Basics of Surgery for 5th semester medical students

Surgery basic slides

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یحارـــ ج


تاـــساـــسا

2. REVIEW… HISTORY TAKING
Diagnosis:
History Taking , Physical Examination , Laboratory examination & Imaging.
History Taking , Physical Examination:
Primary diagnosis.
Laboratory examination & Imaging:
Final diagnosis or clinical diagnosis
Treatment
Medical or surgical
Prognoses
Outcome
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3. Lecture 3 درخ و ناج دنوادخ مانب
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Aseptic technique
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5. Aseptic technique
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6. Aseptic technique
Aseptic technique :
Asepsis
Antisepsis
Brave surgery
Cycle of infection
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7. Aseptic technique
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8. Anti sepsis
Antisepsis:
Anti –sepsis
1.Physical
2.Mechanical
3.Chemical
4.Biological
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9. Aseptic technique
1-Physical:
Worse situation for microbes
oDrainage & Drain
oTampon
oGama Ray
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10. Aseptic technique
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12. Aseptic technique
2-Mechanical:
Prohibition of micro organism
oDebridement
oExcision
oForeign body
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13. Aseptic technique
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15. Aseptic technique
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16. Aseptic technique
Biological:
Bacteria
Toxin
Immunity system
Antibiotic & Anti fungal
Antitoxin
Vaccine , Globulin & transfusion
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17. Aseptic technique
Biological:
Antibiotic & Anti fungal
Bacteria
Fungus
Synthetic
Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
Wide effect -AB
Determinate effect -AB
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18. Aseptic technique
Pharmacodynamics:
oPause of cell wall synthesis
oCell membrane osmosis
oProtein synthesis
oNucleic acids synthesis
Direction of advice of AB:
oTime , quality , quantity , dosage
oPrice , culture , side effect
oPharmacokinetic
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19. Aseptic technique
AB Resistances:
Bacterial enzyme
Cell membrane osmosis
Bacterial structure change
Bacterial metabolism change
bacterial enzyme change
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20. Aseptic technique
4-Chemical:
Chemical material:
Alcohol
Halogens
Oxidizing agents
Acids
Heavy metals
Phenol related compounds
Aldehyde
Nitrofurantoin
Others
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21. Aseptic technique
Alcohol:
Ethyl alcohol :
o50-70%
oDisinfection
oDressing
owound washing
o30 d c
o1-2 min
Tymole& Aniline
Isopropyl alcohol
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22. Aseptic technique
Halogens:
Iodine:
oGermicide
o1:20000
o1 min -bacteria
o15 min –spore
oOperative area & hand
Not metallic materials
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23. Aseptic technique
Polyvinylpyrolidon ( Povidone –Iodine):
oFree iodine
oPomade , cream , solution
oHand & operative area scrap
oWounds
Chlorine:
oHypochlorus acid
oBactericidal & Surgical materials
oWater disinfection
Chloric acid : Sol 2%
Chloric amine : Cl 25% , sol 1-5%
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24. Aseptic technique
Oxidizing agents:
Hydrogen peroxide H2o2:
oFree O2
oLiquid 2-3%
oHemostasis & Foreign body
oAnaerobe bacteria
K. Permanganate :
oViolet crystals
o0.5% -2.5%
oFree O2
oWounds & Dressing
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25. Aseptic technique
Acids:
Uric acid:
oCrystal solution
2% solution for :
oMucus membrane
oInfected Wounds
Ascetic acid:
o0.25% solution
oInfected wounds
oBactericidal & Bacteriostatic
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26. Aseptic technique
Heavy metals:
Mercury bi chloride:
o0.1% Watery Solution
oPigmented
oOnly for hand scrap
Mercury Crum:
o25% Hg , red color
oCoccus , burns
o1-10% solution
Silver nitrate:
o1/500 -1/1000 % solution -bladder
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27. Aseptic technique
Phenol related compounds :
Pure phenol:
oWhite crystals
oDisinfectant , Toxic
o5% for sterilization
Hexachlorophene:
oCrystal powder & Solution
oAntiseptic
oHand scrap
Dettol & Lysol
Blood & tissue
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29. Aseptic technique
Aldehyde:
Pharm aldehyde:
o1-10% solution
o20-30 min –bacteria
o1-6 h –spore
oMetallic materials
Gluter aldehyde:
oWatery & Alcoholic solution
o2% solution
oMetallic materials
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30. Aseptic technique
Other chemical antiseptics:
Rivanol:
oPowdery crystal
o1/2000
Methylene blue:
o2% alcoholic solution-burns
o0.2% watery solution-cavity
Chlorhexedine:
oGreat disinfectant
oHand scrap & Surgical materials
Aniline , Sulphonamide
Idoform& Furacilin
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31. Aseptic technique
Chemical:
Chemical material:
Alcohol
Halogens
Oxidizing agents
Acids
Heavy metals
Phenol related compounds
Aldehyde
Nitrofurantoin
Others
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