoi cø¨vb, wWRvBb
Gw÷‡gU, m‡qj‡U÷ Ges AwfÁ cª‡KŠkjx/AvwK©‡U±/K›Uªv±i I `ÿ KvwiM‡ii
wb‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g Rwgi gvwjK 20% Kg Li‡P evwo wbgv©Y Kiv m¤¢e |
[10-2] wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bvi Dcvqmg~n t
wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bvi Dcvqmgyn mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc| †hgbt
(1) mwVK wbg©vY cwiKíbv Ges Dnvi Z`viwK (mycviwfkb)|
(2) †`kxq wbg©vY mvgMÖxi e¨envi|
(3) mwVK f~wgi e¨envi |
(4) cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y wbivcËv e¨e¯’v|
(5) cÖvK…wZK `y‡hv©M cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v|
Avevi, Dc‡iv³ Dcvqmg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY wbgœiƒc t
(1) mwVK wbg©vY cwiKíbv Ges Dnvi Z`viwK (mycviwfkb)t mwVK wbg©vY
cwiKíbv Ges Dnvi ev¯Íevqb I mycvwfk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ evwo wbg©vY e¨q
20% Kgv‡bv m¤¢e|

89. 173 174
(2) †`kxq wbgv©Y mvgMxªi e¨envi t we‡`kx (Foreign) wbg©vY mvgMªxi cwie‡Z©
†`kxq (Local) mvgMÖx h_vh_ gvb eRvq †i‡L e¨envi Kiv n‡j wbgv©Y
e¨q Kgv‡bv m¤¢e|
(3) mwVK f~wg/Rwgi e¨envit cø¨vb Abyhvqx f~wgi mwVK e¨envi Kiv n‡j
wbg©vY e¨q A‡bKvsk Kgv‡bv m¤¢e|
(4) cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y I wbivcËvi e¨e¯’vt mwVK cwi‡ek (mvBU) wbqš¿Y Ges
wbivcËvi gva¨‡g wbgv©Y e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq|
mwVK cwi‡ek ej‡Z t mvB‡U evDÛvix Iqvj ˆZix Rvb-gv‡ji wbivcËv
I wbqš¿Y Ges wbg©vY Kv‡Ri avivevwnKZv eRvq ivLv (Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ),
mvB‡U cvwb mieivn I wb¯‹vkb e¨e¯’v we`y¨r mieivn, mvB‡U mnR
cÖ‡ek c_ ˆZix Ges †Uwj‡dvb †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v, cªwZ‡ekx‡`i mv‡_
m¤¢ve eRvq ivLv BZ¨vw`|
(5) cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v t cÖK…wZK `~‡h©vM †hgb t eb¨v I eb¨vi
cvwb, So, e„wó, `~‡hv©M AvenvIqv, f~wgK¤ú BZ¨vw` w`K we‡ePbv K‡i
wbg©vY cwiKíbv Kiv n‡j e¨q A‡bKUv Kgv‡bv hvq|
[10-3] wbgv©Y Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g e¨q Kgv‡bvi Dcvqmg~n t
wbgœwjwLZ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g evwo wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bv m¤¢e
(K) evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix t Rwgi gvc Abyhvqx mwVKfv‡e evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix Kiv
n‡j wbgv©©Y e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq|
(L) dvD‡Ûkb wbgv©Y KvR t dvD‡Ûkb mwjs Ges XvjvB ev` wb‡q wWRvBbvi
KZ©„K dvD‡Ûkb wWRvBb Kiv n‡j wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq|
(M) †`qvj (Iqvj) wbgv©Y KvR t 1g †kªYxi BU w`‡q Ges h_vh_ gv‡bi I
gkjv (gU©vi) e¨envi K‡i wKDwis Kiv n‡j B‡Ui †`qv‡j cøvóv‡ii
cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| Gfv‡e wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq|
(N) wj‡›Uj wbgv©Y t A‡bK mgq `iRv Rvbvjvi Dci Uvbv wj‡›Uj bv w`‡q
wWRvBbvi KZ…©K LÛ ev UzKiv wj‡›Uj w`‡q ev e¨envi K‡i wbg©vY e¨q
Kgv‡bv hvq|
(O) Qv` wbgv©Y t Qv‡` iæwds K¤úvDÛ e¨envi K‡i RjQv‡`i KvR m¤úbœ
Kiv hvq Ges Zv‡Z wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq|
(P) `iRv Rvbvjv e¨envi t `iRv-Rvbvjv `vgx Kv‡Vi cwie‡Z© evwn‡ii
†`qvj óxj, Gs‡Mj †d«g Ges wmU e¨envi Kiv hvq| evwoi wfZ‡i
mKj `iRv nvW© †evW© e¨envi K‡i e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq|
(Q) †d¬vi wbgv©Y t A‡bK mgq wcøš’ †j‡fj †d¬v‡ii cwie‡Z© evwji †g‡S
(†d¬v‡i) fvjfv‡e `yigyR K‡i cwjw_b w`‡q B‡Ui mwjs Ges gU©vi
e¨envi K‡i †d¬vi ˆZix Kiv n‡j e¨q Kgv‡bv m¤¢e |
(R) m¨vwbUvix KvRt m¨vwbUvwi we‡`kx mvgMÖxi cwie‡Z© †`kxq (Local) mvgMÖx
e¨envi K‡i wbgv©Y LiP Kgv‡bv hvq|
(S) we`¨yZ KvR t we`y¨r mieiv‡ni Kv‡R †`qv‡ji mvi‡d‡m Iqvwis Kivi
Rb¨ Avgv‡`i †`‡k m¯Ívq we`¨yr mvgMÖx h_vh_ gv‡bi cvIqv hvq hvnv
Øviv wbgv©Y e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq |



Fig. Typical elevation of window/

90. 175 176
[11-1] evwoi Av‡jv evZvm I we`¨yr mieivn e¨e¯’v|
[11-2] kxZvZc wbqš¿Y I kã wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v|
[11-3] evwo‡Z wjdU, †Rbv‡iUi Ges mve-†÷kb ¯’vcb|
[11-4] evwo‡Z cvwb mieivn I wb¯‹vkb Ges m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’v|
[11-5] M¨vm mieivn I †Uwj‡dvb, Gw›Ubv, Kw¤úDUvi BZ¨vw` e¨envi |
GKv`k Aa¨vq
evwo wbg©v‡Y mvwf©m e¨e¯’vmg~n

Av‡jvPbv I mswÿß m~PxcÎ








[11-1] evwoi Av‡jv- evZvm I we`y¨r mieivn e¨e¯’v t
(K) evwoi Av‡jv-evZvm (cÖevn) t evwoi cø¨vb, wWRvBb Ges w`K
(Orientation) Ggb nIqv DwPZ †hb m~‡h©i Av‡jv Ges evqy cªevn
mPivPi evwoi Dci cÖfve †d‡j| kxZKv‡j m‡ev©”P m~‡h©i Av‡jv Ges
MÖx®§Kv‡j me©wbgœ m~‡h©i Av‡jv we`¨gvb _v‡K|
(L) evwoi we`¨yr mieivn e¨e¯’v t †h mKj ÿz`ª ˆe`¨ywZK hš¿ evwoi we`y¨Z
mieivn Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq Zvnv wbgœiƒc| †hgb t
(1) myBP (switch) t Bnv Ggb GKwU ÿz`ª ˆe`¨ywZK cvUm (hš¿) hvnv
ˆe`¨ywZK mvwK©‡Ui cÖfv‡e Av‡jv †`q wKsev Av‡jv wbwf‡q †d‡j|
(2) UªvÝ digvi (Trans –formers) t Bnv Ggb GKwU ˆe`¨ywZK hš¿ hvnv
we`¨y‡Zi D”PPvc Kwg‡q wbgœPv‡c iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i Ges we`¨yZ cÖevn
mÂvjb K‡i|
(3) ˆe`¨ywZK evwZ t wewfbœ cÖKvi ‰e`¨ywZK evwZ mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(K) wUDe jvBU t wUDe jvB‡U Kg cvIqv‡i †ekx Av‡jv cvIqv hvq |
(L) †d¬v‡i‡m›U wUDe jvBU (Flourescent Tube Light)t †d¬v‡m›U wUDe
jvB‡Ui Av‡jv mvaviYZ : mv`v Ges Avivg`vqK|
(M) Svo evwZ t †mŠwLb evwoi emev‡mi iæ‡g SvoevwZ AjsKvi evwZ wnmv‡e
e¨envi Kiv nq|
(N) †eW jvBU (Bed-Light)t †eWiæ‡gi weQvbvq ï‡q covi mgq †eW jvBU
e¨envi Kiv nq|
(O) wWg- jvBU (Dimp-light)t AÜKv‡i Kg Av‡jv e¨env‡ii Rb¨ wWg -
jvBU e¨envi Kiv nq |
(P) wmwKDwiwU jvBU (Security Light) t mKj cÖKvi wbivcËvi Rb¨ evwoi
evwn‡ii †`qvj wmwKDwiwU jvBU e¨envi Kiv nq|
(Q) Gj©vg †ej / Kwjs †ej t evwo‡Z wewfbœ Kv‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡b wewfbœ ai‡bi
Kwjs †ejevwoi †M‡U wKsev `iRvi cv‡k¦© e¨envi Kiv nq|
(4) evwoi wewfbœ iæ‡g 15 Gw¤úqvi m‡KU e¨env‡ii QK mvaviYZ wb¤œiƒc
(evsjv‡`k b¨vkbvj wewìs †KvW Abyhvqx) t
µwgK bs Kÿ ev iæ‡gi bvg m‡KU e¨env‡ii (msL¨v)
(1) WªBs iyg 1wU (m‡KU)
(2) emev‡mi iæg (wjwfs iæg) 1wU
(3) †eW iæg 1wU
(4) WvBwbs iæg 1wU
(5) wK‡Pb iæg 2wU
(6) wd«R ivLvi iæg 1wU
(7) Gqvi KbwWkbvi iæg 1wU (cÖwZwUi Rb¨)
(8) ev_iæg cÖ‡qvRb b‡n
(9) eviv›`v 1wU
(5) evwo‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi ˆe`¨ywZK d¨v‡bi e¨env‡i wbgœiƒc t
(K) B‡jKwUªK d¨vb (Electric Fan).
(L) †c‡Wóvj d¨vb (pedestal Fan).
(M) wmwjs d¨vb (Ceiling Fan).
(6) †gBb myBP Ges myBP †evW© t
(K) †gBbmyBP t evwo‡Z we`¨yZ mieiv‡ni Rb¨ evwoi cÖ‡ek RvqMvi
KvQvKvwQ †gBb myBP ¯’vcb Kiv nq |

91. 177 178
(L) myBP †evW© t evwo‡Z we`¨yZ mieiv‡ni Rb¨ †`qv‡ji Mv‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq
¯’v‡b myBP †evW© ¯’vcb Kiv nq |
(M) B݇cKkb e· (Inspection Box) t wbqwgZ we`y¨Z mieiv‡ni
iÿYv‡eÿY Kv‡R ˆe`¨ywZK Zv‡ii wcwiqwWK¨vj (mvgwqK) B‡b¯úKkb
cÖ‡qvRb nq| GB e¨e¯’v B‡b¯úKkb e‡·i mvnv‡h¨ m¤úbœ Kiv nq|
(N) Aviw`s (Earthing) t ˆe`¨ywZK `yN©Ubvi nvZ †_‡K Rvb I gv‡ji
wbivcËvi Rb¨ evwo‡Z Aviw`s-Gi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
(O) jvBwUs G‡ióvi (Lightning Arrester) t wbwg©Z evwo‡Z AvKv‡k I
eRªcvZ †iv‡a jvBUwbs G‡i÷vi ¯’vcb Ki‡Z nq |
(P) Wvqbv‡gv Ges gUi hš¿ (Dynamos & Motors) t ˆe`¨ywZK kw³
cÖavbZ Wvqbv‡gv Ges gUi h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ cwiPvwjZ n‡q _v‡K |
(Q) cv¤ú‡gwkb t Bnv GKwU †gwkb hvnvi mvnv‡h¨ gvwUi bx‡P Aew¯’Z
cvwbi wiR©vfvi †_‡K cvwb Qv‡`i U¨vs‡K D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq |

[11-2] kxZvZc wbqš¿Y I kã wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v t
(K) kxZvZc wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v t AvaywbK kxZvZc wbqš¿Y Ges Zvc cÖevn Ggb
GKwU e¨e¯’v hvnv K‡¤cÖmvi, ev¯úxq †db Ges Kzwjs kxZj Kb‡Wbmvi
BDwbU Øviv MwVZ| GB ai‡bi BDwbU‡K iƒg Gqvi KwÛkbvi ejv nq
Ges hvnv †eWiæg, Awdmiæg, †nv‡Ujiæg Ges Ab¨vb¨ Abyiƒc iæ‡g
e¨envi Kiv nq |
(L) kã wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v t eZ©gvb AvevwmK feb ev evwo‡Z kã wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v
LyeB cÖ‡qvRb I ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| myZivs wWRvBbvi evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix Kivi
mgq cªwZ iæ‡g kã wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e Ges †mB
Abyhvqx wWRvBb Ki‡Z n‡e |

[11-3] evwo‡Z wjdU, †Rbv‡ij Ges mve †÷kb ¯’vcb
(K) wjdU t Bnv GKwU cvÎ A_ev cøvUdi‡gi gZ RvqMv hvnv evwoi `yB ev
Z‡ZvwaK †d¬v‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM iÿv K‡i Ges †jvKRb Ges gvjvgvj
enb K‡i Dci& Ges bx‡P I †d¬v‡i DVvbvgv K‡i|
wet`ªt wjdU 6 Zjv Dc‡ii evwo‡Z A_v©r eûZj fe‡b ¯’vcb Kiv nq| wjdU
Ges Gwj‡fUi eûZj evwoi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask| mvaviYZ 15/16 Zjv
evwo wbg©v‡Y (nvB ivBR wewìs ) Bnv‡`i e¨envi Acwinvh©|
(L) †Rbv‡iUi ¯’vcb (Generator) t eûZj evwo‡Z we`¨yr weåvU Gov‡bvi
Rb¨ evowZ †Rbv‡iUi ¯’vcb Kiv nq|
(M) mve-†÷kb ¯’vcb (Sub-station) t eûZj fe‡b hvwš¿K †Mvj‡hv‡Mi
Rb¨ †Rbv‡iUi ¯’vcb Kiv nq| Zv‡Z AwZwi³ we`¨yZ e¨envi nq| d‡j
AwZwi³ we`¨yr e¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y mve -†÷kb ¯’vcb cÖ‡qvRb nq|

[11-4] cvwb mieivn I wb¯‹vkb Ges m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’v
(1) evwoi cvwb mieivn I wb¯‹vkb e¨e¯’v t
(K) cvwb mieivn Ges Bnvi wWªwóª weDkb cvBcmg~n|
(L) Bnvi wdwUs Ges Uªvcmg~n|
(M) m‡qj cvBc, †f›U (Vent) cvBc Gs Gw›UmvB‡dvb cvBc|
(N) evwoi †Wªb Ges b`gv©i jvBb (Kv‡bKkb mn) mgyn|
(O) wbgv©Y mvB‡Ui Av‡k cv‡k cvwbi mieiv‡ni jvB‡bi e¨e¯’v|
(P) cvwb Mig Ges kxZj Kivi hš¿ Ges mieiv‡ni e¨e¯’v, BZ¨vw`|
(2) evwo‡Z cvwbi wgUvi (IqvUvi wgUvi) e¨envi t cvwbi wgUvi n‡”Q cvvwb
cwigvcK hš¿ hvnv Øviv cvwb †Kvb cvB‡ci wfZi cÖev‡ni mgq gvcv
nq| wgDwbwmwcj¨vwU KZ…©K cÖ‡Z¨K evwo‡Z cvwbi wgUvi ¯’vcb Kiv nq|
(3) e„wói cvwbi †Wª‡bR (wb¯‹vkb) c×wZ t evwoi Qv` Ges DVv‡bi Av‡k
cv‡k RvqMvq e„wói cvwb wb¯‹vkb e¨e¯’v ivLv Acwinvh©|
(4) evwoi Qv‡` cvwbi U¨vs‡K e¨envit
(K) cvwb U¨vsK t AvevwmK evwoi gvwUi bx‡P wbwg©Z cvwb †PŠev”Pv (wiRv©fvi)
†_‡K gUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ 3/4ÕÕ e¨v‡mi wR. AvB cvB‡ci mvnv‡h¨ Qv‡`i
U¨vs‡K cvwb D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq |
Avevi Qv‡`i U¨vs‡K 1/2ÕÕ e¨v‡mi wR. AvB cvwb mieivn cvBc evwoi
ev_iæg, Uq‡jU I ivbœvN‡i cvwb mieivn Kiv nq|
wet`ªt cvB‡ci R‡q›U wjKMÖæd nIqv Avek¨K| cÖ‡qvR‡b cvB‡ci e¨vm
cwieZ©b Kiv nq|
(L) cvwb U¨vs‡Ki cÖKvi‡f` t
(1) wR. AvB U¨vsK|
(2) Avi.wm.wm. U¨vsK|
(3) †d‡iv-wm‡g›U U¨vsK|
(4) dvBevi Mø¨vm U¨vsK|

92. 179 180
(M) cvwbi U¨vsK e¨env‡i mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKv t U¨vs‡Ki Zjv gqjv Ges
gqjv cvwbi nvZ †_‡K iÿvi Rb¨ Qv` †_‡K wKQy Dc‡i U¨vsK ¯’vcb
Ki‡Z nq| gv‡S gv‡S U¨vs‡Ki wfZi gqjv cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z nq|
(N) evwo wbg©v‡Y- cvwb mieivn Ges m¨vwbUvwi mvwf©m mg~n mvaviYZ wbgœiƒct
(1) cvwbi mvwf©m cvBc jvBbt hvnv wgUvi mn †gBb cvwbi mieivn
jvBb Ges 1 Bw e¨v‡mi wR.AvB. cvBc Øviv mshy³ _v‡K|
(2) gvwUi bx‡P cvwbi wiRvfv©i U¨vsK (†PŠev”Pv) wbgv©Y|
(3) cvwbi (IqvUvi) cv‡¤úi ¯’vc‡bi e¨e¯’v|
(4) Avi .wm. wm. Ifvi†nW A_ev wR. AvB U¨vsK wbgv©Y|
(5) ev_iæg, wK‡Pbiæg, evMvb BZ¨vw`i cvBc jvBb wbgv©Y|
(6) gqjv cvwbi wb¯‹vkb gyL wbg©vY|
(7) m¨vwbUvix cvBc wbgv©Y|
(8) †mcwUK U¨vsK|
(9) †mvK wcU|
(10) g¨vb‡nvj mn B݇cKkb wcU wbgv©Y|
(11) ev_iæg wdwUs|
(12) mvi‡dm †Wªªb, BZ¨vw`|
(O) gqjv cvwb wb¯‹vkb cvBc t evwo‡Z gqjv cvwb wb¯‹vk‡bi cvBcmg~n
wbgœiƒc t
(1) m‡qj cvBc t †h cvBc Øviv gqjv wb¯‹vwkZ nq|
(2) I‡qó IqvUvi cvBc (gqjv cvwbi cvBc) t †h cvBc Øviv ev_iæg
Ges ivbœvN‡ii gqjv cvwb wb¯‹vwkZ nq|
(3) †iBb IqvUvi cvBc (e„wó cvwbi cvBc) t †h cvBc Øviv evwoi Qv`
Ges DVv‡bi cvwb wb®‹vwkZ nq|
wet `ªt Dc‡iv³ cvBc mgyn mv`viYZ 4″ e¨v‡mi Kvô Avqib A_ev
wcwfwm cvBc n‡q _v‡K |
(P) wcU wbg©vYt wewfbœ Zjvi Uq‡j‡Ui cvBc mgyn †`qv‡ji wfZi w`‡q
wKsev †`qv‡ji Mv‡q Szwj‡q gvwU‡Z bvwg‡q cÖvq (2©2©2©) mvB‡Ri wcU
wbg©vY K‡i Dnv‡Z mshy³ Kiv nq |
(Q) †mcwUK U¨vsK t wewfbœ Zjvi Uq‡j‡Ui gqjv Ges gqjvi cvwb wbwg©Z
wcU †_‡K Avi. wm.wm. cvB‡ci myqv‡iR (Swerage) jvB‡bi gvwUi bx‡P
†mcwUK U¨vsK I †mvK wc‡U Rgv nq



Fig. Typical bathroom plan

93. 181 182
†mcwUK U¨vsK mvaviYZ `yBwU wKsev wZbwU †P¤^vi Øviv wbwgZ nq| 1g
†P¤^v‡ii †f›UcvBc ev evqy wbMg©b cvBc ms‡hvM Ki‡Z nq hv‡Z gqjvi
M¨vm †f›UcvBc †hv‡M evwni n‡q hvq |
†mvK wcU (Soak Pit)t †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki †kl †P¤^v‡ii ms‡M cvBc
ms‡hvM K‡i ‡mvKwc‡U hy³ Kiv nq| †mvKwcU mvaviYZ gqjv, †Lvqv,
Svgv B‡Ui UzK‡iv w`‡q fivU _v‡K|
†mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki mZK©xKiY wb‡`k©Kv t
ev_ iæ‡gi mvevb cvwb †hb †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki cÖ‡ek bv K‡i Ges
ev_iæ‡gi mvevb cvwb c„_K K‡i b`gv©i †Wª‡b †Q‡o †`Iqv DwPZ|
†Uwej (11-1) †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki wewfbœ mvB‡Ri QK ev bgybv t
e¨envi Kvixi msL¨v ˆ`N¨ (L) cÖ¯’ (B) MfxiZv (D)
10 Rb e¨enviKvixi Rb¨ (6Õ-04) (2Õ-04) (3Õ-6ÕÕ)
30 Rb e¨enviKvixi Rb¨ (9Õ-0ÕÕ) (2Õ-0ÕÕ) (4Õ-6ÕÕ)
100 Rb e¨enviKvixi Rb¨ (11Õ-0ÕÕ) (6Õ-0ÕÕ) (5Õ-10ÕÕ)
200 Rb e¨enviKvixi Rb¨ 22Õ-0ÕÕ) (6Õ-0ÕÕ) (7Õ-2ÕÕ)

[11-5] M¨vm mieivn, †Uwj‡dvb, Gw›Ubv, Kw¤úDUvi BZ¨vw` e¨envi t
(K) M¨vm mieiv‡ni e¨e¯’v t
AvevwmK fe‡b ev evwo‡Z M¨vm e¨env‡i mvaviYZ 1/2″, 3/4″, Ges
1″ e¨v‡mi Gg.Gm. cvBc m¤úbœ mieivn jvBb hvnv M¨vm evbv©‡ii
mshyw³‡Z cÖ‡qvRb nq Ges hvnv (Iqvb I‡q) ócKK© I k³ wcZj Øviv
ˆZix |
(L) M¨vm e¨env‡i mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKvt
M¨vm †Kv¤úvbxi wbav©wiZ wVKv`vi Øviv M¨v‡mi KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|
M¨v‡mi cvBc gvwUi bx‡P e¨env‡ii c~‡e© cvB‡ci Pvwiw`‡K Kv‡jv †Uc
jvwM‡q Ges weUywg‡bi cÖ‡jc w`‡q Iqvwis Kiv Avek¨K |
(M) †Uwj†dv‡bi e¨envi t eZ©gv‡b AvaywbK hy‡M Rxeb hvÎvi †hvMv‡hv‡Mi
cÖ‡qvR‡b †Uwj‡dv‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv AZ¨vek¨K| †mB Rb¨ evwo wbgv©‡Yi
ci ciB †Uwj‡dvb Avek¨K|
(N) Gw›Ubv I wWm Gw›Ubv e¨envi t
evwo wbg©v‡Yi mgq cÖwZ d¬v‡U †Uwjwfk‡bi mv‡_ Qv‡`i Gw›Ubv I wWm-
Gw›Ubvi mshy³ Kivi e¨e¯’v †i‡L cvBc jvBb ¯’vcb Kiv nq|
(O) evwo‡Z Kw¤úDUvi e¨envi t
Avgv‡`i †`‡k Kw¤úDUvi e¨envi w`b w`b evo‡Q| †mB Rb¨ evwoi
covi N‡i Kw¤úDUvi ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ evowZ c‡q›U ivLv DwPZ|


















Fig. Plan of a combined bath and watercloset

94. 183 184

95. 185 186

96. 187 188

97. 189 190
Øv`k Aa¨vq
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri gvb wbqš¿Y
(†KvqvwjwU K‡›Uªvj)

