Battery ignition system

Battery Ignition System Presentation

1. PRESENTATION
NAME: UmairKhan
ROLL#1468-2018
SUBJECT: IC Engine (Lab)
SEMESTER: 5
th
Semester
DEPARTMENT:FEST
TEACHER NAME:Sir OwaisAli
Topic: Battery Ignition System

2. Battery Ignition System
BatteryIgnitionSystemisusedinanautomobileto
produceasparkinthesparkplugwiththehelpof
Battery.Itisgenerallyusedinthe4-wheelervehiclebut
nowadaysitisalsousedintwo-wheelervehiclewhere6-
voltor12-voltbatterysuppliesthecurrenttotheignition
coil.

4. Components of Battery Ignition System
1.Ignition Switch:
It is used for ON or OFF the engine. One end of the
switch is connected with the Primary Winding of Ignition
Coil via Ballast Resistor, and another end is connected
with the Battery.

5. 2. Battery
Thebatteryisprovidedforsupplytheinitialcurrenttothe
ignitionsystemmorespecificallyignitioncoil.Generally,
thevoltageofthebatteryis6Vor12Vor24V.Inan
automobiletherearetwotypesofBatteryusewidely,
oneislead-acidbatteryandanotheroneisthealkaline
battery.AlthoughthereareZincAcidBatteryand
Lithium-IonBatteryisusedinmodernvehicles.

6. 3. Ignition Coil
Itisthemainjunctionoryoucansaythemainpartof
BatteryIgnitionSystem.Themainpurposeofitistostep
upbatteryvoltagesothatitissufficientforgenerates
thespark.

7. 4. Ballast resistor
Thisisusedtolimitthecurrentintheignitioncircuitand
generallymadeofIron.Itisplacedinseriesbetweenthe
IgnitionSwitchandIgnitionCoil.However,itisusedinold
automobilevehicles.

8. 5. Contact Breaker
Thecontactbreakerisanelectricalswitchwhichis
regulatedbythecamandwhenthebreakerisopen,
currentflowsthroughthecondenserandchargesit.

9. 6. Distributor
Itisusedinthemulti-cylinderengine,anditspurposeisto
regulatesparkineachsparkplugatthecorrect
sequence.
Therearetwotypesofdistributors.
CarbonBrushType
GapType

10. 7. Capacitor
Acapacitorisastoringdevicewhereelectricalenergyis
stored.Itisfittedparalleltothecontactbreaker,when
thecurrentdropsthenitsuppliedtheadditionalcurrent
sothatthesparkisproduced.Itismadeoftwometal
platesseparatedbyairoranyotherinsulatingmaterial.

11. 8. Spark Plug
SparkPlugisanotherimportantpartofBatteryIgnition
system.HeretheactualSparkisgeneratedforthe
combustionofFuelorCharge.Ifthereismorethenone
sparkplugexiststheneachoneisconnectedseparately
withthedistributorandgivesthesparkinthesequence.

12. Working Principle of Battery Ignition
System:
InBatteryIgnitionSystem,whentheIgnitionSwitchisturned
onthenthecurrentwillflowstotheprimarycircuitthrough
ballastregister,primarywindingandcontactbreaker
Theflowingcurrentinducedamagneticfieldaroundthe
primarywinding,themorecurrentwesupplythemore
magneticfiledwillgenerate.Atacertaintime,thecontact
breakeropensthecurrentisflowingthroughtheprimary
windingandfall.Thissuddenfallofcurrentgeneratesvery
highvoltagearound300Vintheprimarywindingsection.

13. Duetothisimmenseamountofvoltagethecapacitor
comesintothechargingstatewhenthecapacitor
chargedfullythenitstartsdeliveringthecurrenttowards
thebattery,duetothisreverseflowingofthecurrent
andalreadyinducedmagneticfieldintheprimary
winding,averyhighvoltageof15000Vto30000Vis
generatedinthesecondarywinding.
Thishighvoltagecurrentthentransferredtothe
distributorviahightensioncable,wherealreadyarotor
rotatesinsidethedistributorcapandhasmetallic
segmentsembedded onit.Sowhenitsstartrotating
thenatacertainstageitopensthecontactbreaker
pointwhichallowsthehighvoltagecurrentto
transferredtothesparkplugsthroughthemetallic
segments.

14. AdvantagesofBatteryIgnitionSystem:
ThesearethefollowingadvantagesofBatteryIgnition
System:
Theintensityofsparkisgood.
Itcanalsoprovideahighconcentrationofsparkevenin
lowenginespeedorstartingofEngine.
Themaintenanceofthisignitionsystemisveryless
comparedtoothers.

15. Disadvantages of Battery Ignition
System:
Thedisadvantagesare:
Efficiencydecreasedwithareductioninsparkintensity.
Occupiesmorespace.
NeedperiodicmaintenanceisneededforBatteryonly.

16. Applications of Battery Ignition System:
Hereistheapplicationofit:
BatteryIgnitionSystemisusedinAutomobile(Car,Bus,
TruckevenintheBike)toproducetheSparksothat
Combustionfuelcanbeburned.