Basics COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS Unit I.pptx

Basic Fundamentals of computer for learners

1. e -LEARNING FROM HOME SUBJECT:-COMPUTER FUNDAMENTAL UNIT:-1 BY:- PROF.MOHD RIZVAN MALIQ (COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RURAL TECHNOLOGY MEERUT)

2. Definition :- A computer is an electronic device which receives the data from the user as input, process it & give the results as an output. User can store the result or send from one place to another between more than one user. Block Diagram :- Input Deceives:- mouse, keyboard, joystick, barcode reader etc. Output Devices:- monitor, projector, speaker, headphone etc. COMPUTER AND ITS INTRODUCTION Input ALU CU MU Output

3. It is known as the brain of the computer which Is used for process the input data provided by the user to the computer system. Before process the input is known as the raw data, but after process it is known as information. The CPU consist of three component i -e a. ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) b. CU(Control Unit) c. MU(Memory Unit) ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit):- It is responsible for Arithmetic and logical operations. Ex. Add, Sub , Mul , Div(Arithmetic) Compare, Bitwise Operator, And, Or etc.(Logical) What is CPU(central processing unit):-

4. CU (Control Unit):- It is responsible for controlling all the activities whatever is running in to the system. It controls every thing by generating the control signals. MU(Memory Unit):- It is responsible for storing the data whether it is inside or outside of the system. It has following two types i -e Primary memory, Secondary Memory Memory Primary memory Secondary Memory RAM, ROM DISK, PENDRIVE, HARD DISK

5. RAM(Random Access Memory ) Static RAM Dynamic RAM ROM(Read Only Memory) P ROM EP ROM EEP ROM

6. The computer has many characteristics which is mention below a. Speed b. Accuracy c. Versatility d. Power of Remembering e. No feeling f. No IQ g. Storage Characteristics of Computer

7. The first computer system was Abacus(counting device) Napier Bones(multiplication) Pascaline(1 st adding device) Analytical Engine(1 st General purpose computer) Tabulating Machine(1 st Electro mechanical machine) ENIAC(1 st digital computer) EDSAC(1 st computer with storage) UNIVAC(General Purpose Electricity) History of computer

8. 1 st Generation(1940-56)- Made of Vacuum Tubes Ex- Mark1,ENIAC 2 nd Generation(1956-63)- Made of Transistors Ex- IBM 1401 3 rd Generation(1963-71)- Made of IC Ex- FORTRAN,COBOL 4 th Generation(1971-present)- Made of VLSI Ex- Machine tosh 5 th Generations- Parallel processing(Made of SLSI) EX- AI, Robotics Generations of Computer

9. The Computer are classified on three basis which is mention below. Classification of Computer Classification of computer On the basis of size On the basis of work On the basis of purpose Mini computer Micro computer Main Frame computer Super computer Analog Computer Digital computer Hybrid Computer General purpose Special purpose

10. There are multiple operations performed by the computer/processors. a. Instruction fetch b. Instruction Decode c. Instruction Execute d. Instruction Store e. Read and Write operation Computer Operations/Processor Operations

11. There are five classic components are discussed below a. Data path:- through which data is coming to the system. b. Control:- generate control signals to maintain the system under control. c. Memory:- use to store the data. d. Input:- External devices to provide instruction to the system. e. Output:- Devices use to store the results. Components of PC

12. It is all about to study of the CPU and its Front Part and Back Part. Go through page number 37,40,41 in your book(M.P Singh) and see the diagram and copy it in your note book. Assignment Questions: Q1. What is Computer System? Q2. Explain the System Unit with the diagram. Q3. Write five Input Devices and explain its working principal? Q4. Explain computer Operations? Q5. Explain characteristics of computer? Q6. Explain Processor with its Block Diagram? Q7. Solve the objectives of previous year? System Unit