Av‡jvPbv I mswÿß m~PxcÎ








[12-1] evwj I wm‡g›U gkjvi (gU©vi) Kv‡Ri wgkªY c×wZi QK t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY wgkªY mvgMÖx wgkªY AbycvZ
(K) wm‡g›U I evwji (gkjvi) KvRt
(1) dvD‡Ûkb Mv_uywbi Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 6)
(2) 10" †`qvj Mv_uywbi Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 6)
(3) 5" †`qvj Mv_yuwbi Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 4)
(4) c‡qw›Us †`qv‡ji Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 4)
(5) †`qv‡j †MøR Uvwj jvMv‡bvi Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 3)
(6) †d¬v‡i Uvwj jvMv‡bvi Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 2)
(7) b`©gv Mv_uywbi Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 6)
(8) †mcwUK U¨vsK †`qv‡ji Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 6)
(9) †mvKwcU Mv_uywbi Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 6)
(10) wmivwgK Rvwj R‡q‡›Ui Kv‡R wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 3)
[12-2] evwj I wm‡g›U cøv÷v‡ii wgkªY c×wZi QK t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY cøv÷v‡ii
wgkªY mvgMÖx
wgkªY
AbycvZ
(1) mKj BU Mv_uywb †`qv‡ji Kv‡R
(1/2" cyiæ cøv÷vi)
wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 6)
(2) Avi.wm.wm. Kjvg, weg, wmwjs, wmuwo, mvb‡mW
Kvwbk, †iwjs, WªcIqvj, jyfvi, BZ¨vw` Kv‡R
(1/4" cyiæ cøv÷vi)
wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 4)
(3) wcøš’ †`qv‡ji Kv‡R (1/2" cyiæ cøv÷vi) wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 4)
(4) b`©gvi (†Wªb) Kv‡R 1/2" cyiæ cøv÷vi wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 3)
(5) mvb‡mW, Kvwb©k, wWªc-‡Kvm© (cøv÷vi) wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 2)
(6) ‡mcwUK U¨vsK (3/4" cyiæ cøv÷vi) wm‡g›Ut evwj (1 : 3)
[12-3] †gvRvBK Ges RjQv‡`i wgkªY c×wZi QK t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY wgkªY mvgMÖx wgkªY AbycvZ
(1) †MÖ-†gvRvBK (0.5 Bw cyiæ) wm‡g›Ut gv‡e©j (1 : 1)
(2) RjQv` (4 Bw cyiæ) Kv‡R PzbtmyiKxt†Lvqv (2:2:7)
(3)
[12-4] KbwµU wgkªY c×wZi QK (bgybv) t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY wgkªY mvgMÖx wgkªY AbycvZ
(1) gvm-KbwµU (dvD‡Ûk‡bi Zjvq) wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 3 : 6)
(2) W¨¤ú-cÖæd †Kvm© (D.P.C) wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 1.5 : 3)
(3) evwoi MÖvDÛ †d¬vi (KbwµU) wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 3 : 6)
(4) 1" †_‡K 1.5" cyiæ (†c‡U›U †÷vb) wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 2 : 4)
(5) 1" cyiæ †gvRvBK †em (Zjv) wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 2 : 4)
(6) (K) Avi.wm.wm. (KbwµU)
[2600 wc.Gm.AvB (psi)]
wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 2 : 4)
(L) Avi.wm.wm. (KbwµU)
[2900 wc.Gm.AvB (psi)]
wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 1.5 : 3)
(wgkªb I wKDwis c×wZ‡Z Kv‡Ri gvb wbqš¿Y)
[12-1] evwj I wm‡g›U gkjvi (gU©vi) wgkªY c×wZi QK (bgybv)|
[12-2] evwj I wm‡g›U cøv÷v‡ii wgkªY c×wZi QK (bgybv)|
[12-3] †gvRvBK Ges RjQv‡`i wgkªY c×wZi QK (bgybv)|
[12-4] KbwµU wgkªY c×wZi QK (bgybv)|
[12-5] Kv‡Ri wKDwis Kivi mgqm~wP|
[12-6] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri †m›Uvwis ev mvUvwis †Lvjvi mgqm~wP|

98. 191 192
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY wgkªY mvgMÖx wgkªY AbycvZ
(7) `iRv-Rvbvjv †d«g †`qv‡j
AvUKv‡bvi gkjv
wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 2 : 4)
(8) MÖx‡ji †d«g AvUKv‡bv gkjv wm‡g›U t evwj t †Lvqv (1 : 2 : 4)
(9) m¨vwbUvix cvBc KbwµU wm‡g›U t evwj t ‡Lvqv (1 : 3 : 6)
(10) †Wªb-wc‡Ui KbwµU †em (Zjv) wm‡g›U t evwj t †Lvqv (1 : 3 : 6)
(11) †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki KbwµU wm‡g›U t evwj t †Lvqv (1 : 2 : 4)
(12) †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki Qv` wm‡g›U t evwj t †Lvqv (1 : 2 : 4)

[12-5] Kv‡Ri wKDwis Kivi mgm~wP t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY wKDwis ïiæ
Kivi mgq
hZw`b wKDwis
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(1) gvm KswµU Kv‡R (1:3:6)
(dvD‡Ûkb)
20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(2) B‡Ui Muv_ywb KvR (mKj) 20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(3) Wv¤ú-cÖæd †Kvm© wm‡g›U KbwµU
Kv‡R (1:2:4)
20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b h©šÍ
(4) wjb‡Uj,mvb‡mW Kv‡R 20 N›Uv ci 28 w`b ch©šÍ
(5) Qv` XvjvB‡qi Kv‡R 20 N›Uv ci 28 w`b ch©šÍ
(6) †d¬vi XvjvB wm‡g›U KbwµU K‡R
(1:3:6)
20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(7) 1 Bw †c‡U›U †÷vb wm‡g›U KbwµU
(1:2:4)
15 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(8) mKj cøvóvi Kv‡R 20 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(9) †gvRvBK ‡d¬vi Kv‡R 12 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(10) †gvRvBK ¯‹vwUs Kv‡R 12 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(11) wbU-wm‡g‡›Ui ¯‹vwUs Kv‡R 12 N›Uv ci 7 w`b ch©šÍ
(12) RjQv‡`i Kv‡R 24 N›Uv ci 16 w`b ch©šÍ
wet`ªt wKDwis A_© t m`¨ mgvß wm‡g›U wgwkªZ wbg©vY Kv‡R wKQy mgq AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci
cvwb‡Z wfwR‡q ivLv‡K wKDwis ejv nq|
12-6] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri †m›Uvwis ev mvUvwis †Lvjvi mgqm~wP t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY †m›Uvwis (mvUvwis) †Lvjvi mgq
(1) Kjvg I we‡gi cvk¦©w`K 3 w`b ci
(2) we‡gi Zjv 21 w`b ci
(3) Qv‡`i ¯ø¨v‡ei Zjv 21 w`b ci

99. 193 194
·qv`k Aa¨vq
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv














[13-1] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbvi QK (bgybv) t


(K)







(L)



















[13-2] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv (avivevwnKfv‡e) t
(K) mvBU †W‡fjc‡g›U KvRmg~n|
(L) evwoi dvD‡Ûkb KvRmg~n|
(M) evwoi mycvi-óªvKPvi KvRmg~n|
(N) Ae‡k‡l evwoi wdwbwks KvRmg~n|

Av‡jvP¨ I msw¶ß m~PxcÎ

[13-1] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbvi QK (bgybv)|
[13-2] wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv (avivevwnKfv‡e)|
[13-3] mvBU †W‡fjvc‡g›U KvRmg~n|
[13-4] evwoi dvD‡Ûkb KvRmg~n|
[13-5] evwoi mycvi-ֻvKPvi KvRmg~n|
[13-6] evwoi wdwbwks KvRmg~n|

evwo/Rwgi gvwjK
A_© Znwej

wbg©vY - cwiKíbv Kv‡Ri ev¯Íevqb


wbg©vY Dc‡`óv wb‡qvM

K›Uªv±i wb‡qvM
mvBU cwi`k©b
I Rwic Kiv

Kv‡Ri
cwiKíbv
mvBU †gvwejvB‡Rkb
KvR
mvB‡U wbg©vb mgvMÖx
mieivn cwiKíbv
wbg©vY KvwiMi
wb‡qvM cwiKíbv
cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ
mieivn cwiKíbv
mveK›Uªv±i
wb‡qvM
cwiKíbv
mvB‡U Rvb-gvj i¶v
Ges wbivcËv e¨e¯’v
mvB‡U cwi‡ek i¶v
Ges wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v
mvBU cÖkvmb
I wnmvei¶Y e¨e¯’v

Kv‡Ri Gwó‡gU
I e¨q wbiƒcb Kiv
ivRDK/wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb,
BZ¨vw` Kv‡Ri e¨e¯’v
Kiv
cø¨vwbs I BwÄwbqvwis
Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv

Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri
cwiKíbv
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv

(1) evwoi/Rwgi gvwjK

(2) wbg©vY Dc‡`óv wb‡qvM

100. 195 196
(O) Ab¨vb¨ KvRmg~n|













[13-3] mvBU †W‡fjc‡g›U KvRmg~n t
(K) mvBU cwi`k©b I Rwic Kiv|
(L) mvBU cwi¯‹v‡ii KvR mg~n|
(M) gvwU fivU I gvwU KvUvi KvR (hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq)|
(N) mvBU †gvwejvB‡Rkb KvR mg~n|
(O) mvB‡U †j-AvDU ¯’vc‡bi KvR (†j-AvDU WªBs Abyhvqx)
(P) wbg©vY Dc‡`óv / mvBU BwÄwbqvi KZ©„K †j-AvDU cixÿv (†PK) Ki‡Z
n‡e Ges cieZ©x Kv‡Ri cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡Z n‡e|
(Q) ivRDK / wgDwbwmc¨vwjwU / cwi‡ek Awa`ßi KZ…©K Aby‡gv`b †bqv|
Dc‡iv³ KvRmg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY mvaviYZ wbb¥iƒc t
(K) mvBU cwi`k©b I Rwic Kiv t cÖ_‡g wbg©vY mvBU cwi`k©b Ges Rwic
Ki‡Z n‡e| AZtci mvBU cø¨vb WªBs Abyhvqx cøU ˆZix Kiv|
(L) mvBU cwi¯‹v‡ii KvR mgyn t mvBU †Svc-Svc, MvQ-cvjv, Mv‡Qi g~j,
cy‡iv‡bv evwo BZ¨vw` _vK‡j †mB ¸wj †K‡U, †f‡½, mwi‡q mvBU cwi¯‹vi
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(M) mvB‡U gvwU fivU Ges gvwU KvUvi KvR (hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq) t
cÖ‡qvR‡b bxPz RvqMv gvwU fivU Ges DPzu RvqMv gvwU †K‡U mvBU ‡j‡fj
K‡i cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
(N) mvBU †gvwejvB‡Rkb KvR mg~n:


Rwgi/ evwoi gvwjK
wbg©vY Dc‡`óv









Dc‡iv³ KvRmg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY mvaviYZ wb¤œiƒc t
(1) mvB‡U Awdm, †MvWvDb BZ¨vw` ˆZixi KvR t
K) mvBU Awdm ˆZix Kiv |
L) †jevi †mW ˆZix Kiv |
M) gvjvgv‡ji †MvWvDb ˆZwi Kiv |
N) †óvi iæg ˆZix Kiv |
O) MvW© iæg ˆZix Kiv |
P) ev_iæg, Uq‡jU BZ¨vw` ˆZwi Kiv |
Q) cvwbi †PŠev”Pv ˆZix Kiv |
R) mieievn gvjvgvj óK (ivLvi) RvqMv wbe©vPb Kiv |
S) KvV, `iRvÑRvbvjv i‡Wi LuvPv BZ¨vw` ˆZixi RvqMv wbe©vPb |
T) mvBU evDÛvix Iqvj / jvBb ˆZix Kiv, BZ¨vw`|
mvBU †gvwejvB‡Rkb KvRmg~n

mvB‡U gvjvgvj
mieiv‡ni KvR
wbg©vY KvwiMi/
K›Uªv±i wb‡qvM Kiv
mvBU Awdm †MvWvDb
BZ¨vw` ˆZixi KvR
†gwkb/ hš¿cvwZ
BZ¨vw` mieivn Kiv

cvwb, we`y¨r BZ¨vw`
mieiv‡ni KvR

BZ¨vw`
mvBU †W‡fjc‡g›U
KvR mg~n
evwoi dvD‡Ûkb
KvR mg~n
evwoi mycvi-óªvKPvi
KvR mg~n
evwoi wdwbwks
KvR mg~n
Ab¨vb¨
KvRmg~n
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv

evwo / Rwgi gvwjK

mvBU / cÖ‡R± BwÄwbqvi

K›Uªv±i wb‡qvM

101. 197 198
(2) mvB‡U gvjvgvj mieiv‡ni KvR t
mvB‡U wbg©vY KvR Abyhvqx wm‡g›U, evjy, BU, euvk, KvV, wm.AvB wmU, iW,
wR AvB Zvi, BZ¨vw` mieivn Ki‡Z n‡e|
(3) mvB‡U wbg©vY KvwiMi/ K›Uªv±i wb‡qvM t
K) cÖ‡R± BwÄwbqvi P) mv‡f©qvi
L) mvBU BwÄwbqvi Q) wnmve iÿK Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvix
M) mvBU mycvi fvBRvi R) †Kwkqvi
N) †óvi wKcvi S) mvBU cÖkvmb Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvix
O) B‡jw±ªwkqvb T) Awdm wcqb
U) wbivcIv MvW© V) mvBU e¨e¯’vcK, BZ¨vw` wb‡qvM|
(4) mvB‡U cvwb, we`y¨r BZ¨vw` mieiv‡ni e¨e¯’v t
K) mvB‡U we`y¨r Awdm KZ…©K we`y¨r mieivn Ki‡Z n‡e |
L) Iqvkv Awdm KZ…©K cvwb mieivn Ki‡Z n‡e |
M) wU. Gb. wU Awdm KZ…©K †Uwj‡dvb e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e |
N) M¨vm Awdm KZ…©K M¨vm mieivn Ki‡Z n‡e, BZ¨vw` |
(5) mvB‡U †gwkb/ hš¿cvwZ mieiv‡ni e¨e¯’v t
K) mvBU Awdm miÄvg | L) mv‡f© Kv‡Ri †gwkbmg~n |
M) gvjvgvj en‡bi †gwkb mg~n | N) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri †gwkbmg~n |

Dc‡iv³ †gwkb / hš¿cvwZi mswÿß weeiY wbgœiƒc t
K) mvBU Awdm miÄvgmg~n †hgb t †Uwj‡dvb, †KjKz‡jUi, BwÄwbqv‡ii
mvBU AW©vi eB, LvZv †cwÝj BZ¨vw` |
L) mv‡f© Kv‡Ri †gwkbmg~n t †j‡fj †gwkb, w_D‡WvjvBU †gwkb| wgRvwis
†Uc, eo †Uc (wdZv ‡Uc), †QvU‡Uc (wdZv ‡Uc)BZ¨vw` |
M) gvjvgvj en‡bi †gwkb mg~n t UªvK, wcK-Avc, f¨vb BZ¨vw`|
N) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri †gwkb / hš¿cvwZmg~n, †hgb t (1) †QvU †gwkb I (2) eo
†gwkb / hš¿cvwZ|
1) †QvU †gwkbmg~n, †hgb t
(1) cv_i Ges evjy gvcvi †div /e· cÖ‡qvRb|
(2) KbwµU †U‡ói Rb¨ wmwjÛvi cÖ‡qvRb|
(3) KbwµU ¯øvg †Uó cixÿvi Rb¨ ¯øvg †Uó †KvY (†PvOv) cÖ‡qvRb|
(4) cvwb gvcvi Rb¨ gM (5 wjUvi AvqZ‡b) cÖ‡qvRb|
(5) 2- Ak¦ kw³ (2-nm© cvIqvi) m¤úbœ cvwbi cv¤ú †gwkb cÖ‡qvRb|
2) eo †gwkb (hš¿cvwZ), †hgb t
(1) KbwµU XvjvB wgKPvi †gwkb|
(2) fvB‡eªUi †gwkb (nvZj K‡¤ú±i)|
(3) gvjvgvj DVv-bvgvi †gwkb|
(4) †R‡b‡iUi, cv¤ú †gwkb, gvwU `yi gyR (K‡¤úKkb) †gwkb BZ¨vw`|
(O) mvB‡U, †j-AvDU ¯’vc‡bi KvR (†j-AvDU WªBs Abyhvqx) t
(1) mvBU †j-AvDU (†cÖvcvwU© jvBb)|
(2) cvBj †j-AvDU (hw` cvBj wWRvBb nq)|
(3) dvD‡Ûkb (Kjvg dzwUs), †j-AvDU|
wet`ªt mvB‡U mv‡f© AvDU KvRmg~n, †hgb t †eÂgvK© ¯’vcb, wcøš’ †j‡fj,
†d¬vi †j‡fj, gvwUi †j‡fj,dvD‡Ûkb Zjv †j‡fj, eb¨vi cvwb m‡e©v”P Ges
me©wbb¥ †j‡fj, bigvj eb¨vi cvwbi †j‡fj, wbKU¯’ iv¯Ívi m‡e©v”P †j‡fj,
wbKU¯’ evwoi wcøš’ †j‡fj BZ¨vw` we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e Ges ¯’vcb Ki‡Z
n‡e| GQvov evwo w`K †hgb DËi-`wÿY, c~e©-cwðg we‡ePbv Avb‡Z n‡e Ges
†mB Abyhvqx †j-AvDU ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
(P) wbg©vY Dc‡`óv / mvBU BwÄwbqvi KZ©„K †j-AvDU †PK t wbg©vY BwÄwbqvi
KZ©„K evwoi †j-AvDU (WªBs Abyhvqx) †PK Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cieZ©x
Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡Z n‡e|
(Q) ivRDK / wgDwbwmc¨vwjwU KZ©„K Aby‡gv`b †bIqv t
1) ivRDK A_ev wgDwbwmc¨vwjwU KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb
Abyhvqx KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e|
2) cwi‡ek Awa`ßi †_‡K Aby‡gv`b wb‡Z n‡e|

102. 199 200
3) mvBU iÿYv‡eÿY I wbivcËvi Rb¨ †g‡U&ªvcwjUb cywjk KZ©„c‡ÿi
mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ivL‡Z n‡e|
4) cieZ©x‡Z Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb, Gwó‡gU, Kv‡Ri weeiY
(†¯úwmwd‡Kkb), m‡qj †Uó BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e
Ges Kv‡Ri mycviwfkb Ki‡Z n‡e|

[13-4] evwoi dvD‡Ûkb KvRmg~n t
(dvD‡Ûkb Zjv †_‡K wcøš’ †j‡fj ch©šÍ KvRmg~n)
(K) cvBj wbg©vY KvR (hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq)|
(L) cvBj †jvW-‡Uó (hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq)|
(M) dvD‡Ûk‡b gvwU KvUv I gvwU fiv‡Ui KvR|
(N) dvD‡Ûk‡b gvwU KvUvi Kv‡Ri mgq mvBU wKbviv iÿvi e¨e¯’v|
(O) gvwUi Zjvi cvwb wb®‹vkb Ges wbqš¿‡bi e¨e¯’v|
(P) cvBj K¨vc /Kjvg dvD‡Ûkb BZ¨vw`i KvR mg~n|
(Q) f~-Mf©¯’ (gvwUi bx‡P) KbwµU cvwbi U¨vsK, †mcwUK U¨vsK, myqv‡iR
jvBb, BZ¨vw` ˆZixi KvRmg~n|
(R) mvB‡Ui wKbviv ev cvk¦©eZx© gvwU iÿv †`qvj, Kjvg, †MÖWweg,
BZ¨vw` MÖvDÛ‡d¬v‡ii KbwµU KvR mg~n|

[13-5] evwoi mycvi óªvKPvi KvRmg~n t
(awi, evwoi cuvPZjv feb)
(K) cÖ_‡g t cÖ_gZjv (MÖvDÛ †d¬vi) Qv` ch©šÍ KvRmg~n t
Kjvg, weg, wj‡›Uj, wmwo, Qv`, BZ¨vw` Avi.wm.wm. (KbwµU)
KvRmg~n MÖvDÛ‡d¬vi Qv` ch©šÍ Ki‡Z n‡e|
(L) AZtci, wØZxq Zjv Qv` ch©šÍ t Abyiƒc Avi.wm.wm KvR mg~n|
(M) Z„Zxq Zjv Qv` ch©šÍ t Abyiƒc Avi.wm.wm (KbwµU) KvRmg~n|
(N) PZz_© Zjv Qv` ch©šÍ t Abyiƒc Avi.wm.wm (KbwµU) KvRmg~n|

103. 201 202
(O) cÂg (†kl) Zjv Qv` ch©šÍ t Abyiƒc Avi.wm.wm KvRmg~n|
(P) cÂg Zjv Qv‡`i Dc‡ii KvRmg~n t Qv‡`i wP‡j‡KvVv †civ‡dU,
Kvwb©k, cvwbi U¨vsK BZ¨vw` Avi.wm.wm (KbwµU) KvRmg~n|
[13-6] evwoi wdwbwks KvRmg~n t
(K) wmwfj KbóªvKkb wdwbwks KvR mg~n|
(L) m¨vwbUvix wdwbwks KvRmg~n|
(M) B‡jw±ªK¨vj wdwbwks KvRmg~n|
(N) Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wdwbwks KvRmg~n|
PZz`©k Aa¨vq
evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Ges mycvi-óªvKPvi
Kv‡Ri weeiY (avivevwnKfv‡e)








[14-1] evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡Ri mswÿß weeiY:
(1) cvBj wbg©vY KvR t mvaviYZ cvB‡ji cÖKvi‡f` wbgœiƒc t
(1) ewjø cvBj, (2) wcÖ-Kvó KbwµU Ges (3) Kvó-Bb-wmUz cvBj,
BZ¨vw`|
wet`ªt Avgv‡`i †`‡k †ekxi fvM †ÿ‡Î evwo wbg©v‡Y big gvwU wKsev fivU
gvwU BZ¨vw` `ye©j dvD‡Ûkb wWRvB‡b Kvó-Bb-wmUz (KbwµU) cvBj
e¨envi n‡q _v‡K |

(2) GLv‡b, Kvó-Bb-wmUz cvB‡ji mswÿß weeiY wbb¥iƒc t
Bnv mvaviYZ evwoi dvD‡Ûk‡bi bx‡P e¨eüZ nq| GLv‡b, Kvó-Bb-
wmUz cvB‡ji wbg©vY Kv‡Ri c×wZ wb‡gœ †`qv n‡jv t
1) cvBj wbg©vY KvR mg~n| 2) cvBj wbg©vY mvgMÖx|
3) cvBj wbg©vY hš¿cvwZ / †gwkb| 4) cvBj wbg©vY KvwiMi|
5) cvBj wbg©vY e¨q (ev‡RU)| 6) Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri weeiY|
Av‡jvP¨ I msw¶ß m~PxcÎ

[14-1] evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡Ri msw¶ß weeiY|
[14-2] evwoi mycvi-óªvKPvi Kv‡Ri msw¶ß weeiY|
[14-3] evwoi wdwbwks Kv‡Ri msw¶ß weeiY|

104. 203 204
(3) cvBj wbg©vY mvgMÖxi mswÿß weeiY wb¤œiƒc t
1) Kvó-Bb-wmUz cvB‡j KbwµU e¨envi t
cvBj KbwµU XvjvB‡qi (Kvw÷s) AbycvZ mvaviYZ wbb¥iƒc t
(wm‡g›U t wm‡jU evjy t fv½v cv_i) = (1 t 1.5 t 3)
2) KbwµU cvB‡ji ÷xj iW e¨envi t
(K) Kvó-Bb-wmUz- cvBj (KbwµU cvBj) hvnv dvD‡Ûkb bx‡P e¨eüZ
nq Ges Dnv‡Z ÷xj i‡Wi kw³ (fy) = 40 †MÖW/60 †MÖW wW-
†dvigW iW e¨envi n‡q _v‡K (Aek¨B wWRvBb Abymv‡i)|
(L) Kjv‡gi †eBR I Kjvg, weg, ¯ø¨ve- G mvaviYZ ÷xj i‡Wi kw³
(fy) = 40 †MÖW A_ev 60 †MÖW wW-†dvigW iW e¨envi nq|
(3) KbwµU cvB‡j cv_i fv½v (†÷vb wPcm&) e¨envi t KbwµU cvB‡j
mvaviYZ 3/4″ WvDb mvB‡Ri/wm‡½jm&/fv½v cv_i (†÷vb wPcm&)
BZ¨vw` e¨envi n‡q _v‡K|
(4) cvBj K¨v‡c mvU©vi e¨envi t
(K) cvBj K¨v‡c-G mvaviYZ óxj mvU©vi e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|
(L) Kjvg Ges wi‡UBbs Iqv‡j mvaviYZ óxj mvU©vi e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|
(5) KbwµU cvB‡j evwj e¨envi t KbwµU cvB‡j 100% wm‡jU evjy e¨envi
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(6) KbwµU cvB‡j e¨eüZ wbg©vY mvgMÖxmg~n t wm‡½jm&/ cv_i fv½v (‡÷vb
wPcm&)/ cøvw÷-mvBRvim/wW-‡dvigW iW/MvW© ûBj eøK/wR.AvB Zvi/
DbœZgv‡bi wm‡g›U BZ¨vw` wbg©vY mvgMÖx wnmv‡e e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K|
(7) Avevi, KbwµU cvBj wbg©vY c×wZ‡K cÖavbZ wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq|
†hgb t
1 †evi-†nvj †evwis Kiv (wQ`ª Kiv), 2) †jvnvi LuvPv ˆZix K‡i †evi-
†nv‡j cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv,
3) Ae‡k‡l, †evi-‡nvj †jvnvi LuvPvmn KbwµU XvjvB Ki‡Z n‡e|
(8) KbwµU cvBj wbg©v‡Y cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ / †gwkbmg~n t
(K) †Uªwg-cvBc, (Tremie-Pipe), (L) wiM-†gwkb,
(M) DBsm †gwkb (Wings Machine), (N) †nvR cvBc, BZ¨vw`|
(9) cvBj wbg©v‡Y KvwiMi / †UKwbwkqvb wb‡qvM t `ÿ wiM g¨vbmn cvBj
wbg©vY wUg (`j) wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
(10) cvBj wbg©vY e¨q t cvBj wbg©vY e¨q / LiP gRy` ivL‡Z n‡e|
(11) cvBj wbg©v‡Y Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri weeiY t
K) cvBj wbg©v‡Y hš¿cvwZ / †gwkb (mvwf©m)- Gi †Kvb mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡j
Dnvi mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|
L) cvBj ‡jvW †U÷ (Pile Load Test) t cvBj †jvW †U‡÷i gva¨‡g P~ovšÍ
fvienb ÿgZv I gvwUi ms‡KvPb gvcv hvq|
(12) cvBj wWRvBb Abyhvqx Dnvi †jvW kw³ cixÿv‡K cvBj †jvW †U÷ ejv
nq|

