Barley processing

various processing methods in barley

1. BARLEY MILLING

2. INTRODUCTION Barley is one of the world’s oldest domesticated crops . BARLEY – HORDEUM VULGARE It is the world ‘s FOURTH most important cereal after rice , wheat , and maize. B arley is one excellent source of B – COMPELX VITAMINS and MINERALS. It is nutritionally poor due to low content of essential amino acids like lysine and threonine

3. Barley genotypes have been classified as hull less and hulled ones. hulled barley contains 3-7 percent beta glucans hull less contains 16 percent beta glucans CLASSIFICATION order – P oales family - P oaceae genus –Hordeum species - vulgare

4. BARLEY STRUCTURE

5. In India , production is largely confined to utter pradesh,punjab ,and H aryana. In H aryana , barley crops cover 58000 hectares of land area and total yield is 160,000 tones.

6. Objectives of milling: 1.Absence of sprouting. 2.Absence of discoloration due to weathering. 3.Freedom from fungal attack and insect infestation and damage. 4.Soundness of appearance. 5.Absence of undesirable aroma or flavor.

7. The harder types of barley is best for milling purpose because the hull and bran can easily be removed from endosperm by superficial abrasion particle will retain the shape of the whole grain. The softer grains are not better because they would tend and fragments, leading to a reduction in the yield of first quality products.

8. 1.CLEANING Machines similar to those used for wheat cleaning, The process of cleaning barley depends on the load of foreign materials that it contains . This operation aims to remove foreign materiel (sand, stones, metal, insects ,.). If the impurities are not eliminated, the quality of the product will be affected. It is to note that the metallic particles can damage machines . magnetic device, separator classifier, destoner, indented separator, scourer with an aspiration channel, dust collectors as filters

9. 2.CONDITIONING: A djustment of moisture content to about 15%by drying or damping and resting for 24 hour .

10. Blocking and pearling The hull of the barley is strongly attached to the pericarp. Both are abrasive process differing in the degree of removal of superficial layers. Blocking: Removal of the weakest part of the husk from the grain. Pearling: Removal of remaining of the husk and the separation of the endosperm.

11. The hull and aleurone layer of the barley is removed by rubbing with mill stone or emery. Dehusked barley is pearled . After third pearling bran is almost removed along with the aleurone layer. This product is graded and sold as ‘pot barley’ or ‘blocked barley’ . After 5-6 pearling the resulted pearl barley is small round and white . Pearled barley is usually used in soup making.

12. MIILING MACHINES Cylindrical mill stones. @450 rpm Abrasive disc with 6 -8 abrasives with carborendum or emery rolls.

13. 4 .ASPIRATION Aspiration of the pearled grain to removes the abraded portion and cutting of the blocked barley into grits. The blocked barley is first cut into grits and the grits are graded by size and then rounded in pearling machines. 5.BLEACHING Removal of aleurone layer ,it gives bluish color. Bleached with moisture and Sulphur dioxide. Blocked barley is fed into a vertical earthenware cylinder. Into which steam and Sulphur dioxide are injected.

14. The quantities used are 1-2%of moisture and0.04% of Sulphur dioxide Solution of sulphurous acid ,sodium disulphide Optimum time is 20-30min . Barley is binned for 12-24 hours for effective bleaching . Excessive quantities of Sulphur residue in the final product should be avoided.

15. 6.POLISHING: The pearl barley is polished on machines similar to those used for pearling but equipped with stones made of hard white sandstone instead of emery composition. The average yield of barley is 67% of the whole barley.

16. Barley grits: Blocked barley cut into portions are called grits. They are rounded in pearling machines then polished. Barley flour: Barley flour is milled from blocked and pearled barley. Machines same as that used for wheat mill.

17. BARLER TYPES PEARL BARLEY ORIGINAL WHOLE GRAIN BLOCKED BARLEY EXTRACTION RATE 82% 55% 59%

18. USES OF BARLEY: 1.Lowering blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol. 2.Promoting weight loss. 3.Increasing strength and endurance.

19. Thank you DONE BY: EZHIL S BTM18011