KbwµU cvBj wbg©v‡Y mZK©Zv
cvBj-†nvj wQ`ª Kivi mgq gv‡S gv‡S gvwUi ¸Yv¸‡Yi Kvi‡Y †Kwes ev MZ©
ˆZix nq| ZvB, cvBj †nvj wQ`ª Kivi mgq jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †Kwes ev MZ© †hb
†ekx bv nq hw` nq Z‡e Dnvi mgm¨v mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|

evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡Ri mswÿß weeiY (cvBj e¨ZxZ) t
(1) dvD‡Ûkb Zjvi BU weQv‡bvi I Avi.wm.wm. (KbwµU) XvjvB‡qi KvRt
dvD‡Ûkb Zjvi †j‡fj †PK Kivi ci B‡Ui mwjs ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e|
G‡Z `ÿ ivRwgw¯¿ wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| AZtci, †hme As‡k BU
weQv‡bvi KvR †kl n‡q‡Q, †m me As‡k wWRvBb Abyhvqx †jvnv weQv‡bv
I Kbwµ‡Ui XvjvB‡qi KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e|
(2) evwoi wmuwo N‡ii Zjvq f~-Mf©¯’ cvwbi U¨vsK wbg©vY t wmuwo N‡ii Zjvq
f~-Mf©¯’ cvwbi U¨vsK cwiev‡ii emev‡mi msL¨v Abyhvqx wWRvBb K‡i,
dvD‡Ûkb Kv‡Ri mv‡_ ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e|
(3) UvBweg ev †MÖWweg XvjvB t UvBweg ev ‡MªWweg n‡”Q gvwUi bx‡Pi weg,
hvnv cÖ‡Z¨K Kjv‡gi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i wWRvBb Abyhvqx XvjvB Ki‡Z
nq|
(4) dvD‡Ûkb wcøš’ Iqvj (B‡Ui Muv_ywb) t
†MÖWwe‡gi Dci †_‡K wcøš’ ch©šÍ B‡Ui Muv_ywbi Iqvj -†K wcøš’ Iqvj
ejv nq|

105. 205 206
(5) wcøš’ Iqv‡j wW.wc.wm. (D.P.C) e¨envi t mvaviYZ evwoi wcøš’ Iqv‡ji
Pvwiw`‡Ki cvwb ev Av`ª©Zv cÖwZ‡ivaK wn‡m‡e 1 Bw A_ev 12
1 Bw cyiæ
wW.wc.wm (wm‡g›U t evjy t †Lvqv) = (1 t 2 t 4) A_ev (1 t 1.5 t 3)
Abycv‡Z 5% cvWjy wm‡g›U mn XvjvB Ki‡Z nq|
(6) dvD‡Ûkb Muv_ywbi †`qv‡j AvbwR (cøv÷vi) e¨env‡ii KvR t
evwoi dvD‡Ûkb wcøš’ Iqv‡ji evwn‡ii Ges wfZ‡ii †`qv‡j e„wói cvwb
†Kvb µ‡g †hb XyK‡Z bv cv‡i| †mB Rb¨ evwni I wfZ‡ii †`qv‡j (1
t 6) Abycv‡Z (wm‡g›U t evwj) wgwkªZ gkjv B‡Ui R‡q›U- G jvwM‡q
w`‡Z nq| Bnv‡K B‡Ui Muv_ywbi AvbwR (cøv÷vi) ejv nq|
(7) dvD‡Ûkb Muv_ywbi wfZi Ges evwn‡i wfwU evjy fiv‡Ui KvR t
evwoi dvD‡Ûk‡bi Zjv †_‡K wcøš’ ch©šÍ me KvR †kl nIqvi ci
Iqv‡ji wfZ‡i Ges evwn‡i wfwU evwj ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i †d‡j mxwgZ cvwb
wgwk‡q `yigyR Ki‡Z n‡e|


GLv‡b, †`qv‡ji wfZi Ges evwn‡i evjyi cwie‡Z© gvwU †`qv DwPZ bq, Zv‡Z
gvwU msKzwPZ n‡q †d¬vi †d‡U hv‡e|
(8) †g‡S (†d¬v‡i) DBu-‡cvKv `gb t
evwoi wbg©v‡Yi mgq dvD‡Ûkb gvwU‡Z welv³ K¨vwgK¨vjm& wgwk‡q
DBu‡qi nvZ †_‡K †g‡S (†d¬vi) iÿv cvIqv hvq|
wet`ªt DBu-‡cvKv evwo‡Z e¨eüZ Kv‡Vi `iRv-Rvbvjv, AvmevecÎ, †g‡S‡Z
(†d¬v‡i) weQv‡bv Kv‡c©U BZ¨vw` bó K‡i †`q|
(9) †g‡S (†d¬vi) ˆZixi c×wZ t
mZK©Zv t evwoi Dci¯’ mKj †d¬v‡ii KvR †kl K‡i bxPZjvi (1g
Zjv) †d¬v‡ii wdwbwks KvR ïiæ Kiv DwPZ| Bnv‡Z bxPZjv †d¬v‡ii
Kv‡Ri ¸YMZ gvb wbqš¿Y Kiv mnR nq|
†g‡S (†d¬vi) wdwbwks KvR mg~n mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
1) †g‡S (‡d¬v‡i) gvwU fiv‡Ui KvR t †g‡S (†d¬v‡i) wfwU evwj ¯Í‡i ¯’‡i
fivU K‡i mxwgZ cvwb wgwk‡q `yigyR K‡i `„p fv‡e Kg‡cKkb
(ms‡KvPb) Ki‡Z n‡e|
2) Kg‡c‡±W evwji Dci B‡Ui mwjs Ges cwjw_b weQv‡bv t
RgvU evauv Kg‡c‡±W evwji ¯Í‡ii Dci †gvUv cwjw_b wewQ‡q Dnvi Dci
B‡Ui mwjs w`‡q mvRv‡Z n‡e|
3) 3Ó cyiæ †g‡Si (‡d¬v‡ii) XvjvB (1 t 3 t 6 Abycv‡Z) t
B‡Ui wmwjs mvRv‡bvi ci 3Ó cyiæ (1 t 3 t 6) (wm‡g›U t evwj t †Lvqv)
wgwkªZ K‡i KbwµU XvjvB Ki‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt KuvPv XvjvB‡qi c„ô †`‡k cvÆv wcUv‡bvi Agm„Y `vM †i‡L w`‡j, wdwbwks
Kv‡R myweav nq|
4) †g‡S (†d¬v‡i) XvjvB‡qi ci wKDwis KvR t XvjvB‡qi 18 N›Uv ci cvwb
†e‡au †PŠev”Pv ˆZix K‡i 1 mßvn wKDwis Kiv DwPZ|
wet`ªt dvD‡Ûkb †d¬v‡ii gvwU `ye©j n‡j A‡bK mgq †g‡S‡Z (†d¬v‡i) KbwµU
XvjvB‡qi cwie‡Z© Avi.wm.wm (KbwµU) XvjvB Kiv DwPZ|

(10) †c‡U›U †÷vb †d¬vi (‡g‡S) ˆZixi c×wZ t
mvaviYZ 2
1" cyiæ Ges 8
3" mvB‡Ri †Lvqv (1t2t4)= (wm‡g›Utevwjt†Lvqv)
Abycv‡Zi KbwµU wgwk‡q †c‡U›U †÷vb †d¬vi ‰Zix Kiv nq| AZtci 7w`b
a‡i (wKDwis) cvwb‡Z wfwR‡q k³ Ki‡Z n‡e| AZtci †iW AK&ªvBW †d¬vi
wKsev †gvRvBK †d¬vi wKsev UvBjm †d¬vi c×wZ‡Z †d¬vi wdwbk Ki‡Z n‡e|
(1) †g‡Si (†d¬v‡ii) Iqvj KvwUs c×wZ t Ae‡k‡l, †d¬v‡ii Pvwiw`‡K
Iqv‡ji bxP 6Ó A_ev 9Ó PIov eW©vi w`‡q Iqvj KvwUs Ki‡Z n‡e|
(2) f~-Mf©¯’ (†d¬v‡ii bx‡P) cvwbi U¨v¼ t f~-Mf©¯’ (†d¬v‡ii bx‡P) wmuwo N‡ii
bx‡P Avi.wm.wm KbwµU cvwbi U¨vs‡Ki †`qv‡ji Dfq cv‡k¦© cvWjy A_ev
cvwb wbeviK K¤úvDÛ wm‡g‡›Ui mv‡_ wgwkªZ K‡i cÖ‡jc w`‡Z n‡e|

†d¬vi mZKx©KiY t

106. 207 208
[14-2] evwoi mycvi-óªvKPvi Kv‡Ri mswÿß weeiY t
dvD‡Ûkb Ges mycvi-óªvKPvi (†d«g-óªvKPvi) As‡ki KbwµU XvjvB Kv‡Ri
c×wZ mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
[g¨vU/†idU dvD‡Ûkb, Kjvg/d¬zwUs dvD‡Ûkb, UvBweg / †MÖWweg, KbwµU
†d¬vi, f~-Zj cvwbi U¨vsK, wUwcK¨vj †d¬vi ¯ø¨ve, †d¬vi weg Ges Kjvg, wj‡›Uj,
KbwµU wmwo, mvb‡mW, Kvwb©k, Avi.wm.wm (KbwµU) BZ¨vw` Ask] t
wet`ªt mg¯Í KbwµU XvjvB‡qi KvR Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb, wWRvBb, Gw÷‡g›U Ges
Kv‡Ri weeiY (wmwWDj) BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx Ki‡Z n‡e|
(K) XvjvB Kv‡Ri wmwWDj t
(1) iW KvUv, iW weQv‡bv BZ¨vw`|
(2) †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis (óxj A_ev Kv‡Vi) ˆZix Kiv Ges wWRvBb Abyhvqx
¯’vcb Kiv|
(3) XvjvB Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z nIqv|
(4) XvjvB‡qi c~‡e© cÖ‡qvRbxq wbg©vY mvgMÖx msMÖn Kiv Ges ¸YMZ gvb
Abyhvqx gRy` ivLv|
(L) XvjvB‡qi c~‡e© †h mKj welq †PK Kiv cª‡qvRb Zv wbgœiƒc t
(1) mg¯Í KvR Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb, Gwó‡gU, Kv‡Ri weeiY
(wmwWDj) BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx †PK Kiv|
(2) mvB‡U WªBs Abyhvqx iW weQv‡bv Ges †PK Kiv|
(3) †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis, cÖwcs (KvV, euvk, cvBc) BZ¨vw` mv‡cvU© †PK Kiv|
(4) KbwµU XvjvB Kv‡Ri wbg©vY mvgMÖx, †hgb t cv_i, †Lvqv wm‡g›U, evwj,
wój iW BZ¨vw` gvb Abyhvqx gRy` Av‡Q wKbv †PK Kiv|
(5) XvjvB‡qi c~‡e© KvwiMi/wg¯¿x/Kóªv±i/mv‡f©qvi Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq †jevi-
†njcv‡ii Dcw¯’wZ †PK Ki‡Z n‡e|
(6) XvjvB‡qi Rb¨ hš¿cvwZ/†gwkb, †hgb wgKPvi †gwkb, fvB‡eªUi †gwkb,
cvwbi cv¤ú BZ¨vw` mvwf©m mwVK Av‡Q wKbv †PK Kiv|
(7) cvwb, we`y¨r mieivn BZ¨vw` †PK Kiv|
(8) wbg©vY hš¿cvwZ, †hgb t wgKPvi †gwkb, fvB‡eªUi †gwkb, mv‡f© †gwkb,
cwigv‡ci †Uc, wdZv BZ¨vw` hš¿cvwZ mvB‡U gRy` Av‡Q wKbv †PK Kiv|
(9) mvB‡U cÖ‡qvRbxq wbg©vY e¨q (ev‡RU) gRy` ivLv|
(10) Dc‡iv³ welqmg~n Aby‡gvw`Z evwoi cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb, Gw÷‡gU,
Kv‡Ri weeiY BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx mwVK n‡j XvjvB‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b
†`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
(11) KbwµU XvjvB‡q mZK©Zv t
(K) XvjvB‡qi mgq †gwkb bó n‡q hvIqv, we`y¨r, cvwb mieivn bv _vKv,
cÖ‡qvRbxq gvjvgvj mvB‡U gRy` bv _vKv BZ¨vw` mgm¨v m„wó n‡Z cv‡i,
ZvB D‡jøwLZ mgm¨vi m„wó n‡j, AbwZwej‡¤^ Dnvi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z
_vK‡Z n‡e|
(L) †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis, cÖwds-Gi KvV, euvk, óxj cvBc BZ¨vw` mv‡cvU©
mZK©Zvi mv‡_ XvjvB‡qi c~‡e© †PK Ki‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt KbwµU XvjvB Kivi w`b AvenvIqv ﮋ ev fvj Av‡Q wKbv Zv jÿ¨
ivL‡Z n‡e|
(12) XvjvB‡qi ci wKDwis Kiv t XvjvB †kl nIqvi 24 N›Uvi ci D³ ¯’vb
mg~n (mgq Abyhvqx) cvwb‡Z wfwR‡q wKDwis Ki‡Z n‡e|
(13) †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis (KvV, euvk, óxj cvBc) †Lvjvi mgq t
µwgK bs XvjvB‡qi weeiY cvk¦© Z³v Zjvi Z³v
(1) ¯ø¨ve 2 w`b ci 21 w`b ci
(2) wjb‡Uj 3 w`b ci 12 w`b ci
(3) weg 3 w`b ci 21 w`b ci
(4) Kjvg 3 w`b ci (cÖ‡qvRb bq)
(14) XvjvB‡qi mgq mZK©Zv t mvaviYZ XvjvB‡qi wgwkªZ wbg©vY mgvMÖxi
AbycvZ (wm‡g›Ut †Lvqvt evwj) = (1:2:4) A_ev (1t1.5t3) A_ev
wWRvBb Abyhvqx wba©vwiZ nq| GLv‡b, XvjvB‡qi mgq mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e
†hb, wm‡g›U, evwj, †Lvqv Ges cvwb wgkv‡bvi AbycvZ wgKPvi †gwk‡b
mwVKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv nq| Bnv‡Z XvjvB‡qi ¸YMZ gvb wbqš¿‡b ivLv
hvq| cÖ‡qvR‡b Kbwµ‡Ui ¯ø¨vg Ges wmwjÛvi †U÷ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
wet`ªt XvjvB‡qi mgq Bnvi ¸YMZ gvb cixÿvi cÖ‡qvR‡b wmwjÛvi †U÷,
wKsev ¯ø¨vg †U÷, (IqvUvi wm‡g›U AbycvZ †U÷) BZ¨vw` Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i|

107. 209 210

108. 211 212
[14-3] evwoi wdwbwks Kv‡Ri mswÿß weeiY t
evwoi wdwbwks KvR mg~n mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(1) evwoi †`qvj Ges Kbwµ‡U cøv÷v‡ii KvR|
(2) `iRv-Rvbvjvi KvV/ MÖx‡ji KvR|
(3) is ev †cBw›Us-Gi KvR|
(4) evwoi †gvRvBK/ UvBjm BZ¨vw`i KvR|
(5) m¨vwbUvix KvRmg~n|
(6) B‡jKwUªK¨vj KvRmg~n Ges
(7) evwoi Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wdwbwks KvRmg~n|
wet`ªt Dc‡iv³ evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Ges mycvi ÷ªvKPv‡ii KvRmg~n Aby‡gvw`Z
cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb, Kv‡Ri weeiY (wmwWDj) BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx Ki‡Z
n‡e|




cÂ`k Aa¨vq
wbwg©Z evwoi ms¯‹vi, iÿYv‡eÿY I
cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v












[15-1] wbwg©Z evwoi iÿYv‡eÿY c×wZ t
wbwg©Z evwoi iÿYv‡eÿY c×wZ mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(K) evrmwiK †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v|
(L) Pvi eQi AšÍi †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v|
(M) we‡kl (‡¯úkvj) †givgZ iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v|
ÔDc‡iv³ welqmg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY wbgœiƒc t
(K) evrmwiK †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v t
evwoi bigvj †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY KvR mg~n mvaviYZ cÖwZ eQi
m¤úbœ Kiv nq| GQvov evwoi †nvqvBU Iqvk, Kvjvi Iqvk Ges
bigvj †givgZ KvR mg~n eQ‡i GKevi m¤úbœ Kiv nq|
(L) Pvi eQi AšÍi †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v t
evrmwiK †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY cvkvcvwk cÖwZ Pvi eQi we‡kl
†givg‡Zi KvR †hgb t
Av‡jvP¨ I msw¶ß m~PxcÎ

[15-1] wbwg©Z evwoi i¶Yv‡e¶Y c×wZ|
[15-2] m¨vwbUvix B‡jw±ªK¨vj, M¨vm Kv‡Ri †givgZ I i¶Yv‡e¶Y|
[15-3] evwoi †Wgc (mu¨vZ m¨uvZ Ae¯’v) Ae¯’vi msw¶ß weeiY|
[15-4] evwo‡Z †Wgc m„wói KviY Ges cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v|
[15-5] evwo‡Z DuB-‡cvKv `gb|
[15-6] e„wói cvwbi wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v|
[15-7] Ae‡k‡l, evwoi cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v|

109. 213 214
evwoi †`qv‡ji †nvqvBU Iqvk, Kvjvi Iqvk, `iRv-Rvbvjv is Kiv,
†`qv‡ji cøv÷vi dvUj †`Lv w`‡j Zvwj †`Iqv (Patch) BZ¨vw` m¤úbœ
Kiv nq|
(M) we‡kl (†¯úkvj) †givgZ iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v t
we‡kl †givg‡Zi KvR mg~n, †hgb t evwoi AeKvVv‡gvi wi‡bv‡fkb,
wiwbDq¨vj, cwieZ©b, cwiea©b Ges wewfbœ As‡ki dvUj BZ¨vw`
eySv‡bv nq|
mvaviYZ †g‡S, †d¬vi, Qv` Ges Ab¨vb¨ óªvKPvivj Kv‡Ri
†givgZ‡K wi‡bv‡fkb KvR ejv nq|

[15-2] m¨vwbUvix, B‡jw±ªK¨vj I M¨vm Kv‡Ri †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY t
(K) m¨vwbUvix mvwf©m Kv‡Ri †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v t
evwoi m¨vwbUvix KvRmg~n, †hgb t ev_iyg, U‡q‡j‡Ui cvBc Ges
cvB‡ci R‡q›U, cvwbi U¨vsK, myqv‡iR jvBb BZ¨vw` mvwf©m KvR mg~n
cÖ‡qvR‡b me©ÿY Ges mvgwqKfv‡e †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿ‡bi Rb¨ me©`v
mZK© `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e| evwoi cvBc jvBb Ges cvBc R‡q›U †hb
wj‡KR cÖæd (cvwb wb©Mgb wb‡ivaK) e¨e¯’v _v‡K †mw`‡K m`v `„wó ivL‡Z
n‡e|
(L) B‡jw±ªK¨vj mvwf©m Kv‡Ri †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY c×wZ t
evwoi B‡jw±ªK¨vj mvwf©m KvRmg~n, †hgb t †gBb-jvBb, mve-jvBb,
†gBb‡evW©, mve‡evW©, B‡jw±ªK¨vj cvBc BZ¨vw` Kv‡Ri †givgZ I
iÿYv‡eÿY me©`v mZK© `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e|
(M) evwoi M¨vm Kv‡Ri †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’v t
evwoi M¨v‡mi Pzjv, cvBc Ges cvBc R‡q›U †givgZ I iÿYv‡eÿY
w`‡K m`v-mZK© `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e|


evwoi m¨vwbUvix, B‡jw±ªK¨vj Ges M¨vm BZ¨vw` mvwf©m Kv‡Ri †givg‡Zi
cÖ‡qvRb n‡j `ÿ m¨vwbUvix BwÄwbqvi B‡jw±ªwkqvb, M¨v‡mi KvwiMi Øviv
†givg‡Zi KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|
[15-3] evwoi W¨v¤ú (mu¨vZ m¨uv‡Z) Ae¯’vi mswÿß weeiY t
evwo‡Z W¨v¤ú (m¨uvZ mu¨vZ) n‡j cwi‡ek A¯^v¯’¨Ki Ges emev‡mi wbivcËv
_v‡K bv| myZivs evwoi AeKvVv‡gv me©`v ﮋ I cwiQbœ ivLv AZ¨vek¨K|
evwo‡Z W¨v¤ú n‡j Dnvi cvwb cÖ‡e‡ki c_ †PK Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †mB Abyhvqx
W¨v¤ú-cÖwZ‡ivaK e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
evwo‡Z W¨v¤ú n‡j †h Ask ¸wj ÿwZ nq Zv wbgœiƒc t
(1) Bnv‡Z evwoi Avw½bv / cwi‡ek bó nq|
(2) evwoi †`qv‡ji BU, UvBjm& BZ¨vw` bó nq|
(3) ‡`qv‡ji cøvóv‡i big Ges dvU‡ji m„wó nq|
(4) Bnv‡Z Kv‡Vi Ges óx‡ji `iRv-Rvbvjv, AvmevecÎ ÿwZ mvab nq|
(5) evwoi †jvnvi wRwb‡m gwiPv a‡i Ges ÿq n‡Z _v‡K|
(6) evwoi †`qv‡ji is bó n‡q hvq|
(7) B‡jw±ªK¨vj I m¨vwbUvix wRwbm bó n‡q hvq|
(8) evwoi †g‡Si (†d¬vi) wdwbwks KvR (†hgb t †gvRvBK, †c‡U›U †÷vb
BZ¨vw`) bó n‡q hvq|
(9) DuB †cvKvi Dc`ªe †e‡o hvq, BZ¨vw`|

[15-4] evwo‡Z W¨v¤ú m„wói KviY Ges cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v t
(K) W¨v¤ú m„wói KviY mg~n mvaviYZ wb¤œiƒc t
(1) evwoi cø¨v‡bi (w`K)|
(2) e„wói cvwb|
(3) jeYhy³ BU, evjyi e¨envi|
(4) evwoi Iqv‡ji DcwifvM Db¥y³ ev †Lvjv ivLv n‡j|
(5) AvenvIqv I Rjevqyi Ae¯’v|
(6) evwoi Avw½bvi Pvwiw`‡K cvwb wb®‹vkb Ae¨e¯’v|
(7) m`¨ wbwg©Z evwo ˆZixi Kvi‡Y|
(8) A`ÿ KvwiMi Øviv evwo ˆZix Kiv BZ¨vw` Kvi‡b evwo‡Z †Wgc
(mu¨vZ mu¨v‡Z) m„wó nq|
mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKv t

110. 215 216
(L) evwoi W¨v¤ú (mu¨vZ mu¨v‡Z) cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vmg~n wbgœiƒc t
(1) weUzwgb e¨envi|
(2) gvw÷K Gmcvë e¨envi|
(3) gU©vi / gkjv|
(4) wm‡g›U KbwµU (wW.wc.wm)|
(5) †gUvj wmU Ges B‡Ui e¨envi, BZ¨vw`|

[15-5] evwo‡Z DuB-†cvKv `gb t
evwo wbg©vY mgq dvD‡Ûkb (†d¬vi) gvwU‡Z welv³ K¨vwgK¨vj wgwk‡q
DuB‡cvKvi nvZ †_‡K iÿv cvIqv hvq| DuB‡cvKv evwo‡Z Kv‡Vi AvmevecÎ I
†g‡S‡Z weQvbv Kv‡c©U †K‡U bó K‡i †`q| DuB‡cvKv `gb mvaviYZ `yB cªKv‡i
Kiv hvq| †hgb t
(1) evwo wbg©v‡Yi mgq|
(2) evwo wbg©v‡Yi c‡i|
evwo‡Z DuB‡cvKv `g‡bi Dcvqmg~n mvaviYZ wbgœiƒc t
(1) mvBU/Avw½bv cwi®‹vi ivLv|
(2) Uvi gvDÛ Øviv cÖwZ‡iva Kiv|
(3) dvD‡Ûkb cÖwZ‡ivaK e¨e¯’v|
(4) weZvob e¨e¯’vi mvnv‡h¨|
(5) †nÞv‡K¬vi/†WjwWªb BZ¨vw` welv³ †KwgK¨vjm e¨envi K‡i DuB‡cvKv
`gb Kiv hvq|

[15-6] e„wói cvwbi wb®‹vkb e¨e¯’v t
mvaviYZ evwoi Qv‡` Ges DVv‡bi e„wó cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ b`©gvi cvBc
BZ¨vw` my-e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e Ges e„wói cvwb cvBc Øviv mivmwi iv¯Ívi b`©gv
(†Wªb) mvnv‡h¨ evwoi Avw½bvi evwn‡i †d‡j w`‡Z n‡e|
[15-7] Ae‡k‡l, evwoi cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v t
evwo wbg©v‡Y cwi‡e‡ki ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| †hgb t
(1) evwo wbg©v‡Y ivRDK/wgDwbwmc¨vwjwU KZ©„cÿ Ò†mU-e¨vK-iægÓ †g‡b
evwo ˆZix Kiv DwPZ| evwoi mvg‡b, wcQ‡b I cv‡k¦© RvqMv ivRDK
wbqgvbyhvqx †Q‡o evwo ˆZix Kiv DwPZ| mKj cÖwZ‡ekx wbqg †g‡b evwo
ˆZix Kiv n‡j Av‡jv-evZv‡m DcK…Z n‡eb Ges cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i g‡a¨
ci¯úi m™¢ve evo‡e|
(2) evwo‡Z †hb, wiKkv, Mvwo Av¸b jvM‡j `gKj evwnbxi Mvox,
nvmcvZv‡ji G¤^y‡jÝ XyK‡Z cv‡i †mBw`‡K `„wó †i‡L iv¯Ív ˆZix Ges
evwo wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e|
(3) cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i ms‡M mn‡hvMxZv K‡i iv¯Ív, evwoi evDÛixi Iqvj, iv¯Ívi
cv‡k¦© b`©gv, myqv‡iR, cvwb, M¨vm, we`y¨r, †Uwj‡dvb jvBb BZ¨vw` ˆZix
Kiv DwPZ| cvovi Mv‡e©R (gqjvi ¯‘c) wbqwgZ `~ixKiY e¨e¯’v Kiv,
cvov cvnviv e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ †jvK wb‡qvM Kiv Ges cvov‡Z gmwR`, ¯‹zj
Ges Kei¯’vb BZ¨vw` ¯’vc‡b GK‡Î D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|


wPÎ : evwoi RjQv‡`i Qwe|

111. 217 218
lô`k Aa¨vq
evwo wbg©v‡Y-f~wgK¤ú Ges
wbivcËv e¨e¯’vmn Ab¨vb¨ welq













[16-1] evwo wbg©v‡Y - f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v t
(K) f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡iva Abyhvqx evwoi cø¨vb ˆZix t
evsjv‡`‡ki f~wgK¤ú cÖeY GjvKv t f~wgK¤ú KwgwU (we‡klÁiv) evsjv‡`k‡K
wZbwU f~wgK¤ú A‡j (Seismic Zone) wef³ K‡i‡Qb| Avevi, AvenvIqv
Awa`ßi KZ©„K G‡K PviwU †Rv‡b fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb t
(1) me©vwaK ÿwZi GjvKv (Major Damage Zone).
(2) g„` ÿwZi GjvKv (Moderate Damage Zone).
(3) mvgvb¨ ÿwZi GjvKv (Minor Damage Zone).
(4) †Kvb ÿwZ bq GjvKv (Negligible Damage Zone).
†Uwej (16-1) evsjv‡`‡ki f~wgK¤ú cÖeY GjvKvi mswÿß weeiY t
µwgK bs GjvKvi weeiY f~wgK¤ú AÂj
(1) f~wgK‡¤ú mve©vwaK ÿwZKi GjvKv
(Major Damage Zone)
t e„nËi w`bvRcyi, VvKziMuvI,
Rvgvjcyi, wK‡kviMÄ, Uv½vBj
Ges wm‡jU|
(2) g„`y ÿwZi GjvKv
(Moderate Damage Zone)
t e„nËi iscyi, cvebv, XvKv
wPUvMvs cvnvox-AÂj|
(3) mvgvb¨ ÿwZi GjvKv
(Minor Damage zone)
t e„nËi ivRkvnx, Kzwóqv,
dwi`cyi, wPUvMvs, ev›`ieb,
Kzwgjøv|
(4) †Kvb ÿwZ bq Ggb GjvKv
(Negligible Damage Zone)
t e„nËi h‡kvi, Lyjbv, ewikvj,
cUzqvLvjx Ges †fvjv|

(L) evsjv‡`‡ki †h D‡jøL¨ f~wgK¤ú msNwUZ nq, Zvi bgybvi QK t
µwgK bs ZvwiL (mgq) AÂj (GjvKv) (gvÎv/wiLUvi †¯‹j)
(1) 21†k AvMó, 1988 Bs XvKv 5.6
(2) 13B Ryb, 1964 Bs PÆMÖvg 5.8
(3) 19†k Ryb, 1963 Bs ivRkvnx 5.7
(4) 10B †deªæqvix, 1964 Bs Kzwóqv 5.6
wet`ªt GQvov evsjv‡`‡ki AvenvIqv `߇ii †iKW© Abyhvqx 1988 mv‡j 3wU
g„`y Ges 30wU mvgvb¨ gvÎvq f~wgK¤ú nq|

(M) f~wgK‡¤ú mZK©xKiY wb‡`©wkKv t
evsjv‡`‡ki †UwKUwbK g¨vc ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e w`bvRcyi m¨vWj,
wm‡jU Uªvd, dwi`cyi Uªvd Ggbfv‡e mwbœ‡ewkZ †h Avmvg ej‡q 8.6 gvÎvq
f~wgK¤ú n‡j Zv evsjv‡`‡ki †Kv_vI 7 gvÎvq D‡aŸ© f~wgK¤ú m„wó n‡Z cv‡i|
G‡Z cyi‡bv XvKvi RxY© evwo N‡ii I Rvb-gv‡ji e¨vcK ÿwZ n‡e|
(N) f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vq evwo wbg©vY c×wZ t
(1) fywgi k³ gvwUi ¯Íi †_‡K evwoi dvD‡Ûkb Zz‡j Avb‡Z n‡e| big gvwU
¯Íi mn‡RB msKzwPZ n‡q e¨vcK ÿwZi KviY n‡Z cv‡i|
[16-1] evwo wbg©v‡Y - f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v|
[16-2] evwo wbg©v‡Y - AwMœ cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v|
[16-3] wbg©vY Kv‡R wbivcËv e¨e¯’v|
[16-4] wbg©vY Dc‡`óv, KvwiMi Ges K›Uªv±i wb‡qvM c×wZ|
[16-5] evwo wbg©v‡Y- e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ|
[16-6] wbwg©Z evwo‡Z MvQ jvMv‡bvi c×wZ|

Av‡jvP¨ I msw¶ß m~PxcÎ

112. 219 220
(2) fe‡bi KvVv‡gv fvix I kw³kvjx nIqvi †P‡q nvjKv I K¤úb mnbxq
ÿgZvi AwaKvix nIqv DwPZ| bgbxq †d«‡g M„n ˆZix nIqv evÄbxq|
exg I Kjv‡g i‡Wi web¨vm Øviv fe‡bi bgbxqZv evov‡bv hvq|
(3) fe‡bi dvD‡Ûkb †`qvj, Qv`, wj‡›Uj UvBweg Øviv †ewóZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb hv‡Z
K‡i m¤ú~Y© febwU GKwU GKK cvÎ wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|
(4) my-D”P fe‡bi dvD‡Ûk‡bi bx‡P ivevi †cW I ¯cÖxs e¨envi Kiv hvq|
Z‡e mvZ-AvU Zjv ch©šÍ AšÍZt GK †_‡K wZb dzU ch©šÍ evwji Kzkb
†`Iqv DwPZ| GUv K¤úb RwbZ AvNvZ A‡bK Kwg‡q †`q|
(5) gv_vfvix feb wec`¾bK|
(O) f~wgK¤ú n‡j †Kv_vq Avkªq †bIqv DwPZ Zv wbgœiƒc t
f~wgK¤ú n‡j cÖ_‡g †`Š‡o †Lvjv gv‡V ev †Kvb wbivc` ¯’v‡b hvIqv DwPZ| hw`
Zv m¤¢e bv nq, Z‡e evwoi Kwi‡Wvi, c¨v‡mR BZ¨vw` †QvU Qv`hy³ GjvKvi
wb‡P `uvov‡bv fvj| GQvov evwo‡Z e¨eüZ LvU ev ‡Uwe‡ji Zjvq Avkªq †bqv
hvq|
(P) evwo wbg©v‡Y evqy cÖev‡ni cÖfve t
evsjv‡`k lo FZzi †`k| MÖx®§, el©v, kir, †ngšÍ, kxZ I emšÍ| M‡o `yB gvm
K‡i GKwU FZz aiv nq| Z‡e cÖ_g wZbwU FZzi mgš^‡q MÖx®§Kvj I c‡ii
wZbwU kxZKv‡ji ch©v‡q †djv hvq| kx‡Zi evZvm cÖevwnZ nq DËi †_‡K Avi
MÖx‡®§ cªevwnZ nq `wÿY †_‡K| MÖx®§Kv‡j f¨vcmv Mi‡gi mgq `wÿYv evZvmB
GKgvÎ fimv| e¯‘Zt evwoi wbg©v‡Y cø¨vb ˆZixi mgq evqy cÖevn m¤^‡Ü fvj
aviYv _vKv DwPZ|
[16-2] evwo wbg©v‡Y - AwMœ cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v t
cÖ‡Z¨K evwo wKQy wKQy wbg©vY mvgMÖx Øviv Ggbfv‡e ˆZix Kiv nq hv‡Z mn‡R
Ges `ªæZ Av¸b a‡i hvq d‡j evwo wbg©v‡Y AwMœ‡ivaK e¨e¯’vi cÖwZ m`v mZK©
`„wó ivLv DwPZ|
wet`ªt evRv‡i mvaviYZ evwoi Rb¨ e¨eüZ AwMœ‡ivaK DcKiY i‡q‡Q|
cÖ‡qvR‡b evRvi hvPvB K‡i wm×všÍ †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
[16-3] wbg©vY Kv‡R wbivcËv e¨e¯’v t
(K) Bs‡iRx‡Z GKUv cÖev` Av‡Q- (Always Safety First) A_©vr Òme©`v
wbivcËv e¨e¯’v cª_g kZ©Ó A_v©r wbg©vY Kv‡R wbivcËv e¨e¯’vq me©`v
mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e|
(L) wbivcËv e¨e¯’vq- †h mKj wel‡qi Dci mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e Zv wbgœiƒc t
(1) wbg©vY KvwiM‡ii kvixwiK Ae¯’v I `ÿZv hvPvB Kiv|
(2) evwo wbg©v‡Y mZK©g~jK wmM‡bj e¨envi Kiv|
(3) wbg©vY mvgMªx mieiv‡ni wbqš¿Y I wbivcËv e¨e¯’v Kiv|
(4) hš¿cvwZ/†gwkb, gUihvb, BZ¨vw` wbqš¿b I wbivcËv e¨e¯’vi
msiÿY Kiv nq|
(5) dvD‡Ûkb gvwU KvUv Ges gvwU fivU Kv‡R wbivcËv e¨e¯’v Kiv|
(6) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri †m›Uvwis/mvUvwis (dg IqvK©) BZ¨vw` Kv‡Ri
wbivcËv I wbqš¿b e¨e¯’v Kiv|
(7) mvBU cÖ‡e‡ki iv¯Ív wbivcËv I wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v Kiv; BZ¨vw`|

[16-4] wbg©vY Dc‡`óv, KvwiMi Ges K›Uªv±i wb‡qvM t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY Dc‡`óv / cÖ‡KŠkjx
(1) evwoi cø¨vb ˆZixi Kv‡R
cÖ‡qvRb
t AvwK©‡U± / cø¨vbvi|
(2) óªvKPvivj wWRvBb ˆZixi Kv‡R
cÖ‡qvRb
t AwfÁ óªvKPvivj BwÄwbqvi / wWRvBb
BwÄwbqvi|
(3) B‡jw±ªK¨vj wWRvBi / cø¨vb
ˆZixi Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb
t `ÿ B‡jw±ªK¨vj
BwÄwbqvi/B‡jw±ªwkqvb|
(4) cvwb mieiv‡n I m¨vwbUvix Kv‡R
cÖ‡qvRb
t m¨vwbUvix BwÄwbqvi/cøvw¤^s BwÄwbqvi

(5) evwoi Gw÷‡gU ˆZixi Kv‡R
cÖ‡qvRb
t Gw÷‡gUi/wW‡cøvgv BwÄwbqvi
wet`ªt evwoi AvwK©‡UKPvivj, óªvKPvivj, B‡jw±ªK¨vj, m¨vwbUvix, Kv‡Ri bKkv
(cø¨vb) GK‡Î Aa¨vqb K‡i Gw÷‡gUi Kv‡Ri gvj-gkjvi weeiY I
ZvwjKv cÖYqb, Kv‡Ri cwigvY wbiƒcY Ges m¤¢ve¨ Li‡Pi wnmve cÖ¯‘Z
K‡i _v‡Kb|

113. 221 222
e¨vL¨v t myZivs, AwfÁ AvwK©‡U±, óªvKPvivj ev wWRvBb BwÄwbqvi, B‡jw±ªK¨vj
I m¨vwbUvix BwÄwbqvi Ges Gw÷‡gU‡ii mgš^‡q evwo ˆZixi cwiKíbv
I ev¯Ívevqb Kiv DwPZ|
evwo wbg©v‡Y -‡h Kv‡R †h wg¯¿x/ KvwiMi cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv wbgœiƒc t
µwgK bs Kv‡Ri weeiY wg¯¿x / †njcvi
(1) gvwU KvUvi Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb t gvwU KvUvi m`©vi I †jevi|
(2) mvB‡U †j-AvDU Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb t mycvi fvBRvi / `ÿ wg¯¿x
(3) (K) Mv_uywbi KvR
(L) XvjvB‡qi KvR
(M) cøv÷v‡ii KvR Ges
(N) RjQv` ˆZixi Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb
t `ÿ ivR wg¯¿x I †njcvi|
(4) XvjvB‡qi †m›Uvwis ¯’vcb, XvjvB‡q
†jvnvi LuvPv ˆZix Kiv BZ¨vw`
t `ÿ iW wg¯¿x I †njcvi|
(5) cvwb mieivn Ges mKj m¨vwbUvix Kv‡R
cÖ‡qvRb
t `ÿ m¨vwbUvix wg¯¿x I †njcvi|
(6) mKj ˆe`y¨wZK Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb t `ÿ B‡jw±ªK¨vj wg¯¿x|
(7) M¨vm ms‡hvRb Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb t jvB‡mÝavix M¨vm K›Uªv±i|
(8) mKj Kv‡Vi Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb t KvVwg¯¿x I QyZvi|
(9) MÖxj, ÷x‡ji `iRv-Rvbvjv, wmuwoi
†iwjs wbg©v‡Y cÖ‡qvRb
t MÖxj wg¯¿x I †njcvi|
(10) †g‡Si (‡d¬vi) †gvRvBK wbg©v‡Y,
ev_iæ‡g Uvwj ¯’vcbvq cÖ‡qvRb
t †gvRvBK wg¯¿x I ‡njcvi|
(11) evwo is KiY, †jvnvi is KiY cwjk
Ki‡Y cÖ‡qvRb
t is wg¯¿x I †njcvi|
(12) evMvb ˆZix KiY, MvQcvjv wbe©vPb
Ki‡Y cÖ‡qvRb
t gvwj I †njcvi|
wet`ªt Dc‡iv³ wg¯¿x‡`i Kv‡Ri wnmve Ges ¸YMZgvb wbqš¿b BZ¨vw` evwoi
gvwjK wbR `vwq‡Z¡ ivLv DwPZ|
A_ev, Dc‡iv³ wg¯¿x‡`i Kv‡Ri Z`viwKi Rb¨ gvwjK KZ©„K ¯^qs wb‡R wKsev
gvwmK †eZ‡b GKRb `ÿ Z`viKKvix (mycvifvBRvi) A_ev mvBU BwÄwbqvi
wb‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
(M) evwo wbg©v‡Y †jevi K›Uªv±i wb‡qvM c×wZ t mKj wg¯¿x‡`i Kv‡Ri
`ÿZv I ¸bMZ gvb Ges DØ„Z Kv‡Ri †iU hvPvB K‡i `ÿ K›Uªv±i
wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
[16-5] evwo wbg©v‡Y- e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ t
e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ mvaviYZ wb¤œiƒc t
(K) evwo wbg©v‡Y - wm.wc.Gg (C.P.M) c×wZ Ges
(L) evwo wbg©v‡Y - evi wmwWDj (evi PvU©) c×wZ|
Dc‡iv³ c×wZ mg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY, wbgœiƒc t
(K) evwo wbg©v‡Y - wm.wc.Gg (C.P.M) c×wZ t
wm.wc.Gg (C.P.M) (wµwUK¨vj cv_ †g‡_vW) t Bnv Ggb GKwU c×wZ hvnvi
mvnv‡h¨ wbg©vY KvRmg~n ch©vqµ‡g mg‡qi mv‡_ av‡c av‡c m¤úbœ K‡i
Ae‡k‡l GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡q mg¯Í KvR †kl Kiv nq| G‡Z wbg©vY mgq, wbg©vY
e¨q Ges Kv‡Ri gvb wbqš¿Y I e¨e¯’vcbv BZ¨vw` mn‡R m¤úbœ Kiv hvq|
wm.wc.Gg (C.P.M) n‡”Q AvaywbK wbg©vY c×wZ|
(L) evwo wbg©v‡Y- evi wmwWDj (evi PvU©) c×wZ t GB c×wZ‡Z wbg©vY
KvRmgyn mg‡qi mv‡_ evi PvU© (†Uwej) ˆZix K‡i av‡c av‡c KvR
m¤úbœ Kiv nq |
wet`ªt wm. wc. Gg. A_ev eviPvU© c×wZ‡Z evwo wbg©vY cwiKíbv I KvR,
e¨e¯’vcbv Ges Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) BZ¨vw` mn‡R Kiv hvq |



(1) Bnv‡Z mn‡R evwoi wbg©vY cwiKíbv ˆZix Kiv hvq|
(2) mvB‡U gvwU cixÿv, evwoi cø¨vb, wWRvBb, Gw÷‡gU, Kv‡Ri weeiY I
ev¯Íevqb Ges mycviwfkb, e¨e¯’vcbv BZ¨vw` QK Abyhvqx mn‡R m¤úbœ
Kiv hvq|
(3) Bnvi mvnv‡h¨ wbg©vY e¨q Kgv‡bv hvq|
(4) Kv‡Ri gvb wbqš¿Y, e¨e¯’vcbv, mycvwfkb BZ¨vw` mn‡R nq|
(5) mn‡R AvwK©‡U±, BwÄwbqvi, K±ªv±i BZ¨vw` wb‡qvM Kiv hvq|
(6) Bnv‡Z Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ I ¸YMZgvb mn‡R aviYv Kiv hvq|
(7) Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ‡Z †Kvb mgm¨v n‡j Dnv mgvavb Kiv hvq|
(8) wbg©vY mvgMÖx, wbg©vY hš¿cvwZ, wbg©vY KvwiMi BZ¨vw` mieivn I wbqš¿Y
mnR nq|
(N) evwo wbg©v‡Y - wm.wc.Gg (C.P.M) / evi wmwWDj (Bar Schedule)
c×wZi DcKvwiZv wbgœiƒc t

114. 223 224
(9) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri e¨q Ges Gw÷‡gU mn‡R Kiv hvq|
(10) K‡qKwU evwoi wbg©vY KvR GK‡Î Kiv hvq|
(11) evwo wbg©v‡Y jvf ev ÿwZi cwigvY wba©viY mn‡R aviYv nq|
(12) Bnv‡Z Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Ges †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v mn‡R Kiv hvq|
(13) wbg©vY Kv‡Ri e¨q ev LiP wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq|
(14) Bnvi mvnv‡h¨ wbg©vY cwiKíbv Abyhvqx Kv‡Ri ev¯Íevqb, wbqš¿Y Ges
Z`viwK (mycviwfkb) mn‡R Kiv hvq|

[16-6] wbwg©Z evwo‡Z MvQ jvMv‡bv c×wZ t
evwoi m¤§y‡L AvjsKwiK MvQ Ges wcQ‡b djevb MvQ †ivc‡bi Rb¨ Dchy³
¯’vb| Qv‡` I eviv›`vq U‡e dzjMvQ †ivcb Kiv hvq| evwoi m¤§y‡L bvMwjs Mg,
mvBKvg, ev`vg, cjvk, †mvbvjy, Avi‡Kwiqv BZ¨vw` AvjsKwiK DuPz MvQ jvMv‡bv
hvq| Avevi, nvmbv‡nbv, KuvVvjx Qvcv, RvZxqdzjMvQ myMÜ Pwo‡q evwo‡K
gv‡Zvqviv K‡i iv‡L|



(1) myD”P Dcwifv‡M Qov‡bv MvQ|
(2) myD”P Lvov MvQ|
(3) gvSvix DuPz MvQ|
(4) wbPz|
(5) cwU©‡Kv‡Z Szjv‡bv jZv MvQ|
(6) KvwV MvQ|
(7) mxgvbv ˆZix MvQ|
(8) Zv‡ii Rv‡j †`qvj ˆZixi jZv|
(9) Qvqvi MvQ / A›`i gn‡ji MvQ|
(10) myMwÜ jZv / MvQ, BZ¨vw`|

cwiwkó-1
M„n FY (miKvwi I †emiKvwi) cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni bvg Ges nvDR‡jvb cwjwm

[1-1] evsjv‡`k nvDR wewìs dvBbvÝ K‡c©v‡ikb


M„n wbg©vY FY msµvšÍ wbqgvejx
M„n wbg©vY FY †c‡Z n‡j wK wK wel‡qi cªwZ jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e Ges †Kvb †Kvb
ai‡Yi `wjj I KvMRcÎ `vwLj Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv wb‡gœ eY©bv Kiv nj| cÖ‡qvRb
†ev‡a GBPweGdwm-Gi wewfbœ Kvh©vj‡q Aew¯’Z KvDwÝwjs KvD›Uvi n‡Z FY
wel‡q civgk© MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| K‡c©v‡ikb-Gi FY cÖ`vb I FY cwi‡kva
wbqgvejx Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡bi Zzjbvq wKQyUv wfbœZi weavq FY MÖn‡Yi
c~‡e© mKj MÖnxZv‡K wKw¯Í, my` BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© c~Y©vsM Z_¨ †R‡b wb‡q Av‡e`b
`vwLj Kivi civgk© †`qv n‡”Q|
2.0 F‡Yi cÖKvi t eZ©gvb K‡c©v‡ikb wb‡b¥v³ Qq cÖKv‡ii M„n wbg©vY FY
w`‡q _v‡K t
2.1 mvaviY FY t GKK ev †hŠ_ bv‡g (¯^vgx I ¯¿xi Rb¨) cÖ`Ë FY|
2.2 MÖæc FY t GKvwaK e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb cø‡U d¬vU wfwËK M„n wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨
cÖ`Ë FY|
2.3 d¬vU/G¨vcvU©‡g›U t wbg©vYvaxb d¬¨vU/G¨vcvU©‡g›U †Kbvi Rb¨ cÖ`Ë FY|
2.4 mgwš^Z FY t cyiv‡bv MÖnxZv‡`i c~‡e©i FY m¤ú~Y© mgš^qc~e©K evwoi
Awbwg©Z KvR m¤úbœ Ges wbwg©Z evwoi †givgZ ev ms¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ FY|
2.5 ‡QvU †QvU BDwbU wewkó eûZj feb wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ FY (cÖwZ BDwbU
m‡e©v”P 1000 eM©dzU) Ges
2.6 †mwgcvKv evwoi Rb¨ FY t XvKv I PÆMÖvg gnvbMix e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨
wefvMxq I †Rjv kn‡i FY Kvh©µg Pvjy _vKv mv‡c‡ÿ †mwgcvKv evwo
wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ`Ë FY|
3.0 Kvh©µ‡gi GjvKv t
K‡c©v‡ikb mviv‡`ke¨vcx AvevwmK M„n wbg©vY, cybtwbg©vY I ms¯‹v‡ii
Rb¨ FY cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| eZ©gv‡b XvKv I PÆMÖvg gnvbMix mn mKj
†Rjv m`‡i Ges KwZcq _vbv m`‡i K‡c©v‡ikb FY Kvh©µg Pvjy Av‡Q|
wet`ªt we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ nvDRwewìs dvBbvÝ K‡c©v‡ikb Awd‡m †hvMv‡hvM
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
AvevwmK GjvKvq e¨envi †hvM¨ Mv‡Qi †kªYx t

115. 225 226
[1-2] †Wëv eª¨vK nvDwRs dvBbvÝ K‡c©v‡ikb wjt
(DBH) = M„n FY ms¯’v
DBH FY w`‡”Q t
(1) G¨vcvU©‡g›U µ‡qi Rb¨
(2) wbR M„n wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨
(3) M„n ea©‡bi Rb¨
(4) M„n/d¬¨vU ms¯‹v‡ii Rb¨
(5) nvDwRs cøU µ‡qi Rb¨
(6) †ckvRxwe‡`i Awdm ev †P¤^vi µ‡qi Rb¨|
DBH M„n F‡Yi welqmg~n t
(1) F‡Yi cwigvY t
Avcbvi FY cwi‡kv‡ai mvg‡_©i Dci wfwË K‡i DBH G¨vcvU©‡g›U nq
g~‡j¨i 70% ev M„n wbg©vY e¨‡qi 80% ch©šÍ FY cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|
GKK e¨w³i †ÿ‡Î DBH m‡e©v”P 40,00,000/- (Pwjøk jÿ) UvKv ch©šÍ
FY w`‡q _v‡K|
(2) F‡Yi †gqv` I cwi‡kva t
Avcwb m‡e©v”P 15 eQi †gqv‡` FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e GB
mgqmxgv FY MÖnxZvi AemicÖvwßi eqm A_ev 65 eQi AwZµg Ki‡e
bv| DBH Av‡e`bKvixi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡iB GB mgq wba©viY K‡i
_v‡K| gyjab I my‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ Òmg gv‡mi wKw¯ÍÓ (Equated
Monthly Instalment-EMI) -Gi gva¨‡g Avcwb FY cwi‡kva Ki‡eb|
(3) my‡`i nvi t
eZ©gv‡b 2 jÿ UvKv ch©šÍ 15.25%, 2 jÿ UvKvi Dc‡i 15.25% nv‡i
evwl©K wKw¯Íi Dci my` avh©¨ Kiv nq| Z‡e A_©evRv‡i cwieZ©b mv‡c‡ÿ
GB my‡`i nvi †h †Kvb mgq cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i|
(4) †gqv`c~e© FY cwi‡kva t
DBH F‡Yi Ab¨Zg myweav n‡”Q, B‡”Q Ki‡j Avcwb wba©vwiZ mg‡qi
c~‡e©B FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G‡ÿ‡Î Avcwb ïaygvÎ e‡Kqv g~j
F‡Yi UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡eb| Aewkó e‡Kqv my` cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e
bv|
wewfbœ †gqv‡`i Rb¨ 1 jÿ UvKvi Òmg gvwmK wKw¯ÍÓ
(EMI) Gi GKwU bgybv wb‡¤œ †`qv nj t
†gqv` wKw¯Í wKw¯Í
(2 jÿ UvKv ch©šÍ) 15.25% nv‡i (2jÿ UvKv AwaK) 15.25% nv‡i
15 eQi UvKv= 1,443/- UvKv= 1,478/-
12 eQi UvKv= 1,554/- UvKv= 1,587/-
10 eQi UvKv= 1,677/- UvKv= 1,709/-
07 eQi UvKv= 2,019/- UvKv= 2,049/-
05 eQi UvKv= 2,501/- UvKv= 2,531/-
03 eQi UvKv= 3,665/- UvKv= 3,696/-
(5) FY cÖvwßi †hvM¨Zvt
DBH †Kvb m¤úwËi e܇Ki wecix‡Z FY †`q bv| MÖvn‡Ki FY cwi‡kv‡ai
mvg‡_©i wfwˇZ FY cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
G‡ÿ‡Î we‡ePbv Kiv nqt
gvwmK Avq, eqm, †hvM¨Zv, cwiev‡i wbf©ikxj †jv‡Ki msL¨v, cwiev‡ii
Avq, †gvU m¤ú‡`i cwigvY, e¨emvwqK jvf-ÿwZi wnmve, we`¨gvb
Ab¨vb¨ FY, PvKzixi ¯’vqxZ¡ I avivevwnKZv, mÂq Af¨vm BZ¨vw`|
(6) Av‡e`‡bi wbqgvejx LyeB mnR t
DBH Awd‡m cÖvß Av‡e`b c‡Îi mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMR-cÎ mn Avcwb
Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖv_wgK we‡ePbvi Rb¨ Avq msµvšÍ KvMRvw`
†hgbt PvKzixRxwei †ÿ‡Î PvKzixi wb‡qvMcÎ, eZ©gvb †eZbcÎ BZ¨vw`
Ges e¨emvqx‡`i †ÿ‡Î wZwb eQ‡ii AvqKi-wiUvb©, m¤ú` Ges Av‡qi
weeiY, PvUv©W© GKvD‡›U›U Øviv wbixwÿZ jvf-ÿwZi wnmve BZ¨vw`
Av‡e`b c‡Îi mv‡_ Rgv w`‡Z n‡e| Avcwb DBH F‡Yi Rb¨ †h †Kvb
mgq Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GgbwK d¬¨vU/ nvDwRs cøU †Kbvi wm×všÍ
†bqvi c~‡e©B Avcwb Avgv‡`i KvQ †_‡K FY Aby‡gv`b wb‡Z cv‡ib|

116. 227 228
cwiwkó-2
gvwU cixÿv (m‡qj †U÷) Ges dvD‡Ûkb Kbmvj‡U›U
bs m‡qj †Uó I cvBj‡evwis
cÖwZôv‡bi bvg
Awdm I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv
(1) Avjdv m‡qj GÛ dvD‡Ûkb Awdmt 187, DËi kvnRvnvbcyi, wLjMuvI,
XvKv| †dvbt 9346010
(2) f~-ZvwË¡K cÖ‡KŠkj Awdmt 65, w`jKzkv ev/G, XvKv-1000.
†dvbt 9551690
(3) m‡qj †Uó B›Uvib¨vkbvj Awdmt 722/1, †iv‡Kqv ¯^iYx, wgicyi,
XvKv| †dvbt 8118579
(4) mve m‡qj BwÄwbqvwis GÛ
Kb÷ªvKkb †Kvs wjt
Awdmt 333, Gwjd¨v›U †ivW, (Z…Zxq Zjv),
XvKv, †dvbt 8617506, 9330593
(5) †UK‡bv m‡qj B›Uvib¨vkbvj Awdmt 19 knx` ZvRDwÏb Avn‡g` ¯^iYx,
gMevRvi, XvKv| †dvbt 8312463
(6) w` b¨vkbvj m‡qj BwÄwbqvm© Awdmt 186/G, ZvjZjv, †kIovcvov †ivW|
†dvbt 9115694, 011-831382
(7) w` cvBIwbqvi m‡qj
Bb‡fw÷‡MUi
Awdmt 383, U½x WvBfvk©b †ivW, gMevRvi,
XvKv| †dvbt 9341810, 011847286
(8) wRI‡UK (GEOTECH) Awdmt Gd-17, wWAvBwU †ivW, ga¨evÇv
evRvi, ¸jkvb, XvKv| †dvbt 8822059
(9) †gmvm© Kv‡kg GÛ †Kvs
cvBj †evwis †Kv¤úvbx
Awdmt mvZiv¯Ív †gvo msjMœ Awdm,
†ZRMuvI, XvKv| †dvbt 8112918 (Awdm)
(10) BDwbK †evwis GÛ BwÄwbqvwis
wjt
Awdmt bIqve g¨vbmb, 34, MÖxY †ivW (PZz_©
Zjv), XvKv| †dvbt 8611564, 8615731
(11) g¨vw·g BiKb wj: Awdmt BÛvwóqvj cøvU bs-1/1, †ivWbs-5,
†mKkb-7, wgicyi, XvKv, †dvbt 8095458
(12) Bóvb© †evwis GÛ KbóªvKkb †Kvs Awdmt 23/1, knx`wgbvi †ivW, ga¨
Kj¨vYcyi, XvKv-1207, †dvbt 8011271
(13) g„wËKv cÖhyw³we` Awdmt 65-36, Rûiv gv‡K©U (wØZxq Zjv)
evsjvgUi, XvKv| †dvbt 8615295
cwiwkó-3
AvwK©‡UKPvivj I óªvKPvivj wWRvBb KbmvjwUs dv‡g©i bvg :
bs KbmvjwUs dv‡g©i bvg (XvKv) Awdm I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv
(1) AvwK©‡U± GÛ BwÄwbqvwis wjt Awdmt evmv-51, †ivW-9 G, avbgwÛ, XvKv|
†dvbt 8824610
(2) G‡mv-Kbmvj‡U›U wjt Awdmt cÖwkKv feb (5g Zjv), 1/1M
wgicyi-2, XvKv-1216, †dvbt 9004662-3
(3) evsjv‡`k Kbmvj‡U›U wjt
(we.wm.Gj)
Awdmt evmv # 95 G, †ivW # 4, eøK #
Gd, ebvbx, XvKv-1213.‡dvbt 9890766
(4) ewkiæj nK GÛ G‡mvwm‡qwUm wjt Awdmt 35-we/2, Bw›`iv †ivW, dvg©‡MU,
XvKv| †dvbt 8111431
(5) wewìs wWRvBb †m›Uvi Awdmt 47, mvZgmwR` †ivW, avbgwÛ
Av/G, XvKv| †dvbt 9111821
(6) KbmvjwUs Acmbm& wjt Awdmt evmv # 63, eøK # GBP, †ivW #7
ebvbx, XvKv-1213. †dvbt 9882530
(7) wµ‡qwUf wWRvBb Awdmt evmv # 32, †ivW # 8, †m±i # 3,
DËiv, XvKv-1230, ‡dvbt 8913329
(8) †W‡fjc‡g›U wWRvBb Kbmvj‡U›U
wjt
Awdmt 47, gnvLvjx, XvKv-1212.
†dvbt 9883374, 8822980
(9) wWRvBb G‡mvwm‡qUm wjt Awdmt evmv # 21, †ivW # 12 (bZzb),
avbgwÛ Av/G, XvKv| †dvbt 9114993
(10) ‡`k Dc‡`k wjt Awdmt evmv # 53, †ivW # 12-G, avbgwÛ,
XvKv| †dvbt 8111236
(11) wWRvBb †m›Uvi Awdmt evmv # 57, †ivW # 15G, avbgwÛ
Av/G, XvKv, †dvbt 9123448
(12) wWRvBb MÖæc wjwg‡UW Awdmt 7, e½eÜz GwfwbD, ¸wj¯Ívb, XvKv|
†dvbt 9563396
(13) wWRvDb B‡bv‡fkb MÖæc Awdmt evmv # 18G, †ivW # 44, ¸jkvb-
2, XvKv| †dvbt 8814877
(14) wWRvBb wUg wjwg‡UW Awdmt 5, BwÄwbqvm© †KvU, bqvcëb, XvKv-
1000. †dvbt 9330553
(15) BwÄwbqvwis GÛ cø¨vwbs
Kbmvj‡U›Um& wjwg‡UW
Awdmt 7/4, eøK # G, jvjgvwUqv, XvKv|
†dvbt 8110221, 9113772
(16) nvDwRs GÛ †UK‡bvjwR wjt evmv # 5, †ivW # 126, ¸jkvb, XvKv|
†dvbt 9886839, 8827119

117. 229 230
cwiwkó-4
evsjv‡`‡ki KwZcq wmwfj BwÄwbqvwis eB Ges †jL‡Ki bvgt
bs eB‡qi bvg †jL‡Ki bvg
(1) The Resume of Building
Construction & Management with
CPM (Construction Concept)
Engr. Mohammed Ali Siddiquee
(2) Current News of Civil Engineering
(Bangladesh Affairs)
Engr. Mohammed Ali Siddiquee
(3) wKfv‡e mn‡R evwo wbg©vY Ges mvBU
mycviwfkb Ki‡eb - †R‡b wbb|
BwÄwbqvi †gvnv¤§` Avjx wmwÏKx
(4) evwo ms¯‹vi/iÿYv‡eÿY I cwi‡ek
wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© - †R‡b wbb|
BwÄwbqvi †gvnv¤§` Avjx wmwÏKx
(5) evwo wbg©vY KwVb bq| AvwK©‡U± †gv: kwn`yjøvn
(6) How to Build a nice Home Engr. Md. Ibrahim
(7) ¯^í g~‡j¨ evwo wbg©vY BwÄwbqvi †gvt Beªvwng
(8) my›`i evwoi mnR cÖ‡KŠkj BwÄt K‡b©j †gvt Ave`yj Kvw`i
(9) BgviZ I cwi‡ek Kvgvj cvkv
(10) wbg©vY mvgMÖx Avey gymwjg
(11) Estimating (Gw÷‡gwUs) Aveyj divR Lvb
(12) RCC Design Abul Faraz Khan
(13) Reinforced Concrete Manual &
Building Plan
Khan & Rahman
(14) Engineering Materials Dr. M. A. Aziz
(15) Surveying Aziz & Sahjahan
(16) Water Supply Engineering Dr. M. A. Aziz
(17) Strength of Materials Md. Khaliur Rahman
(18) Theory of Structure Md. Khalilur Rahman
(19) Applied Mechanics Md. Khaliur Rahman
(20) Kb÷ªvKkb 1 Ges 2 †gv: Lwjjyi ingvb
(21) wmwfj BwÄwbqvwis B›UviwfD b‡jR wR. gvIjv eyK nvDR
cwiwkó-5 t evwo wbg©v‡Y - KwZcq †UKwbK¨vj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqmg~n
cwiwkó-[5-1]t cvwb mieivn I wb®‹vkb m¤ú‡K© K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq t
(1) f~-Mf©¯’ cvwbi U¨vsK IqvUvi UvBU Kivi Rb¨ Kbwµ‡Ui nIqv DwPZ|
(2) cvwb mieivn jvB‡bi m‡½ m½wZ †i‡L f~-Mf©¯’ Rjav‡ii (wiR©vfvi)
MfxiZv wba©viY Kiv Avek¨K|
(3) †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki ewng©yLx b‡ji m‡½ Iqvmv-my¨qv‡iR jvBb ms‡hvM
†`Iqv m¤¢e bv n‡j Aek¨B †mvK I‡qj wbg©vY Kiv DwPZ|
(4) f~-Mf©¯’ cvwbi U¨vs‡Ki gyL Ggb DuPz ivLv DwPZ hv‡Z e„wói cvwb ev
eb¨vi cvwb XyK‡Z bv cv‡i|
(5) wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi Kivi myweav‡_© f~-Mf©¯’ Rjvav‡ii Zjvq GKwU
A‡cÿvK…Z bxPz MZ© (mv¤úwcU) ivLv DwPZ|
(6) cvwb mieivn I m¨vwbUvwi jvBb Pvjy Kivi Ges †gvRvBK ev UvBjm&
jvMv‡bvi c~‡e© cvwb fwZ© K‡i jvBb cixÿv Kiv DwPZ|
(7) m¨vwbUvix jvB‡b †f›U cvBc mwVK wWRvBb I gv‡bi U¨vc I Ab¨vb¨
wdwUsm e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|
(8) Am¤ú~Y© KvVv‡gv Kbwµ‡Ui iW iO K‡i gwiPv wb‡ivax Kiv Ges
Kbwµ‡Ui Db¥y³ †Rvov cvwb wb‡ivax Kiv DwPZ|
(9) fe‡bi Qv‡` iW eo MvQ-cvjv _vKv ÿwZKi|
(10) †Wª‡bi gy‡L Ggb AveR©bv †djv DwPZ bq, hv‡Z †Wª‡bi gyL eÜ n‡q
†h‡Z cv‡i|
(11) Uq‡j‡Ui c¨vb ev K‡gv‡W KLbI Ab¨ gqjv, AveR©bv GgbwK mvev‡bi
cvwbI †djv DwPZ bq|
(12) N‡ii †`qvj ev Qv` †Kv_vI wf‡R †M‡j, †fRvi KviY `ªæZ wbY©q K‡i
Zvi cªwZKvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(13) evwoi Avw½bvi cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi h_vh_ e¨e¯’v ivLv DwPZ|
(14) evwoi †`qvj I Qv‡` AvMvQv †`Lv gvÎ wbg©~j Kiv DwPZ|
(15) wbqwgZ fe‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq ms¯‹vi I iÿvYv‡eÿY Kiv DwPZ|

118. 231 232
cwiwkó [5-2] t evwo wbg©v‡Yi †ÿ‡Î ˆe`y¨wZK Kv‡Ri ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqmg~n t
(1) evwoi ˆe`y¨wZK ms‡hvM MÖn‡Yi c~‡e© cÖ_‡gB jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e evwowU wK
D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨eüZ n‡e| evwYwR¨K bv wbR¯^ e¨env‡ii Rb¨|
(2) evwYwR¨Kfv‡e e¨envi nB‡j KqwU wgUvi ms‡hvM wb‡Z n‡e Zvi w`‡K
jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e| KviY MÖvnK †kªYx Aby‡gvw`Z †jv‡Wi Dci wfwË K‡i
we‡ji cwigvY wbf©i K‡i|
(3) evmvwU‡Z w_ª-‡dR ev wms‡Mj †dR wK ai‡bi jvB‡bi cÖ‡qvRb Zvnv
Av‡MB wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡e|
(4) eRª wb‡ivaK (Lightering Arrester)-Gi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q wKbv, †Kvb †Kvb
c‡q‡›U Avw_©s ms‡hvM †`Iqv cÖ‡qvRb Av‡MB wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡e|
(5) mvwf©m Kv‡bK&kb †Kv_v nB‡Z †bIqv n‡e Ges Gg wW we/Gm wW weÕi
ms‡hvM †Kv_vq n‡e Zv Av‡MB wVK K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| Gg wW we/Gm wW
we-Gi Ae¯’v‡bi Dci Iqvwis e¨q wbf©i Ki‡e|
(6) Iqvwis Kivi ci †gjvi w`‡q cÖwZwU c‡q‡›Ui Continuty Test Ges
Zv‡ii Insulation Resistance Test Ki‡Z n‡e|
(7) ‡jv‡Wi Dci wbf©i K‡i mvwK©U †eªKvi Ges Zv‡ii mvBR wba©viY nq|
Ah_v †ewk mvB‡Ri Zvi w`‡q Avw_©K ÿwZ Kivi †Kvb KviY bvB|
(8) Ah_v eo myBP †evW© jvwM‡q LiP evov‡bv wVK bq| †ev‡W© Indicating
light jvMv‡bvi †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb bvB| Bnv‡Z Ah_v mve©ÿwYK we`y¨r LiP
nq|
(9) fv‡jv gv‡bi ˆe`y¨wZK miÄv‡g A‡bK we`y¨r LiP Kg nq|
(10) myBP m‡KUmn ˆe`y¨wZK wdwUsm¸‡jv wkï‡`i bvMv‡ji evB‡i ivLv †kªq|
(11) cvIqvi c‡q›U †Kvb iæ‡g KqwU Ges †Kv_vq jvMv‡e Zvnv Av‡MB wbwðZ
n‡Z n‡e|
cwiwkó [5-3] t evwoi Qv`, weg wbg©vY m¤ú‡K© K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq t
(1) weg, Qv` BZ¨vw` GKev‡i XvjvB Kiv DËg|
(2) A_© euvPv‡bvi bv‡g †KvbI µ‡gB ¯Œ¨vc ev AvÛvi mvBR iW e¨envi Kiv
DwPZ bq|
(3) Qv`, weg, Kjvg BZ¨vw` i‡Wi cÖ‡qvRbxq Kfvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
(4) cøvóv‡ii cyiæZ¡ wbw`©ó gv‡ci †P‡q †ewk nIqv wVK bq| (mvaviYZ
Kbwµ‡Ui Mv‡q 1/4 Bw Ges B‡Ui †`qvj 1/2 BwÂ)|
(5) Qv‡` Kbwmì Iq¨vwis-Gi cvBc †Kvb µ‡gB Zjvi i‡Wi wb‡P emv‡bv
hv‡e bv|
(6) B‡Ui Muv_ywbi fe‡b Uvbv wj‡›Uj e¨envi Kiv fvj|
(7) evwo wbg©vY Kv‡j DuB‡cvKv `g‡bi Rb¨ wbw`©ó gvÎvq I wbq‡g gvwU‡Z I
dvD‡Ûkb Muv_ywbi gkjvi Jla e¨envi Kiv DwPZ|
(8) Kbwµ‡Ui Qv‡` `xN©w`b Db¥y³ bv †i‡L h_vkxNª m¤¢e RjQv` wKsev
Ab¨‡KvbI cvwb wb‡ivaK Avei‡Y †X‡K †`Iqv DwPZ|
(9) RjQv‡` wbb¥gv‡bi †Lvqv, myiwK I Db¥y³ evZv‡mi Muyov n‡q hvIqv Pzb
e¨envi Kiv DwPZ bq|
(10) evwoi Qv‡` h_vh_ Xvj (Slope) I cvwb wb®‹vkb cvBc _vKv `iKvi
hv‡Z Qv‡` e„wói cvwb R‡g bv _vK‡Z cv‡i|

119. 233 234
wbg©vY mvgMÖx I wbg©vY Kv‡Ri ¸YMZgvb wbqš¿Y I mZK©Zv t
(1-0) wm‡g›U t Av`k© Ae¯’vq ¸YMZgvb-Gi wbðqZvi gvbm¤§Z wm‡g›U
e¨envi Kiv DwPZ| KvMR ev P‡Vi e¨v‡M gyL eÜ Ae¯’vq evRv‡i wm‡g›U cvIqv
hvq| cÖwZ e¨v‡M Ò†MÖÓ wm‡g‡›Ui IRb 112 cvDÛ ev 50 †K wR Ges AvqZb
1.25 NbdzU|
wet`ªt LiP euvPv‡Z †h‡q ¸YMZgvb bó Kiv †Kvbfv‡eB wVK bq|
fvj wm‡g›U †Pbvi Dcvq t
(K) wm‡g‡›Ui e¨v‡M †Kvb `jv cvKv‡bv wm‡g›U _vK‡e bv|
(L) `yB Av½y‡j Nl‡j gq`vi gZ gm„Y g‡b n‡e|
(M) cvwbi Dci wQUv‡j Wy‡e hv‡e, fvm‡e bv|
wm‡g›U `xN© w`b a‡i msiÿY Ki‡j ax‡i ax‡i-Gi kw³ K‡g †h‡Z _v‡K|
mg‡qi mv‡_ wm‡g‡›Ui kw³ Kgvi nvi wbb¥iƒc t
†d«k wm‡g›U kw³ kZKiv nvi
3 gvm msiÿ‡Yi ci K‡g 20%
6 gvm msiÿ‡Yi ci K‡g 30%
12 gvm msiÿ‡Yi ci K‡g 40%
24 gvm msiÿ‡Yi ci K‡g 50%
wm‡g›U wgkv‡bvi ci 30-45 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ D³ wg·vi Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Z
nq| GB mg‡qi c‡i H wg·vi wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv wVK bq| GB mgq‡K
wm‡g‡›Ui Bwbwmqvj †mwUs UvBg ejv nq| 8-10 N›Uvi g‡a¨ wm‡g‡›Ui wg·vi
R‡g k³ n‡q hvq Ges GB mgq‡K wm‡g‡›Ui dvBbvj †mwUs UvBg ejv nq|
wet`ªt Kv‡R e¨env‡ii c~‡e© wm‡g‡›Ui j¨ve‡iUix †Uó K‡i †bIqv cÖ‡qvRb|

wm‡g‡›Ui wewfbœ iKg j¨ve‡iUix †U‡ói bvg bx‡P †`Iqv †Mj t
(K) dvBb‡bm †Uó (L) †KwgK¨vj K‡¤úvwRkb †Uó (M) ó¨vÛvW© Kbwmm‡UwÝ ev
†mwUs UvBg †Uó (N) mvDÛ‡bm †Uó (O) †óªs_ †Uó (P) wnU Ad nvB‡Ûªkb
†Uó|
me¸‡jv †Uó Kiv e¨qeûj weavq (M) I (O) †Uó `yBwUi Dci AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
wm‡g›U ¯‘‡ci mZK©Zv t wm‡g›U Av`ª©Zv gy³ Ae¯’vq msiÿY Ki‡Z n‡e|
wm‡g‡›Ui e¯Ív gvwUi Dci ivLv n‡j †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z wm‡g›U gvwUi
ms¯ú‡k© bv Av‡m| gvwUi Dc‡i AvjMvfv‡e wbwg©Z Kv‡Vi cvUvZ‡bi Dci
mvwR‡q ivL‡j wm‡g‡›Ui e¯Ív gvwUi Av`ª©Zv †_‡K gy³ _vK‡Z cv‡i| ¯‘c
Ae¯’vq AbwaK Qq gv‡mi Rb¨ wm‡g›U msiÿY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
(1-1) evjy/evwj t XvjvB, B‡Ui KvR, cøvóvi Ges gU©v‡ii Kv‡R mvaviYZ evwj
e¨envi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| evjy wba©vwiZ AvKv‡ii `vbv`vi n‡e Ges G‡Z a~jv ev
Ab¨ †Kvb m~²Zi Dcv`vb _vK‡e bv|
wbg©vY Kv‡R wZb ai‡bi evjy e¨envi Kiv nq t (1) wPKb evjy/wfwU evjy, (2)
†jvKvj evjy, (3) wm‡jU/†gvUv evjy|
evjy e¨env‡i mZK©Zv t fvj evjy Aek¨B Kv`v, cwj, jeY I ˆRe c`v_© gy³
n‡Z n‡e|
fvj evjy †Pbvi Dcvq t evjy nv‡Zi Zvjy‡Z wb‡q Nlvi ci evjy †d‡j w`‡j hw`
Zvjy‡Z `vM _v‡K Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e evjyi g‡a¨ Kv`v ev cwj Av‡Q|
(1) mvgvb¨ cwigvY evwj wgwkªZ cvwb wRnŸvq jvMv‡j hw` Gi ¯^v` jeYv³
g‡b nq Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e evwji gvb fv‡jv bq|
(2) DbœZgv‡bi evwji `vbv Zx² (Sharp), †KŠwYK (Angles) Ges k³ n‡q
_v‡K| ZvQvov cPv cvZv, ˆRweK c`v_© Ges cwj gy³ n‡q _v‡K|
(1-2) BU e¨env‡i mZK©Zv t wbgœ gv‡bi BU e¨envi Ki‡j Muv_ybxi ¯’vwqZ¡ K‡g
hvq| †jvbv c‡o, Muv_ybxi Kv‡Ri gvb Lvivc nq| wewìs nq `ye©j Ges wm‡g›U
LiP nq †ekx| B‡Ui ¸YMZ gvb wbf©i K‡i gvwUi Dcv`vb, Kv`v ˆZixi c×wZ,
†cvov‡bv c×wZ BZ¨vw` Dci|
cÖ_g †kªYxi BU †Pbvi Dcvqt
(K) B‡Ui AvKvi, AvK„wZ I is mylg n‡e|
(L) my-mgfv‡e †cvov‡bv n‡Z n‡e; Kg ev †ewk †cvov n‡e bv|
(M) GKwU BU‡K Av‡iKwU BU w`‡q AvNvZ Ki‡j †gUvwjK kã n‡e|
(N) Mv‡q ‡Kvb dvUv _vK‡e bv|
(O) `yBwU BU w`‡q ÔwUÕ (T) MVb K‡i wZb †_‡K Pvi dzU Dci †_‡K †d‡j
w`‡j fv½‡e bv|
(P) DbœZgv‡bi BU cvwb‡Z †Wvev‡j m‡e©v”P 15% (wbR IRb)-Gi †ewk cvwb
†kvab Ki‡e bv|

120. 235 236
(Q) GKwU B‡Ui Mv‡q b‡Li mvnv‡h¨ `vM †`qvi †Póv K‡i hw` AvPi KvUvi `vM
B‡Ui Mv‡q †djv hvq Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e ¸YMZgvb Lvivc| hw` †Kvb cÖKvi
`vM bv e‡m Zvn‡j fvj BU e‡j cÖZxqgvb n‡e|
(R) evsjv‡`‡k GKwU cÖ_g †kªYxi B‡Ui AvKvi ("4
3
2
"2
1
4
"2
1
9  )
(240 wgt wjt 105 wgt wjt 70 wgt wjt )
wc‡KU BU †Pbvi Dcvq t (K) 1g †kªYxi B‡Ui †P‡q †ekx †cvov, (L)
G‡jv‡g‡jv AvK„wZ, (M) 1g †kªYxi B‡Ui †P‡q †ekx k³ Ges †Lvqv ˆZixi
Dc‡hvMx|
BU †Kbvi mgq mZK©Zv t A‡bK mgq fvUv †_‡K 1g †kªYxi B‡Ui mv‡_ 2q ev
3q †kªYxi BU wgwk‡q mieivn Kiv nq| Kv‡RB BU mieivn †bIqvi mgq Zv
fvjfv‡e †`‡L †bIqv DËg|
wet`ªt BU Kv‡R e¨env‡ii c~‡e© Kgc‡ÿ 12 N›Uv cvwb‡Z Wywe‡q ivL‡Z n‡e|
KviY G‡Z KvR Kivi mgq gkjvi cvwb Uv‡b bv|
(1-3) cv_i/†Lvqv t Avgv‡`i †`‡k cÖavbZ wZb cÖKvi cv_i wbg©vY Kv‡R
e¨envi Kiv nq, †hgb t
(K) wc-MÖ¨v‡fj t AvKv‡i 3/4" ev Gi †P‡q Kg Ges bv †f‡½ wbg©vY Kv‡R
e¨envi Kiv nq|
(L) wm‡½j t AvKvi wcÖ-Mª¨v‡f‡ji †P‡q eo, wKš‘ 3

-Gi Kg| GwU †f‡½
†Lvqv evbv‡Z nq|
(M) †evìvi t AvKvi 3

-Gi eo Ges †f‡½ Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|
†Lvqv t wc‡KU BU ev cv_i †f‡½ ˆZix Kiv nq|
mvaviYZ wb¤œewY©Z fv‡e †Lvqvi †MÖ‡Wkb Kiv nq t ‡Lvqvi AvKvi = "4
3 ev "4
3
-Gi †P‡q Kg|
(1-4) cvwb t cvwb e¨env‡i mZK©Zv t e¨envh© cvwb cwi®‹vi, GwmW Ges jeY
gy³ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| ZvB mnR cÖvc¨ †Wvevi cvwb e¨envi Kiv DwPr bq|
(1-5) iW (Gg.Gm.iW) t Gg.Gm.iW µ‡qi mgq mZK©Zv t eZ©gvb evRv‡i
†cøb I wW- digW Dfq iKg Gg.Gm.iW cvIqv hvq Ges 40 I 60 †MÖ‡Wi
wW- digW evi cvIqv hvq| wWRvBbvi †Kvb †MÖ‡Wi iW w`‡q óªvKPvi wWRvBb
Ki‡Q Zv wbwðZ n‡q †mB †MÖW Abyhvqx iW µq I e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| 60
†MÖ‡Wi wW- digW evi mvaviYZ we‡jU ev DbœZgv‡bi ¯Œ¨vc w`‡q ˆZix nq|
wW-digW i‡Wi Mv‡q cªwZ wgUvi AšÍi AšÍi †ivwjs/wi-‡ivwjs wg‡ji e¨emvwqK
g‡bvMÖvg wPwüZ _v‡K| iW †Kbvi Av‡M i‡Wi Mv‡q e¨emvwqK g‡bvMÖvg Av‡Q
wK bv Zv Aek¨B †`‡L †bIqv `iKvi| io ai‡bi wbg©vYKv‡R e¨env‡ii c~‡e©
i‡Wi j¨ve‡iUix cixÿv K‡i †bIqv DwPr|
wet`ªt (1) we‡jU n‡Z cÖ¯‘Z iW wbtm‡›`‡n DrK…ó Ges we.Gm.wU.AvB. wb‡`©wkZ
gv‡bi| (2) wi-‡iv‡jej ¯Œ¨vc n‡Z cÖ¯‘Z i‡Wi ¸Yvejx‡Z jÿYxq ZviZg¨
Av‡Q| G ai‡Yi wKQy wKQy iW wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨envi Dc‡hvMx bq| cÖ‡KŠkjMZ
¸iæZ¡c~Y© wbg©vY Kv‡R G¸‡jv e¨envi Kiv DwPr bq|
(1-6) KvV t KvV Kv‡R e¨env‡ii c~‡e© fvjfv‡e wmRwbs K‡i †bIqv `iKvi|
wmRwbs Ki‡j t (1) Kv‡Vi wfZ‡ii cvwb †ei n‡q hvq, (2) IRb K‡g, (3)
cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv ev‡o, (4) KvUvKvwU Kiv I Kv‡R e¨env‡ii myweav ev‡o, (5)
is I cwjk Kivi Dc‡hvMx nq|
wewfbœ fv‡e Kv‡Vi wmRwbs Kiv nq, †hgb t
(1) `xN©w`b evZv‡m †d‡j ivL‡j †h wmRwbs nq Zv‡K b¨vPvivj wmRwbs
e‡j|
(2) cvwb‡Z wfwR‡q †h wmRwbs Kiv nq Zv‡K IqvUvi wmRwbs ejv nq|
(3) †KwgK¨vj wmRwbs, B‡jw±ªK¨vj wmRwbs, óxwgs e‡qwjs, †¯§vK wmRwbs
BZ¨vw`‡K AvwU©wdwmqvj wmRwbs ejv nq|
(1-7) mgq t GKwU wØZj `vjvb wbg©v‡Y Kgc‡ÿ wZb gvm mgq cÖ‡qvRb
el©vKv‡j wbg©vY KvR ïiæ bv KivB fvj| KviY e„wói Kvi‡Y cÖvqB KvR wewNœZ
nq| erm‡ii †klw`‡K B‡Ui `y®cÖvc¨Zv/Pov `vg _v‡K| Rvbyqvix/†deªæqvix gvm
evwo ev feb wbg©vY KvR ïiæi Rb¨ Dchy³ mgq|

(1-8) B‡Ui Muv_ybxi KvR (weªK IqvK©) t DuPz gv‡bi Muv_ybxi KvR t DuPz gv‡bi B‡Ui
Muv_ybxi KvR †c‡Z n‡j wb¤œewY©Z welq¸‡jvi cªwZ hZœevb n‡Z n‡e t
(1) cÖ_g †kªYxi BU e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(2) Kv‡R e¨env‡ii c~‡e© BU cwi®‹vi cvwb‡Z Kgc‡ÿ 12 N›Uv wfwR‡q wb‡Z
n‡e|
(3) me©`v cÖ_g †kªYxi Kg© ˆbcy‡Y¨i Dc‡i †Rvi w`‡Z n‡e|
(4) Muv_ybxi me©Î h_vh_ eÛ iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|
(5) me©`v myô I mylg gkjvi R‡q›U ev †Rvov e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|

121. 237 238
(6) B‡Ui Muv_ybxi KvR Kgc‡ÿ 7 (mvZ) w`b wKDwis Kiv `iKvi|
(7) fwel¨‡Z †`Iqv‡ji ‰`N©¨ m¤cÖmvwiZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j †kl cÖvšÍ
`uvZ wewkó n‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z cyivZb I b~Zb Muv_ybxi g‡a¨ avivevwnK eÛ
ˆZix nq|
(8) B‡Ui Muv_ybxi KvR me©Î GKB nv‡i †Mu‡_ DVv‡bv DwPZ|

(1-9) KbwµU XvjvB Kv‡Ri weeiY t XvjvB Kv‡Ri c~‡e© †h mKj welq
mZK©Zvi mv‡_ †PK Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Zv wbgœiƒc t
(1) mg¯Í KvR Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb, Gw÷‡gU, Kv‡Ri weeiY
(wmwWDj) BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx †PK Kiv|
(2) mvB‡U WªBs Abyhvqx iW weQv‡bv Ges †PK Kiv|
(3) †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis, cÖwcs (KvV, euvk, cvBc) BZ¨vw` mv‡cvU© †PK Kiv|
(4) KbwµU XvjvB Kv‡Ri wbg©vY mvgMÖx, †hgb t cv_i, †Lvqv, wm‡g›U, evwj,
óxj iW BZ¨vw` gvb Abyhvqx gRy` Av‡Q wK bv †PK Kiv|
(5) XvjvB‡qi c~‡e© KvwiMi/wg¯¿x/K›Uªv±i/mv‡f©qvi Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq †jevi-
‡njcv‡ii Dcw¯’wZ †PK Ki‡Z n‡e|
(6) XvjvB‡qi Rb¨ hš¿cvwZ/†gwkb, †hgb wgKPvi †gwkb, fvB‡eªUi †gwkb,
cvwbi cv¤ú BZ¨vw`i mvwf©m mwVK Av‡Q wKbv †PK Kiv|
(7) cvwb, we`y¨r mieivn BZ¨vw` †PK Kiv|
(8) wbg©vY hš¿cvwZ, †hgb t wgKPvi †gwkb, fvB‡eªUi †gwkb, mv‡f© †gwkb,
cwigv‡ci †Uc, wdZv BZ¨vw` hš¿cvwZ mvB‡U gRy` Av‡Q wKbv †PK Kiv|
(9) mvB‡U cÖ‡qvRbxq wbg©vY e¨q (ev‡RU) gRy` ivLv|
(10) gvBjW óxj iW mwVKfv‡e emv‡bv, cwi®‹vi Ges h_vh_fv‡e evav n‡q‡Q
wKbv Zv WªBs Abyhvqx †PK Kiv|
(11) XvjvB‡qi dg©v cwi®‹vi Kiv, †fRv‡bv, h‡_vchy³ iƒ‡c †Vm (mv‡cvU©)
cÖ`vb Ges †j‡fj cixÿv Kiv|
(12) gvwUi Dci XvjvB Kiv n‡j gvwUi †kvlY ÿgZv †iv‡ai Rb¨ fvjfv‡e
†fRv‡bv, h_vh_fv‡e gvwU †j‡fj h_vh_ D”PZvq Av‡Q wKbv -Zv cixÿv
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(13) XvjvB †kl n‡Z ivZ †b‡g Avm‡j †m †ÿ‡Î ch©vß Av‡jvi e¨e¯’v Kiv|
(14) KbwµU XvjvB Kivi w`b AvenIqv ﮋ ev fvj Av‡Q wK bv Zv jÿ¨
ivL‡Z n‡e|
(15) dig Iqv‡K©i wfZi w`‡q hv‡Z Kbwµ‡Ui cvwb PzB‡q bv c‡o †m Rb¨
dig Iqv‡K©i DcwifvM cyiæ cwjw_b wmU Øviv gyov‡bv|
mZK©Zv t fv½v BU ev Kv‡Vi eøK wn‡m‡e e¨envi cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
(16) we`y¨r - Gi Zvi en‡bi Rb¨ wcwfwm ev Ab¨ ai‡bi cvBc h_vh_fv‡e
weQv‡bv| GB cvBc †jvnvi wb‡Pi ¯Íi I Dc‡ii ¯Í‡ii gvSLv‡b weQv‡Z
n‡e Ges bx‡Pi ¯Í‡ii †jvnv bx‡P weQv‡bv hv‡e bv|
(17) Dc‡iv³ welq mg~n Aby‡gvw`Z evwoi cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb, Gwó‡gU,
Kv‡Ri weeiY BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx mwVK n‡j XvjvB‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b
†`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
XvjvBKvjxb mvaviY we‡eP¨ welqmg~n t
(K) XvjvB‡qi mgq †gwkb bó n‡q hvIqv, we`y¨r, cvwb mieivn bv _vKv|
cÖ‡qvRbxq gvjvgvj I wg¯¿x, †jevi, mvB‡U bv _vKv BZ¨vw` mgm¨vi m„wó
n‡Z cv‡i, ZvB D‡jøwLZ mgm¨vi m„wó n‡j, AbwZwej‡¤^ Dnvi mgvav‡bi
Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡Z n‡e|
(L) †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis, cÖwcs-Gi KvV, euvk, óxj cvBc BZ¨vw` mv‡cvU©
mZK©Zvi mv‡_ XvjvB‡qi c~‡e© †PK Ki‡Z n‡e|
(M) XvjvB wgkv‡bvi 45 wgwb‡Ui AwaK c‡o _vKv KbwµU, e¨envi Kiv hv‡e
bv|
(N) KbwµU GKevi cvwb w`‡q ˆZixi ci cybivq cvwb wgkv‡bv hv‡e bv|
(O) gvwU, Nvm, BZ¨vw` `ªe¨ Kbwµ‡Ui mv‡_ wgk‡Z †`Iqv hv‡e bv|
(P) Kv`vhy³ gvwUi Dci ÷ªvKPvivj KbwµU XvjvB Kiv hv‡e bv|
(Q) wZb dz‡Ui AwaK DuPz †_‡K KbwµU †djv hv‡e bv|
(R) †fvi‡ejv †_‡K XvjvB ïiæ Kiv wbivc`|
(S) XvjvB‡qi mgq mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e, †hb wm‡g›U, evjy †Lvqv Ges cvwb
wgkv‡bvi AbycvZ wgKPvi †gwk‡b mwVKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv nq| Bnv‡Z
XvjvB‡qi ¸YMZgvb wbqš¿‡Y ivLv hvq, cÖ‡qvR‡b Kbwµ‡Ui ¯ø¨vg Ges
wmwjÛvi †Uó Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
(T) XvjvB-Gi KvR el©vKv‡j n‡j nv‡Zi Kv‡Q cwjw_b gRyZ ivLv Riæix|
KbwµU wKDwis t KbwµU ax‡i ax‡i hv‡Z cy‡iv kw³ AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨
wKDwis GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| mvaviYZ XvjvB‡qi 8-10 N›Uv ci †_‡K
KbwµU wKDwis ïiæ Kiv nq Ges 28 w`b ch©šÍ Zv Pj‡Z _v‡K| GB mgq‡K
Kbwµ‡Ui wKDwis wcwiqW ejv nq|

122. 239 240
Kbwµ‡Ui †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis (KvV, euvk, óxj cvBc) †Lvjvi mgq t
(K) †`Iqvj, weg I Kjv‡gi Lvov cv‡ki mvUvwis cÖ_‡g Lyj‡Z n‡e|
(L) Zrci ¯ø¨v‡ei Zj‡`‡ki mvUvwis Lyj‡Z n‡e, Zrci weg, MvW©vi Ges
Ab¨vb¨ †ekx fvienbKvix óvKPv‡ii Zj‡`‡ki mvUvwis Lyj‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt KZw`b ci dg© IqvK© miv‡bv n‡e Zv wbf©i K‡i wm‡g‡›Ui aiY, XvjvB -
Gi AvK…wZ (Abyf~wgi/Lvov/†njv‡bv) enbK„Z IRb Ges ZvcgvÎvi Dci|
wbg©vY Kv‡Ri †m›Uvwis ev mvUvwis †Lvjvi mgqm~Px wbgœiƒc t
bs Kv‡Ri weeiY †m›Uvwis (mvUvwis) †Lvjvi
mgq
01 Kjvg we‡gi cvk¦©w`K 2 w`b ci
02 we‡gi Zjv 21 w`b ci
03 Qv‡`i ¯ø¨v‡ei Zjv 21 w`b ci
mvUvwis Kv‡Ri mZK©Zv t mKj †ÿ‡Î dg© IqvK© h‡_ó k³ Ges duvK wenxb
n‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z †Kvb cÖKvi wjK (Leakage) bv _v‡K| cÖwZwU dg© IqvK©
k³fv‡e mv‡cvU© w`‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z †Kvb iKg weK…wZ bv N‡U|
dg© Iqv‡K©i cÖwZwU L‡Ûi wfZi †Kvb duvK _vK‡Z cvi‡e bv Ges IqvUvi UvBU
n‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z K‡i dg© IqvK© (Shuttering) w`‡q cvwb Mwo‡q ev PzB‡q bv
c‡o|
(1-10) iW weQv‡bvi KvR t iW Aek¨B Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb, WªBs, wWRvBb Ges
Kv‡Ri weeiY (wmwWDj) Abyhvqx weQv‡Z n‡e|
mZK©Zv t XvjvB‡qi iW (†jvnv) wbf©yjfv‡e emv‡Z n‡e Ges ci¯ú‡ii Dci
weQv‡bv iW¸‡jvi ms‡hvM¯’‡j wR.AvB.Zvi (M¨vjfvbvBRW Avqib Zvi) w`‡q
k³ K‡i euva‡Z n‡e hv‡Z XvjvB-Gi Av‡M ¯’vbPz¨Z bv nq|
iW weQv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î wZbwU cÖ‡qvRbxq kZ© n‡”Q t
(K) cvkvcvwk mgvšÍivjfv‡e Aew¯’Z `yBwU i‡Wi gv‡S ch©vß duvK ivL‡Z n‡e,
hv‡Z KbwµU XyK‡Z Amyweav bv nq|
(L) iW Ggbfv‡e weQv‡Z n‡e hv‡Z i‡Wi mgZj ch©vß KbwµU _v‡K|
(M) jeY, Av`ª©Zv I Av¸b †_‡K iÿvi Rb¨ ewntcv‡k¦© Kbwµ‡Ui ch©vß AveiY
_vK‡Z n‡e|
wbg©vY Kv‡R iW weQv‡bvi mgq wb‡b¥v³ welq¸‡jvi cÖwZ gb‡hvMx wKsev †PK
Ki‡Z n‡e t
(1) wWRvBb Abyhvqx wba©vwiZ mvB‡Ri iW wba©vwiZ `~i‡Z¡ emv‡Z n‡e| mKj
iW cwi®‹vi K‡i wb‡Z n‡e hv‡Z gwiPv, †Zj, MÖxR, Kv`v BZ¨vw` i‡Wi
Mv‡q bv _v‡K|
(2) †cøb (gm„Y) iW e¨envi Kiv n‡j Dfq cÖv‡šÍ ûK w`‡Z n‡e| wW-digW
i‡Wi †ÿ‡Î û‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
(3) bK&kv (cø¨vb, WªBs) Abyhvqx iW †mvRv A_ev euvKv‡bv (µ¨vsKW&) n‡Z
n‡e|
(4) i‡Wi †Rvov h_v¯’v‡b h_vh_ ˆ`‡N¨©i n‡e|
(5) XvjvB Kivi Av‡M iW‡K ¯^-¯^ ¯’v‡b Zvi w`‡q euva‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z ¯’vbPz¨Z
bv nq| XvjvB PjvKv‡j iW weQv‡bv hv‡e bv|
(6) iW Giƒcfv‡e weQv‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Pvicvk KbwµU w`‡q †X‡K hvq|
(7) i‡W h‡_vchy³ †Vm (mv‡cvU©) w`‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z XvjvB-Gi Pv‡c †eu‡K
¯’vbPz¨Z bv nq|
(1-11) †cøb iW I wW-digW iW t Kbwµ‡Ui mv‡_ i‡Wi eÜb `„p Kivi Rb¨
†cøb i‡Wi `yB †kl cÖvšÍ euvKv K‡i eowki gZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K, hv‡K ûK e‡j|
Z‡e wW-digW iW e¨envi Kiv n‡j GB û‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| wW-digW
i‡Wi mv‡_ KbwµU eÜbI †cøb i‡Wi †P‡q fvj| Kv‡RB wW-digW i‡Wi `vg
†cøb i‡Wi Zzjbvq wKQyUv †ekx n‡jI Zv wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv DËg|
i‡Wi Kv‡Ri Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© (mZK©g~jK) welqmg~n t
(1) hLb iW h‡_vchy³ ˆ`‡N©¨i n‡e bv, ZLb iW †Rvov †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb
co‡e|
(2) XvjvB-Gi wfZi †jvnv j¨vwcs K‡i †jvnv †Rvov w`‡Z nq|
(3) 3 myZvi Rb¨ 18

, 5 myZvi 25

Ges 6 myZvi Rb¨ 34
Ó
j¨vc
(†Rvov)w`‡Z nq|
(4) j¨vc¸‡jv m‡e©v”P Pv‡c (Tension) co‡Z cv‡i, Ggb ¯’v‡b ¯’vcb mwVK
bq|
(5) i‡Wi cÖv‡šÍ h_vh_ ûK w`‡Z n‡e|
(6) AvenvIqv RwbZ I Av¸b n‡Z ÿwZMÖ¯’ nIqvi AvksKv †iva Kivi Rb¨
i‡Wi wK¬qvi Kfvi ivL‡Z n‡e|

123. 241 242
(7) hw` cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq wK¬qvi Kfvi Kg nq Z‡e i‡Wi ewnf©v‡M
AvenvIqv mshy³ n‡q c‡o, ÿqcÖvß nq I i‡Wi ÿgZv n«vm cvq Ges
wbg©vY KvVv‡gvi ¯’vqxZ¡ K‡g hvq|
(8) Qv`, Kjvg I we‡gi iW¸‡jv wbw`©ó¯’v‡b mwVKfv‡e a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ 22
†MRx (22 SWG) Zvi Øviv k³fv‡e †eu‡a ivL‡Z n‡e|
(9) ch©vß eøK †bB Giƒc i‡Wi Dci PjvPj mwVK bq|
(10) gU©vi eøK Gi mvnv‡h¨ i‡Wi wK¬qvi Kfvi wbwðZ Kiv hvq|
(11) wbg©vY Kv‡R e¨env‡ii c~‡e© iW cixÿv K‡i †bIqv cÖ‡qvRb|
(12) GKB e¨vm wewkó wbw`©ó ˆ`‡N©¨i †cøb iW I wW-digW i‡Wi IRb mgvb
n‡e|
(1-12) Qv` XvjvB‡qi mswÿß weeiY t Qv` XvjvB-Gi c~‡e© Ges XvjvB
PjvKvjxb †h me wel‡qi cÖwZ bRi w`‡Z n‡e wKsev †PK Ki‡Z n‡e Zv
wbgœiƒc t
(1) Qv` XvjvB‡qi c~‡e© Qv‡` †jvnvi Rvj weQv‡bv, ˆe`y¨wZK jvB‡bi Rb¨
wcwfwm cvBc ¯’vcb, †mwbUvix cvBc emv‡bv BZ¨vw` Aby‡gvw`Z cø¨vb,
WªBs, wWRvBb Abyhvqx †PK Kiv|
(2) mvUvwis-Gi duvK-‡duvKo eÜ Kiv, euv‡ki LuywU `„pfv‡e ¯’vcb mn mvUvwis
†j‡fj †PK Kiv|
(3) ch©vß wm‡g›U eøKe¨envi K‡i †jvnvi Rv‡ji wK¬qvi Kfvi (mvaviYZ
1/4") wbwðZ Kiv/†PK Ki‡Z n‡e|
(4) †jvnvi †Pqvi e¨envi K‡i Dc‡ii ¯Í‡ii Zv‡ii Rvwji ¯’vb wbwðZ
Kiv/†PK Kiv|
(5) Qv` XvjvB-Gi Rb¨ Av‡M fv‡M wgKPvi †gwkb I fvB‡eªUi †gwkb mvB‡U
nvwRi ivLv DwPZ|
(6) XvjvB-Gi KvR el©vKv‡j n‡j nv‡Zi Kv‡Q cwjw_b gRyZ ivLv AZ¨šÍ
cÖ‡qvRb|
(7) †fvi †ejv †_‡K XvjvB ïiæ Kiv wbivc`|
(8) XvjvB‡qi w`b ivRwg¯¿x, iW wg¯¿x, we`y¨r wg¯¿x Ges Z`viKKvix MÖæ‡ci
Dcw¯’wZ cÖ‡qvRb|
(9) wgKPvi †gwk‡b wm‡g›U, evwj, †Lvqv I cvwb mwVK Abycv‡Z †gkv‡bv
n‡”Q wK bv †mw`‡K bRi ivL‡Z n‡e|
(10) †jeviiv KbwµU enb K‡i ax‡i my‡¯’B Rv‡ji Dci †d‡j w`‡”Q wK bv,
†jvnvi Rvj fvmgvb ivL‡Z †h‡q †Pqvi Ges eøK ¯’vbPz¨Z n‡”Q wK bv,
fvB‡eªUi †gwkb w`‡q wgKPvi NYxf~Z Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q wK bv Ges Qv‡`i
Zjvq XvjvB-Gi mgq Dcv`vb Mwj‡q co‡Q wK bv, BZ¨vw`i cÖwZ bRi
ivL‡Z n‡e|
(11) DuPz †_‡K KbwµU †djv DwPr bq| G‡Z KbwµU `ye©j n‡q c‡o|
(12) XvjvB‡qi Dci nvUv wb‡la|
(13) mvaviYZ Qv‡`i XvjvB Kgc‡ÿ 4

cyiæ n‡q _v‡K|
(14) mvUvwis-G duvK _vK‡j Ges cvwb †ekx e¨envi Ki‡j cvwb duvK w`‡q
c‡o hvq Ges cieZ©x‡Z †cvKvq LvIqv KvVv‡gvi gZ †`Lv hvq, hv‡K
nvwbK¤^ (†gŠPv‡Ki gZ duvKv duvKv) KbwµU ejv nq|
(15) XvjvB Kv‡j fvB‡eªUi / iW w`‡q LuywP‡q KbwµU fv‡jvfv‡e Kgc¨v±
Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j Giƒc XvjvB-Gi m„wó nq|
(16) nvwbK¤^ n‡j †givgZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †ekx n‡j XvjvB †f‡½ cybivq
XvjvB Ki‡Z n‡e|
evwo wbg©v‡Y †kl ch©v‡qi KvR t
wdwbwks Kv‡Ri mZK©Zv t †mŠwLb wRwbmcÎ e¨env‡i wdwbwks Kv‡Ri LiP
óªvKPvi wbg©v‡Yi cÖvq mgvb A_ev †ekx n‡Z cv‡i| myZivs wdwbwks Kv‡Ri
Li‡Pi K_v we‡ePbvq †i‡L óªvKPvi wbg©vY e¨q Kiv DwPZ|
wb‡gœ wewfbœ cÖKvi wdwbwks Kv‡Ri mswÿß weeiY I mZK©Zv †`qv n‡jv t
(1-13) cøvóvi t XvjvB-Gi †m›Uvwis, mvUvwis Ly‡j †djvi ciB Av`ª© _vKv Kv‡j
cøvóv‡ii KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z nq| cÖ_‡g Qv` I c‡i †`qvj cvwb‡Z wfwR‡q
cøvóv‡ii KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z nq|
mZK©Zv t
(1) †`qvj cvwb Øviv fv‡jvfv‡e †fRv‡bvi ci Av¯Í‡ii KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z
n‡e|
(2) cøvóvi †ekx cyiæ Ki‡Z n‡j nvjKv K‡i `yB ev wZb ¯Í‡i cøvóvi jvMv‡bv
nq|
(3) ïK‡bv †`qv‡j cøvóvi Ki‡j Zv †d‡U hvq|
(4) Kv‡Vi `iRv-Rvbvjvi †PŠKv‡Vi Dci cøvóvi Pov‡bv hv‡e bv|
(5) cøvóvi jvMv‡bvi 18 N›Uv ci wbqwgZ fv‡e GK mßvn ch©šÍ cvwb wQwU‡q
wKDwis Ki‡Z n‡e|
(6) bL dzUv‡j evwj †ewi‡q Avm‡j wKDwis Kg n‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e|

124. 243 244
(7) gReyZ cøvóv‡ii Rb¨ mwVK Ges h_vh_ wKDwis Ki‡Z n‡e|
(8) †fuRv cøvóvi Ges wfZ‡ii B‡Ui Muv_ybxi †`qvj ïKv‡Z K‡qK gvm
mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb nq| †`qvj ïKv‡bvi ci is Gi KvR nv‡Z †bIqvB
DËg|
wet`ªt B‡Ui Muv_ybxi KvR cøvóv‡ii Rb¨ mvaviYZ 1 fvM wm‡g›U I 6 fvM evjy
Ges Kbwµ‡Ui cøvóv‡ii Rb¨ mvaviYZ 1 fvM wm‡g›U I 4 fvM evjy wgwkªZ K‡i
gkjv ev gU©vi ˆZix Kiv nq|
cøvóvi Kivi c×wZ t
fvj gv‡bi cøvóv‡ii KvR †c‡Z n‡j wbgœ ewY©Z c×wZ AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e t
(1) B‡Ui Muv_ybxi Kv‡Ri mKj R‡q›U 1/2" MfxiZv ch©šÍ †P‡Q cwi®‹vi
Kiv|
(2) ˆZjv³ I jeYv³ `vM mg~n eªvk ev Kvco w`‡q N‡l cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z
n‡e|
(3) cyivZb †`Iqv‡ji †ÿ‡Î K~wY© Øviv Kzwc‡q †`Iqvj‡K Amgvb K‡i wb‡Z
n‡e|
(4) cøvóv‡ii KvR ïiæi c~‡e© cÖ¯‘ZK„Z mvi‡dm fvjfv‡e cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q
†fRv‡Z n‡e|
(5) me©Î cøvóv‡ii cyiæZ¡ mgvb ivLvi Rb¨ †`Iqv‡ji Abyf~wgK I Lvov
Dfqw`‡K 6-7 dzU ci ci (6

6

) RvqMvq bgybv cøvóvi jvMv‡Z n‡e|
(6) cøvóv‡ii cyiæZ¡ 1/2" -Gi †ekx n‡j Zv `yB ¯Í‡i Ki‡Z n‡e|
(7) cøvóv‡ii KvR Kgc‡ÿ 7 (mvZ) w`b wKDwis Ki‡Z n‡e|
(1-14) RjQv` t evwo ev fe‡bi mgZ‡j Avi.wm.wm. Qv`‡K †iŠ`ª I e„wó †_‡K
iÿvi Rb¨ RjQv` Øviv †X‡K †`Iqv nq| GB RjQv` AbeiZ e„wói mgq
fe‡bi Qv‡` cvwb †kvlb eÜ K‡i Ges cÖPÛ `ve`v‡ni mgq feb‡K VvÛv
iv‡L| Avgv‡`i †`‡k jvBg Kbwµ‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ RjQv` wbg©vY Kiv nq| jvBg
Kbwµ‡U Pzb, myiKx Ges †Lvqvi AbycvZ 2t2t7 n‡Z n‡e| Qv‡`i †ÿÎdj I
e„wócv‡Zi cwigv‡Yi Dci wbf©i K‡i RjQv‡`i cyiæZ¡ wba©viY Kiv nq Ges Zv
M‡o 3

†_‡K 4

ch©šÍ nq|
mZK©Zvt RjQv‡`i cvwb Mov‡bvi w`‡K cÖwZ 10dz‡U Kgc‡ÿ 1

†_‡K 1.1/2


ch©šÍ Xvj w`‡Z n‡e| e„wói cvwb wbM©g‡bi Rb¨ †iBb IqvUvi cvBc e¨envi
Kiv nq| Avgv‡`i †`‡k mvaviYZ cÖwZ 300 eM©dzU Qv‡`i e„wói cvwb wbM©g‡bi
Rb¨ 4Ó e¨v‡mi GKwU †iBb IqvUvi cvBc ¯’vcb Kiv nq|
100 wmGdwU RjQv‡`i Rb¨ wb‡gœ cÖavb Dcv`vb mg~n cÖ‡qvRb n‡e t
(1) †Lvqv = 2.7 wKDweK wgUvi ev 95 wmGdwU|
(2) Pzb = 482 †K wR ev 13 gY|
(3) myiKx = 0.77 wKDweK wgUvi ev 27 wmGdwU|
mZK©Zv t fwel¨‡Z BgviZ DשgyLx m¤cÖmvi‡Yi (Vertical Extension) m¤¢ebv
_vK‡j RjQv` bv K‡i A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v MÖnY KivB †kªq|
mZK©Zv t m~‡h©i Zvc †VKv‡bvi Rb¨ Qv‡` Ue ivLv, Qvqv weZibKvix jZvMvQ
Rwb¥‡q jZv Qwo‡q Qv`‡K Qvqv‡Z ivL‡Z cvi‡j fvj dj cvIqvi
m¤¢ebv i‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î jÿYxq †h Qv‡` †Kvb g‡Z cvwb Rg‡Z
†`qv hv‡e bv|
(1-15) is-Gi KvR t mZK©Zv t wbw`©ó mg‡qi e¨eav‡b is bv Ki‡j cÖvq me
ai‡bi Kv‡VB duvK, wQ`ª ev ÿq cÖvß n‡Z _v‡K Ges †jvnvi Kv‡R
gi‡P c‡o ÿqcÖvß nq| ZvQvov wm‡g‡›Ui Kv‡R (BU, KbwµU A_ev
cøvóvi) h_v‡cvhy³ is bv Ki‡j BgviZ ÿq cÖvß n‡q wewìs-Gi ¯’vqxZ¡
K‡g hvq|
is cÖ‡qv‡M we‡eP¨ welq mg~n t
(1) GKRb `ÿ is wg¯¿xi (†WK mvwf©m ev wWjvi) mycvwik µ‡g is-Gi
cwigvb Ges m¤¢ve¨ LiP wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e| is-Gi †`vKvb †_‡K PvU© †`‡L
A_ev †`qv‡j Aí is K‡i †mW wbY©q Kiv hvq|
(2) is jvMv‡bvi c~‡e© †`qv‡ji DcwifvM fvjfv‡e cÖ¯‘Z K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
(3) is cÖ‡qv‡Mi c~‡e© cøvóvi m¤ú~Y©© RgvU euvav Ges ïK‡bv wbwðZ Ki‡Z
n‡e|
(4) wkwil KvMR/Zv‡ii eªvk w`‡q AvjMv evjy, wm‡g‡›Ui myPv‡jv DuPz Ask
Ges Ab¨vb¨ dz‡j DVv e¯‘ mg~n cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(5) QÎvK I k¨vIjv cov †`qv‡j Zvi bv bvi‡K‡ji †Qveovi eªvk w`‡q
cwi®‹v‡ii ci cÖevngvb cvwb w`‡q ay‡q m¤ú~Y© fv‡e ïKv‡Z n‡e|
(6) †jvbv aiv †`qvj QÎvK/k¨vIjvi b¨vq cwi®‹vi K‡i ïKv‡Z n‡e|
(1-16) PzbKvg (†nvqvBU Iqvk/Kvjvi Iqvk) t Pz‡bi KvR, wewìs-Gi cøvóvi
fv‡jvfv‡e ïwK‡q †bIqvi ci PzbKv‡gi KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z nq| Pz‡bi
`ªe‡Yi mv‡_ cQ›` g‡Zv is wgwk‡q Kvjvi Iqvk Kiv hvq| †nvqvBU
Iqvk Ges Kvjvi Iqvk `yB-B PzbKvg wnmv‡e cwiwPZ| PzbKvg

125. 245 246
evwn‡ii †`qvj Ges wfZi †`qvj Kiv hvq| PzbKv‡g cwic~Y© D¾jZv
Avb‡Z n‡j, wZb evi (3 coat) cv‡Ui eªvk Øviv jvMv‡Z n‡e|
(1-17) wW‡÷¤úvi t evwo ev fe‡bi wfZi wW‡÷¤úvi wdwbwms-Gi †`qvj
RbwcÖq| ˆZj A_ev w_bvi wnmv‡e e¨envi K‡i wW‡÷¤úvi KvR Kiv
nq|
wet`ªt Avgv‡`i †`‡k eZ©gv‡b GwjU Ges iweqvj¨vK (evR©vi eª¨vÛ)
†Kv¤úvbxi wW‡÷¤úvi †ek cÖPjb Ges fv‡jv gv‡bi|
(1-18) cøvwóK †cB›U t wW‡÷¤úv‡ii †P‡q AviI DbœZgv‡bi †`qvj wdwbwms-
Gi Rb¨ cøvwóK †cB›U e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| Avgv‡`i †`‡k eZ©gv‡b
GwjU Ges iweqvj¨vK †Kv¤úvbxi cøvwóK †cB›U †ek DbœZgv‡bi|
mvaviYZ †`qv‡ji wfZi mvB‡W-G is e¨envi Kiv nq|
(1-19) wmb‡_wUK Gbv‡gj †cB›U t evwo ev fe‡bi avZe I Kv‡Vi ˆZix
wRwbm c‡Îi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q `iRv I Rvbvjv| G m‡ei my-iÿv Ges
†mŠ›`h©¨ e„w×i Rb¨ Dchy³ cÖvBgvi mn Gbv‡gj †cB›U e¨envi Ki‡Z
nq| evRv‡i mvaviYZ mycvi Møy wmb‡_wUK Gbv‡gj †cB›U Ges Kg
g~‡j¨i mvaviY wmb‡_wUK Gbv‡gj †cB›U cvIqv hvq|
(1-20) evwY©k / cvwjk t Kv‡Vi †PŠKvV, `iRv-Rvbvjv, AvmevecÎ BZ¨vw`‡Z
w¯úwiU evwY©k jvMv‡bv n‡q _v‡K| cvwbi ms¯ú‡k© Av‡m Ggb Kv‡Vi
KvR evwY©k bv K‡i wmb‡_wUK Gbv‡gj †cB›U KivB DËg| evwY©k
Kivi c~‡e© Kv‡Vi KvR mg~n‡K fv‡jvfv‡e wkwil KvMR Øviv N‡l gm„Y
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(1-21) GK bR‡i is m¤úK©xq KiYxq Ges eR©bxq t
(1) Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx Ges mwVK is cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
(2) wUb ev †KŠUvi Mv‡q †jLv wb‡`©wkKv mZK©Zvi m‡½ c‡o is cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
(3) is Kivi c~‡e© is Kivi ¯’vb cwi®‹vi K‡i fv‡jvfv‡e ïwK‡q wb‡Z n‡e|
(4) cÖ‡Z¨Kevi e¨env‡ii c~‡e© wU‡bi wfZ‡ii is fvjfv‡e †b‡o wb‡Z n‡e|
(5) cÖ_g †KvU fvjfv‡e bv ïKv‡bv ch©šÍ wØZxqevi is jvMv‡bv hv‡e bv|
(6) wU‡bi wfZ‡ii Aewkó is cieZ©x‡Z e¨env‡ii Rb¨ wU‡bi XvKwb evqy
wb‡ivaK K‡i fvjfv‡e eÜ K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e| cvZjv is `xN©w`b †i‡L
†`qv wVK bq|
(7) is Kivi eªvk Acwi®‹vi ev is m‡gZ †i‡L †`Iqv hv‡e bv| `xN© mgq
a‡i KvR Kivi †ÿ‡Î eªvk a~‡q is cwi®‹vi K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
(8) AwZwi³ Av`ª©Zv ev R¡jxq ev®ú c~Y© AvenvIqvq is †¯cÖ Kiv evÃbxq
bq|
(9) me mgq mwVK w_bvi e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(10) is cvZjv Kivi e¨vcv‡i †KŠUvq wjwLZ wb‡`©k †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e|
(11) †Kvb is-B AwZwi³ cvZjv Kiv hv‡e bv|
(12) fvjfv‡e Av‡jv evZvm wbM©gb nq, Ggb ¯’v‡b is Kiv wbivc`|
(13) is Kivi mgq Kv‡Ri GjvKvq a~gcvb Kiv AbywPZ|
(14) is A_ev is-Gi Kvh©µg Av¸Y †_‡K `~‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|
(15) is ev”Pv‡`i bvMv‡ji evB‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|
(1-12) evwo/evmfe‡bi iÿYv‡eÿ‡Y mvaviY we‡eP¨ welqmg~n t
(1) Kbwµ‡Ui Qv`, weg, Kjvg, †`qvj BZ¨vw` we‡kl‡Ái civgk© Qvov
fv½vfvw½ Kiv DwPZ bq|
(2) fe‡bi mv‡_ eo eo MvQ-cvjv _vKv ÿwZKi|
(3) †Wªb ev †Wª‡bi gy‡L Ggb AveR©bv †djv DwPZ bq hv‡Z †Wª‡bi gyL eÜ
n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|
(4) Uq‡j‡Ui c¨vb ev K‡gv‡W KL‡bv Ab¨ gqjv, AveR©bv †djv DwPZ bq|
(5) N‡ii †`qvj/Qv` †Kv_vI wf‡R †M‡j, wfRvi KviY `ªæZ wbY©q K‡i Zvi
cÖwZKvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(6) evwoi Avw½bvi cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi h_vh_ e¨e¯’v ivLv DwPZ|
(7) evwoi †`qvj I Qv‡` AvMvQv †`Lv gvÎ wbg©~j Kiv DwPZ|
(8) wbqwgZ fe‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq ms¯‹vi I iÿYv‡eÿY Kiv DwPZ|

Fig. Elevation

126. 247 248

evwo wbg©v‡Y kÖwgK‡`i Kg©myiÿv
†h‡nZz evwo wbg©v‡Yi KvRmg~‡n mivmwifv‡e wbg©vY kÖwgKiv RwoZ Ges Zv‡`i
wbivcËv wewNœZ n‡j mswkøó evwoIqvjv ev cÖ‡KŠkjxivI G‡Z RwoZ n‡q hvq| †m‡nZz
wbg©v‡Yi Av‡MB kÖwgK‡`i mZ©KZv Ges wb‡`©kbv †`qv DwPZ|
 evwo wbgv‡©Y m¤¢ve¨ n¨vRvW© Ges SzuwKmg~n wbgœiƒc:
o Dci †_‡K wb‡P c‡o hvIqv/cwZZ nIqv
o ¯‹¨v‡dvwìs (evu‡ki ev †gUvj) a‡m cov/†f‡½ c‡o hvIqv
o Lbb KvR-Gi †ÿ‡Î gvwUi aŸm nIqv
o B‡jKwUªK/cvIqvi Uyjm-Gi e¨envi (B‡jKwUªK kK&)
o g¨vbyq¨vj n¨vÛwjs Ges wjdwUs
o nU IqvK© (I‡qjwWs, iW KvwUs, G¨v‡½j KvwUs, MÖvBwÛs)
 evwo wbgv‡©Y m¤¢ve¨ n¨vRvW© Ges SzuwKmg~‡ni wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v:
o meai‡bi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †mdwU myR, †mdwU †nj‡gU, jvBd †f÷
Aek¨B cwiavb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Kv‡Ri aib Abyhvqx wewfbœ wcwcB
(cvi‡mvbvj cÖ‡Uw±f BKz¨Bc‡g›U)- Wv÷ gv¯‹, mwVK n¨vÛMøvfm
(KUb/†j`vi/ivevi), dzjewW nv‡b©m, †mdwU MMjm, I‡qjwWs wkì,
†dm wkì BZ¨vw` e¨envi Kiæb|
o Dci †_‡K wb‡P c‡o hvIqv/cwZZ nIqv Ges ¯‹¨v‡dvwìs (evu‡ki ev
†gUvj) a‡m cov/†f‡½ c‡o hvIqv-
 Dc‡i DVv-bvgvi Rb¨ gReyZ K‡i MvW©‡iBjmn ¯‹¨v‡dvwìs (evu‡ki ev
†gUvj) Gi e¨e¯’v Kiæb|
 ¯‹¨v‡dvwìs `„p wKbv hvPvB K‡i †`Lyb|
 gB/wmwo e¨env‡ii Av‡M gB/wmwoi Kv‡Ri Dc‡hvwMZv hvPvB K‡i
†`Lyb|
 †mdwU †bU wm‡÷g e¨envi Kiyb Ges †Kvb †d¬vi I‡cwbs ev MZ©
Kvfvi w`‡q eÜ K‡i w`b /†X‡K w`b|
 cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx mieivnK…Z dzj ewW nv‡b©m cwiavb Kiæb Ges
mwVKfv‡e ûwKs/G¨vsKwis Kiæb|
o LbbKvR
 Lbb KvR ïiæ Kivi Av‡M †Uwj‡dvb jvBb, ˆe`y¨wZK jvBb, M¨vm
jvBb, cvwbi jvBb¸‡jvi Ae¯’&vb †R‡b wbb|
 hš¿¿cvwZmn †h‡Kvb wRwbmcÎ Lbb Kv‡Ri wKbvivq ivL‡eb bv, KviY
wb‡P †jvK KvR Ki‡Q|
 Lbb Kv‡Ri cvk w`‡q ev wKbvivq †Kvb hvb Pvjv‡eb bv|
 Lbb Kv‡Ri Pvicv‡k cÖwZeÜK w`‡Z n‡e|
 Lbb Kv‡Ri Pvicv‡k wUb/wkU w`‡q myiwÿZ/†kvwis‡qi e¨e¯’v K‡i
wbb|
o B‡jKwUªK/cvIqvi Uyjm Gi e¨envi (B‡jKwUªK kK&)
 memgq K¨vej/Zvi, cøvM, m‡KU mwVK Av‡Q wKbv hvPvB K‡i †`Lyb|
 cÖ‡qvR‡bi AwZwi³ B‡jKwUªK¨vj hš¿cvwZ m‡½ ivL‡eb bv|
 †Kvb hš¿cvwZ ¯úvK© Ki‡j/w¯’i n‡q †M‡j †mUv eÜ K‡i ms‡hvM
wew”Qbœ Kiæb|
 K¨vej/Zvi †g‡S‡Z Qwo‡q wQwU‡q ivL‡eb bv|
 meai‡bi B‡jKwUªK¨vj hš¿cvwZ cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ K‡i ïK‡bv Ae¯’vq/
RvqMvq ivLyb|
 B‡jKwUªK¨vj hš¿cvwZ e¨env‡ii mgq wm³ ev †fRv ¯’v‡b `vuov‡eb bv|
o g¨vbyq¨vj n¨vÛwjs Ges wjdwUs
 †jv‡Wi AvKvi wbY©q Kiæb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b K‡qK Bw ch©šÍ Uªvqvj
wjdU e¨envi Kiæb|
 g¨vbyq¨vj n¨vÛwjs Ges wjdwUs Kivi mgq nvuUz evuKv Kiæb Ges
Avcbvi wcQ‡bi †cwk mPj ivLyb|
 wcV †mvRv †i‡L Ges nvZ kix‡ii Kv‡Q †i‡L wjdwUs Kiæb|
o nU IqvK© (I‡qjwWs, iW KvwUs, G¨v‡½j KvwUs, MÖvBwÛs)
 nU IqvK© (I‡qjwWs, iW KvwUs, G¨v‡½j KvwUs, MÖvBwÛs) Kivi mgq
Dchy³ wcwcB †hgb: I‡qjwWs wkì, †mdwU MMjm, myiÿv †cvlvK,
n¨vÛMøvfm, †dm wkì e¨envi Kiæb|
 I‡qjwWs‡qi mgq Pvicv‡k †bU Rvwj jvMv‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Avkcv‡ki
kªwgK Ges c_Pvix‡`i Mv‡q AwMœwkLv bv jv‡M|
 KvwUs Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î d¬¨vme¨vK G¨v‡i÷vi e¨envi Kiæb|

127. 249 250

128. 251 252



cwiwkó-7 t mßg ms¯‹iY- †deªæqvwi, 2018 Bs
wbg©vY c~e© KvR
[1-0] GK bR‡i evwo wbg©v‡Yi ch©vqµwgK avcmg~n t
(1) RvqMv wbe©vPb
(2) bK&kv cÖbqY I Aby‡gv`b
(3) mvBU cÖ¯‘ZKiY
(4) gvwU‡Z †j-AvDU †`qv
(5) wfwËi Rb¨ gvwU †Luvov
(6) wfwËi Zjvq BU weQv‡bv
(7) wfwËi Rb¨ KbwµU XvjvB
(8) wfUvZj ch©šÍ Muv_ybx
(9) evwn‡ii fivU KvR
(10) wfZ‡ii fivU KvR
(11) W¨v¤ú cÖæd †Kvm©
(12) wj‡›Uj ch©šÍ KvR
(13) gvPv ˆZix
(14) XvjvB Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †jvnv euvKv‡bv I dg©v ˆZix
(15) Rvbvjv I `iRv h_v¯’v‡b emv‡bv
(16) wj‡›Uj I mvb‡m‡Wi dg©v h_v¯’v‡b emv‡bv
(17) †jvnv h_v¯’v‡b emv‡bv
(18) wj‡›Uj I mvb‡mW ˆZixi Rb¨ KbwµU XvjvB
(19) dg©v miv‡bv
(20) Qv` ch©šÍ Muv_ybxi KvR
(21) Qv‡`i Rb¨ dg©v ˆZix
(22) Qv` XvjvB‡qi Rb¨ †jvnv h_v¯’v‡b emv‡bv
(23) Qv` XvjvB
(24) wfZ‡ii fivU KvR mgZj Kiv
(25) †g‡S BU weQv‡bv
(26) †g‡Si KbwµU XvjvB

129. 253 254
(27) †c‡U›U †÷vb †g‡S ˆZix
(28) cøv÷v‡ii KvR †kl Kiv
(29) `iRv-Rvbvjvq †jvnvi miÄvg jvMv‡bv
(30) RjQv` ˆZix
(31) PzbKvg
(32) is Kiv
(33) mvBU cwi®‹vi Kiv BZ¨vw`|
[2-0] evwoi bK&kv (cø¨vb) ˆZix‡Z mvaviY we‡eP¨ c‡q›Umg~n t
(1) GjvKv wfwRU Kiv n‡q‡Q wKbv, cvwicvwk¦©K mKj wKQy we‡ePbvq Avbv
n‡q‡Q wKbv|
(2) GjvKvq wewfbœ FZz‡Z myh©v‡jv‡K Ges evZv‡mi cÖfve|
(3) eM©vK…wZi iæ‡gi †P‡q AvqZvK…wZi iæg †ewk Dchy³|
(4) cqtcÖYvjx (Sanitation)
(5) Av‡jv (Lighting)
(6) µm †fw›U‡jkb (Cross Ventilation)
(7) GKvšÍZv (Privacy)
(8) myPviæZv (Elegance)
(9) mvkÖqx (Economy)
[3-0] evwoi iægmg~‡ni Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨ we‡eP¨ c‡q›Umg~n t
(1) †eW iæg
(2) Wªwqs/wjwfs iæg
(3) WvBwbs iæg
(4) Awdm A_ev ÷vwW iæg
(5) †M÷ iæg
(6) wK‡Pb
(7) †÷vi Ges †cw›Uª iæg ivbœv N‡ii KvQvKvwQ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
(8) m¤§y‡L eviv›`v Ges wcQ‡b eviv›`v _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
(9) mv‡f©›U iæg ivbœvN‡ii KvQvKvwQ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
(10) M¨v‡iR, bxP Zjvq cÖwZ †d¬v‡ii Rb¨ Kgc‡ÿ GKUv Mvox _vKvi RvqMv
cÖ‡qvRb|
[4-0] Avi.wm.wm. evwo Ges B‡Ui evwoi Zzjbvg~jK weeiYx t
bs 10

B‡Ui †`qv‡ji evwo bs Avi.wm.wm. evwo
(1) mgq euvwP‡q ZvovZvwo wbg©vY Kiv hvq| (1) †ewk mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb|
(2) f~wgK‡¤úi weiæ‡× Kg kw³kvjx| (2) f~wgK‡¤úi weiæ‡× kw³kvjx|
(3) 5 Zjv ch©šÍ mxgve×| (3) 40 Zjv ch©šÍ wbg©vY Kiv m¤¢e|
(4) 10
Ó
Iqv‡ji `iæb iæ‡gi RvqMv Kg
nq|
(4) 5
Ó
Iqv‡ji Rb¨ iæ‡gi †ewk
RvqMv|
(5) Iqvj 10
Ó
nIqvq iæg VvÛv _v‡K| (5) evwn‡ii Iqvj 5
Ó
nIqvq iæg
Mig|
(6) LiP cÖvq 5% Kg| (6) LiP cÖvq 5% †ewk|
(7) gReyZ Ges ¯’vqxZ¡ A‡cÿvK…Z Kg| (7) gReyZ Ges ¯’vqxZ¡ A‡cÿvK…Z
†ewk|
[5-0] evwoi we`y¨r, cvBc Ges Kv‡Vi KvR
 evwoi ˆe`y¨wZK KvR mvaviYZ t `yB cªKvit-
(K) Avf¨šÍixY (Internal) ˆe`y¨wZK KvR, (L) evwn¨K (External)
ˆe`y¨wZK KvR|
B‡jKwUªK Iqvwis t Bbmy‡jkb t (K) Zv‡ii Dci bb-KÛvKU‡ii
AveiY w`‡Z n‡e|
(L) GB AveiY mvaviYZ ivev‡ii (PVC)|
 Zwor cÖevn‡K †gvU wZbwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq t
(1) Single Phase (wms‡Mj †dR) (2) Two Phase (Uz †dR) (3) Three
Phase (w_ª †dR)
wet`ªt weZiY e¨e¯’vq cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx wewfbœ †d‡Ri ms‡hvM cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
 wb‡¤§ ˆe`y¨wZK Iqvwis Gi cÖKvi †f` t
(K) KbwmjW Iqvwis (Concealed Wiring)
(L) mvi‡dm Iqvwis (e¨vUb Øviv)
(M) mvi‡dm Iqvwis PVC Condiut or channel mn‡hv‡M|
†`qv‡j Grove KvUvt †`qvj †K‡U cvBc, e· emv‡bv n‡q _v‡K|

130. 255 256
 wbgœ ewY©Z D”PZvq B‡jKwUªK wdwUsmg~n ¯’vc‡bi cÖ‡qvRb t
bs weeiY (B‡jKwUªK wdwUsm) D”PZv
(1) †d¬vi †j‡fj n‡Z †gBb K‡›Uªv‡ji D”PZv = (5

-9

)
(2) †d¬vi †j‡fj n‡Z weZiY †evW© D”PZv = (5

-9

)
(3) ‡d¬vi †j‡fj n‡Z Iqv‡j jvBU wdwUs D”PZv = (8

-0

)
(4) †d¬vi †j‡fj n‡Z myBP †evW© Gi D”PZv = (4

-0

)
(5) ‡d¬vi †j‡fj n‡Z wmwjs d¨vb Socket 3 Pin
5/15AGi D”PZv
= (0

-9

)
(6) †d¬vi †j‡fj n‡Z wmwjs d¨vb Gi D”PZv = (8

-0

)
wet`ªt KbwmjW Iqvwis Gi Rb¨ (20 Gg.Gg. n‡Z 30 Gg.Gg.) Wvqv
wgUv‡ii wcwfwm cvBc e¨envi Kiv hyw³hy³|
 Iqvwis Gi Kv‡R wbgœ ewY©Z †Kv¤úvwbi ˆZix Zvi e¨envi hyw³hy³ t
(K) B÷vY© K¨vej, (L) we Avi we K¨vej, (M) c¨vivWvBm K¨vej, (N)
cwj K¨vej, (O) wmwU‡Rb K¨vej, (P) mvb mvBb K¨vej, BZ¨vw`|
 Iqvwis t mvaviYZ t Concealed wiring loop system Zvi ¯’vcb Kiv
hyw³hy³|
 Iqvwis Gi Rb¨ cvBc ¯’vc‡bi ci Kibxq t mKj cvBc ms‡hvM e·,
myBP †evW© Gg wW we I Gm wW we ¯’vc‡bi ci cøv÷vi KvR bv nIqv
ch©šÍ B‡jKwUªK wg¯¿x‡K A‡cÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cøv÷vi mgv‡ßi ci Kibxq t Avf¨šÍixY cøv÷vi mn wdwUs Gi KvR
mgvwßi ci B‡jKwUªK wg¯¿x mKj cvBc¸wj wR AvB Zv‡ii mvnv‡h¨
cwi®‹vi K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
wet`ªt myBP ms‡hvM t mKj myBP †ev‡W©i myBP ¸wj ms‡hvM KiZt †gBb †evW©
ch©šÍ ms‡hvM cÖ`v‡bi ci Iqvwis Insulation Test Kiv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb|
 Avw`s mZK©Zv t †h †Kvb fy‡j Zwor cÖevn ÎæwU †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i ZvB
Av_© ms‡hv‡Mi d‡j `yN©Ubv †_‡K †invB cvIqv m¤¢e|
 cvB‡ci KvR t evwo‡Z mvaviYZ t Pvi ai‡Yi cvB‡ci e¨envi n‡q
_v‡K| hv n‡jv t
(1) cvwb mieiv‡ni Rb¨ cvBc
(2) e„wói cvwb wbM©g‡bi cvBc
(3) gjg~Î wbM©g‡bi cvBc
(4) Kbmxj (Conseal) Iq¨vi-Gi Rb¨ cvBc|
 evwoi gqjv cvwb Ges gj wb®‹vk‡bi c×wZi K‡qKwU kã t
(K) wmD‡qR (Seweage), (L) wK‡Pb Iqvm, (M) wmDqvi (Sewer),
(N) †Wªb (Drain), (O) m‡qj cvBc (Soil Pipe), (P) I‡qó cvBc
(Waste Pipe)|
[6-0] Kv‡Vi KvR
 Kv‡Vi µwUmg~n (Defects of Timber):
(K) cÖvK…wZK ÎæwU (Natural Defect), (L) K…wÎg ÎæwU (Artificial Defect)
Kv‡Vi wmRwbs (Seasoning of timber):
 wmRwbs -Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv t
 Kv‡Vi ms‡KvPb Kgv‡q G‡K †eu‡K hvIqv ev †d‡U hvIqvi nvZ n‡Z iÿv
K‡i|
 KvV‡K †cvKv gvK‡oi AvµgY I cPb n‡Z iÿv Kiv|
 KvV‡K k³, `xN©¯’vqx nvjKv I Kvh©‡cv‡hvMx Kiv|
 Kv‡Vi wmRwbs c×wZ t
(K) cÖvK„wZK wmRwbs (Natural Seasoning)
(L) K…wÎg wmRwbs (Artificial Seasoning)
(M) cvwb wmRwbs (Water Seasoning)
 fv‡jv Kv‡Vi ¸Yv¸b t
(1) GwU k³, KwVb I ¯’vqx nIqv DwPr|
(2) GwU cÖvK…wZK I K…wÎg ÎæwU gy³ nIqv DwPr|
(3) GwU is GKiKg (uniform) Ges D¾j nIqv DwPr|
(4) hLb nvZzwo Øviv AvNvZ Kiv nq KLb GUv cwi®‹vi kã w`‡e|
(5) Kv‡Vi NbZ¡ †ewk nIqv DwPr| KviY NbZ¡ m¤úbœ KvV kw³kvjx I ¯’vqx
nq|
 KvV msiÿY t Kv‡Vi kµ n‡”Q bvbv cÖKvi †cvKv gvKo Ges
AvenvIqv|
 Avgv‡`i †`‡k wewfbœ e¨envwiK Mv‡Qi cwiPq I Zv‡`i e¨envi t
(1) Avg MvQ t GwU c¨vwKs ev·, mvUvwis Gi KvV BZ¨vw` Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(2) wmj KoB MvQ t AvmevecÎ, `iRv-Rvbvjv, cvjøv, †PŠKvV BZ¨vw`
ˆZix‡Z Kv‡R jv‡M|
(3) KuvVvj MvQ t AvmevecÎ, `iRv-Rvbvjv BZ¨vw` evbvB‡Z Kv‡R jv‡M|

131. 257 258
(4) †m¸b MvQ t GUv Nievwoi wewfbœ KvVv‡gv, AvmevecÎ BZ¨vw` Kv‡R
e¨eüZ nq|
(5) kvj t Zxi, †mZz, N‡ii `iRv, Rvbvjv, N‡ii LuywU ejøv cvBwjs BZ¨vw`
Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(6) my›`ix MvQ t G KvV w`‡q em©v, N‡ii LuywU, †g‡Si cvUvZb BZ¨vw` KvR
Kiv nq|
(7) wkï MvQ t G KvV N‡ii LuywU, Avov, AvmevecÎ BZ¨vw` KvR Kiv nq|
(8) †gnMwb MvQ t Gi AvmevecÎ, †iwjs BZ¨vw` Kv‡R jv‡M|
(9) Rvg MvQ t G KvV w`‡q em©v, Zxi, LuywU, `vo, Mvoxi PvKv BZ¨vw` ˆZix
Kiv nq|
(10) bxg MvQ t G KvV w`‡q Zxi, em©v BZ¨vw` ˆZix nq|
RvB‡c· Ges Bnvi e¨envi t
(K) RvB‡c· KvbvWvq ˆZix me©vaywbK IqvUvi cÖæwds wm‡g›U cvDWvi|
(L) Bnv gvwUi wb‡P ev Dc‡i †h‡Kv‡bv wj‡KR cÖwZ‡iva Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq|
(M) RjQv‡`i cwie‡Z© RvB‡c· Gi e¨envi LyeB Kvh©Kix|

[7-0] _v¤^ iæjm (Thumb Rules)
(1) wfwË (dvD‡Ûkb) m¤úwK©Z t
(K) hZ Zjv BgviZ wfwËi MfxiZv ZZ dzU n‡e|
A_©vr PviZjv Bgvi‡Zi Rb¨ 4 dzU gvwUi bx‡P wfwË w`‡Z n‡e|
(L) hZ Zjv BgviZ wfwËi cÖ¯’ ZZ 10 Bw n‡e|
A_©vr wZbZjv Bgvi‡Zi Rb¨ wfwËi cÖ¯’ 30 Bw n‡e|
(M) Bgvi‡Zi wcøš’ †j‡fj we`¨gvb iv¯Ívi †j‡fj †_‡K (1

-6

)-(2

-0

) Dc‡i|
(N) 5

cvwU©kv‡bi Iqv‡ji Rb¨ †Kv‡bv dvD‡Ûk‡bi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
(O) 10

B‡Ui †`qv‡ji KvVv‡gvi †P‡q RCC KvVv‡gv‡Z 15-20% LiP †ewk|
(P) m¤ú~b© BgviZ Li‡Pi 15% †jevi LiP|
(Q) fivU gvwU‡Z †g‡S XvjvB-Gi c~‡e© Kgc‡ÿ 1.5 gvm mgq Kgc¨vKkvb
Ki‡Z n‡e|
(R) B‡Ui mwjs evwj fwZ©i cwigvY n‡e cÖwZ 100 et dzt Gi Rb¨ 5 wmGdwU|
(S) 24 N›Uv ci wKDwis Gi Rb¨ cvwb e¨envi Kiv hv‡e|
(T) B‡Ui dvD‡Ûk‡bi gU©v‡i e¨eüZ wm‡g›U evwji AbycvZ (1t4)|
(U) wmwoi †÷‡ci mvBR t b~¨bZc‡ÿ (10

6

)|
(V) 5 Iqv‡j cÖwZ 10 dz‡Ui ci (10

10

) B‡Ui wcjvi w`‡Z n‡e|
(W) mvaviY Bgvi‡Zi RCC Kv‡Ri (Kjvg, wj‡›Uj, exg I ¯øve) AbycvZ
1t2t4|
(X) mvaviYZ t ex‡gi ˆ`N©¨ hZ dzU, ex‡gi MfxiZv ZZ Bw aiv nq|
†hgb 14 dzU †¯ú‡bi ex‡gi MfxiZv 14 Bw nq|
(Y) ex‡gi cÖ¯’ Kgc‡ÿ 10
″
n‡e|
(Z) hZdzU ¯ú¨v‡bi exg t Z‡Zvw`b ci mvUvwis †Lvjvi wbqg Z‡e me©wbb¥ 14
w`b|
(2) wm‡g›U cøv÷v‡ii Z_¨vw` wbb¥iƒc t
(K) †`qv‡ji cøv÷v‡ii cyiæZ¡ (Thickness) 1/2" Ges wm‡g›U evwji AbycvZ
(1t6)
(L) wmwjs, Kjvg, exg wmuwo, mvb‡mW BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ cyiæZ¡ 1/4" Ges AbycvZ
(1t4)
(M) c‡qw›Us G e¨eüZ gmjvi AbycvZ (1t2)
(3) f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi wiRvf©vi mvBR t
(K) GKZjv AvevwmK Bgvi‡Zi Rb¨ t (6

4

4

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(L) `yÕZjv AvevwmK Bgvi‡Zi Rb¨ t (6

5

5

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(M) wZbZjv AvevwmK Bgv‡Zi Rb¨ t (7

5

5

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(N) PviZjv AvevwmK Bgvi‡Zi Rb¨ t (9

6

5

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(4) Ifvi‡nW U¨vsK t
(K) (4

4

4

) A_©vr 400 M¨vjb ÿgZv m¤úbœ wR AvB cøvw÷K Gi MvRx
U¨vsK cÖ‡qvRb|
(L) cÖwZ Rb †jv‡Ki cÖwZw`‡b me©wbgœ 10 M¨vjb cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb|
(M) Qv` †_‡K Kgc‡ÿ 1.5 dzU D”PZvq U¨vswK ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|

132. 259 260
(5) †mcwUK U¨vs‡Ki mvBR t
(K) 10 Rb e¨enviKvix t (6

2

3.5

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(L) 30 Rb e¨enviKvix t (9

2

4.5

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(M) 100 Rb e¨enviKvix t (11

4-2

4.5

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(N) 250 Rb e¨enviKvix t (21

6

7-2

) (ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’  MfxiZv)
(6) wmuwo m¤úwK©Z t
(K) wmuwoi ivBRvi g‡a¨ 6

Ges †UªW b~b¨Zg 10

n‡Z n‡e|
(L) wmuwoi avc¸‡jvi PIov AšÍZ t 1175 wgt wgt (3

-9

) n‡Z n‡e|
(M) wmuwoi n¨vÛ †iB‡ji D”PZv 815 wg.wg. (2

-8

) nIqv DwPr|

(7) cÖv°jb (Cost Estimate) m¤úwK©Z t
(K) wcøš’ Gwiqv †iBU (evwo ˆZwii †d¬vi Gwiqv †iBU) t
1| MÖvDÛ †d¬vi UvKv 1,500/- n‡Z 2,000/- cÖwZ et dz‡U|
2| cÖ_g †d¬vi UvKv 2,000/- n‡Z 2,200/- cÖwZ et dz‡U|
3| wØZxq †d¬vi UvKv 2,200/- n‡Z 2,400/- cÖwZ et dz‡U|
4| Z…Zxq †d¬vi UvKv 2,200/- n‡Z 2,500/- cÖwZ et dz‡U|


wPÎ [3-7]t †`qv‡j wewfbœ cÖKvi c‡qw›Us-Gi Qwe|
(L) Bgvi‡Zi KvVv‡gvi A½wfwËK Zzjbvg~jK LiP t
1| gvwUi KvR 1.5%
2| dvD‡Ûkb 6%
3| DPC 0.5%
4| B‡Ui KvR 30%
5| Qv` 20%
6| †g‡S 6%
7| `iRv / Rvbvjv 16%
8| cøv÷vi I †cBw›Us 10%
9| wdwbwms 5%
10| wewea 5%

(L) Bgvi‡Zi A½wfwËK Zzjbvg~j LiP t
1| m¨vwbUvix Kv‡Ri LiP 15%
2| ˆe`y¨wZK Kv‡Ri LiP 9%
3| M¨v‡mi LiP 1%
4| KvVv‡gvi LiP 75%
100%

(M) GKwU mvaviY Bgvi‡Zi cÖwZ eM©dzU Gi Rb¨ wb‡gœv³ `ªe¨vw` cÖ‡qvRb t
(1) BU 48 wU
(2) wm‡g›U 0.14 e¨vM
(3) evwj 0.35 NbdzU
(4) iW 0.14 n›`i
(8) wWRvBb m¤úwK©Z
(K) †em Ges Iqv‡ji 1/3 D”PZv (bxP †_‡K) GKB w`‡b XvjvB Ki‡Z n‡e|

133. 261 262
(L) Rjvav‡ii mvBR, †em Ges Iqv‡ji i‡Wi cwigvY wbgœiƒc
Rjvav‡ii
mvBR
aviY ÿgZv
M¨vjb
Iqv‡ji
cyiæZ¡
Lvov iW
(Both faces)
evBÛvi WvqvMbvj
(6

4

4

) 600 4

3/8

@4

c/c 3/8

@9

c/c 3/8

@8

c/c
(8

4

5

) 1000 5

1/2

@6

c/c 3/8

@9

c/c 1/2

@12

c/c
(8

6

5

) 1500 5

1/2

@5

c/c 3/8

@7

c/c 1/2

@10

c/c
(10

6

5

) 1900 6

1/2

@4

c/c 3/8

@7

c/c 1/2

@8

c/c
(10

6

6

) 2250 6

1/2

@4

c/c 3/8

@6

c/c 1/2

@8

c/c

evsjv‡`‡k-wbg©vY mvgMÖx I wbg©vY Kv‡Ri ¸YMZgvb
cixÿv (†U÷) Kivi cÖwZôv‡bi bvgt
[wet`ªt GLv‡b wbg©vY mvgMÖx †hgbt BU, evjy, wm‡g›U, iW, KbwµU, dvD‡Ûkb I cvBj
†jvW †U÷ BZ¨vw` Kv‡Ri ¸YMZgvb cixÿv (†U÷) Kivi cÖwZôv‡bi bvg]
(1) ey‡qU (BUET)t evsjv‡`k cÖ‡KŠkj wek¦we`¨vjq, cyi‡KŠkj wefvM, XvKv|
(2) BDwbfvwm©wU Ae BwÄwbqvwis GÛ †UK‡bvjwRt cyi‡KŠkj wefvM, XvKv (DUET),
ivRkvnx (RUET), Lyjbv (KUET) Ges PÆMÖvg (CUET)|
(3) nvDwRs GÛ wewìs wimvP© Bbw÷wUDU (HBRI)t `viæm-mvjvg, wgicyi, XvKv-1216|
(4) GjwRBwW (LGED)t ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi (mKj †Rjvmg~‡ni Awdm)|
(5) weGmwUAvB (BSTI)t evsjv‡`k ó¨vÛvW© GÛ †Uw÷s Bbw÷wUDU, †ZRMuvI, XvKv|
cwiwkó-8 t
Typical RCC Section of a Building
(with reinforcement details)

134. 263 264

135. 265 266

136. 267 268

137. 269 270

138. 271 272

eB cwiwPwZ
BwÄwbqvi †gvnv¤§` Avjx wmwÏKx-Gi iwPZ wb¤œwjwLZ wmwfj BwÄwbqvwis eBmg~n
cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q (1998-2018 Bs) t cÖ_g eBt Building Construction &
Management with CPM (†deªæqvwi, 1998 Bs)| wØZxq eBt Current News of Civil
Engineering (gvP©, 1999 Bs)| Z…Zxq eBt wKfv‡e mn‡R evwo wbg©vY Ges mvBU
mycviwfkb Ki‡eb-‡R‡b wbb (me©‡kl ms¯‹iYt A‡±vei, 2018 Bs)| PZz_© eBt
evwoi ms¯‹vi/†givgZ/ iÿYv‡eÿY I cwi‡ek wbqš¿Y m¤ú‡K©- †R‡b wbb (†g, 2006
Bs)| cÂg eBt eB cÖKv‡ki wek eQi (†m‡Þ¤^i, 2016 Bs) Ges lô eBt wmwfj
BwÂwbqvi‡`i PvKzwii MvBW eB (A‡±vei, 2018 Bs)|
†jLK cwiwPwZ
BwÄwbqvi †gvnv¤§` Avjx wmwÏKx, gvZv- Av‡gbv †eMg I wcZv- giûg wmivRyj
Bmjvg, Kv÷gm& mycvi (Aet) mv‡n‡ei PZz_© cyÎ Ges giûg †gŠjfx K¡vix Ave`yj
gwR` mv‡n‡ei †`ŠwnÎ| wZwb 1963Bs mv‡j wkwÿZ I m¤£všÍ gymwjg cwiev‡i
Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvnvi Rb¥¯’vb MÖvgt cvwjkviv, _vbvt nvwRMÄ, †Rjvt Pvu`cyi| wZwb
Zvi MÖv‡gi evwo cvwjkviv nvB¯‹zj †_‡K 1978Bs mv‡j GmGmwm cixÿvq weÁvb
wefv‡M K…wZ‡Z¡i mv‡_ cÖ_g wefv‡M DËxY© nb (e„wËcÖvß)| AZci, 1980Bs mv‡j
Kzwgjøv wf‡±vwiqv miKvwi K‡jR †_‡K GBPGmwm cixÿvq weÁvb wefv‡M K…wZ‡Z¡i
mv‡_ cÖ_g wefv‡M DËxY© nb (e„wËcÖvß)|
cieZ©x‡Z wZwb evsjv‡`k cÖ‡KŠkj wek¦we`¨vjq (ey‡qU)-G e„wËmn Aa¨qb K‡ib Ges
1987 Bs mv‡j wmwfj BwÄwbqvwis-G ¯œvZK wWMÖx jvf K‡ib| wZwb 1982-1987
mvj ch©šÍ Kzwgjøv dvD‡Ûkb e„wË jvf K‡ib|
wZwb wewìs Kb÷ªvKkb GÛ g¨v‡bR‡g›U wel‡qi Dci †`‡k I we‡`‡k (_vBj¨vÛ,
wmDj †Kvwiqv 1994Bs) D”PZi cÖwkÿY MÖnY K‡ib| Avj-Avwgb Kb÷ªvKkb
†Kv¤úvwb (†g‡Uªv MÖæc)-Gi Aax‡b KY©dzwj weªR, wZ¯Ív weªR Ges PÆMÖvg †cvU©-cvK©
Kb‡UBbvi BqvW© wbg©vY Kv‡R cÖ‡R± †Kv-AwW‡bUi c‡` Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| wZwb
BWDB, PDB, BKSP, BRRI, CPA, RHD BZ¨vw` miKvwi cÖwZôv‡bi wbg©vY Kv‡R
cÖ‡R± Kbmvj‡U›U c‡` KvR K‡ib| BwÄwbqvm© Bbw÷wUDkb, evsjv‡`k (AvBBwe)
Ges G‡mvwm‡qkb Ae ey‡qU GjvgbvB-Gi AvRxeb m`m¨| wZwb Ògy³ AvKvkÓ KZ…©K
1917 mv‡j †jLK m¤§vbbv cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡i‡Qb|
wZwb 1998, 1999, 2002, 2006, 2016 Ges 2018 mv‡j cici 6wU wmwfj
BwÄwbqvwis eB cÖKvk K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b wZwb jx-†gwiwWq¨vb XvKv cÖ‡R± (cvuPZviv
†nv‡Uj)-Gi Pxd †KvqvwjwU K‡›Uªvj BwÄwbqvi c‡` Kg©iZ Av‡Qb| Zvi ¯¿x wg‡mm
†invbv wmwÏKx Ges GKgvÎ †Q‡j †gvt ivdmvb wmwÏKx, eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k cÖ‡KŠkj
wek¦we`¨vjq 3q el© wmwfj BwÄwbqvwis wefv‡M Aa¨qbiZ|