bdms unit importants in MBA 3 rd sem in marketingem

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1. Management:Wecandefinemanagementinmanywayslike,
“ManageManTactfully”orManagementisanartofgettingthings
donebyothers.
However,forthepurposeofManagementInformationSystem,
managementcomprisestheprocessandactivitythatamanagerdoes
intheoperationoftheirorganization,i.e.,toplan,organize,directand
controloperations.
Management

5. Dataisanindividualunitthatcontainsrawmaterials
whichdonotcarryanyspecificmeaning.
Informationisagroupofdatathatcollectivelycarries
alogicalmeaning.Datadoesn'tdependon
information.
Data and Information

6. Management Information System(MIS) is an integrated man/machine
system for providing information to hold up the operations, management
and decision making functions in an organization.
G.B. Davis
A formal method of collecting timely information in a presentable form in
order to facilitate effective decision making and implementation, in order to
carry out organisational operations for the purpose of achieving the
organisational goals.
Walter I. Kennevan

7. Giving an overall picture of the company and
acting as a communication and planning tool
Why MIS

8. Companiesareabletohighlighttheirstrengthsand
weaknessesduetothepresenceofrevenuereports,
employeesperformancerecordetc.Theidentificationof
theseaspectscanhelpthecompanyimprovetheirbusiness
processesandoperations
Why MIS

9. Informationisconsideredtobeanimportantasset
foranycompanyinthemoderncompetitiveworld.
Theconsumerbuyingtrendsandbehaviorscanbe
predictedbytheanalysisofsalesandrevenue
reportsfromeachoperatingregionofthecompany.
Why MIS

10. Theavailabilityofthecustomerdataand
feedbackcanhelpthecompanytoaligntheir
businessprocessesaccordingtotheneedsofthe
customers.Theeffectivemanagementof
customerdatacanhelpthecompanyto
performdirectmarketingandpromotion
activities
Why MIS

13. DSS
●Adecisionsupportsystem(DSS)isacomputerizedsystem
thatgathersandanalyzes data,synthesizing itto
producecomprehensiveinformationreports.
●Adecision supportsystemdiffersfromanordinary
operationsapplication,whosefunctionisjusttocollect
data.
●Decision support systems allow formoreinformed
decision-making,timelyproblem-solving, andimproved
efficiency indealing withissues oroperations,
planning,andevenmanagement

15. Components of DSS can be categorized as:
●Inputs: Records, Data factors, numbers, and characteristics
for analyzing.
●UserKnowledge and Expertise : To run the proper functioning
and provide inputs, the user must know how to use the system.
●User Interface: DSS should support model construction and
model analysis by providing a well -structured user interface.
●Decisions: Based on user requirements, results are generated
by the Decision Support System.

17. Types of dss
●1.Data-driven
●DecisionSupportSystemincludesfiledrawersystems,
dataanalyticssystems,analyticalinformationsystems,
data storage systems and emphasizes access and
manipulationoflargestructureddatadatabases.
●2.Model-driven
●DecisionSupportSystemmodelcomesfromavarietyof
fieldsorspecialties andcouldinclude accounting
models, financial models, representative models,
optimizationmodels,etc.

18. Types of dss
●3. Knowledge-driven
●This Knowledge-driven focuses on knowledge and advise
managers to take action on the basis of a certain knowledge
base analysis. Predefined facts, Stored procedures, rules,
and limitations are also referred to solve problems. It also
has special expertise in problem -solving and is closely
associated with data mining.
●4. Document-driven
●This system helps managers obtain and manage unstructured
documents and web pages by integrating a range of storage
and processing technologies to provide a complete review of
documents and analysis.

22. A system is “an orderly grouping of
interdependent components linked together
according to a plan to achieve a specific
goal.”
What is a System?

23. Constraints of a System
Asystemmusthavethreebasicconstraints−
●Asystemmusthavesomestructureandbehavior
whichisdesignedtoachieveapredefinedobjective.
●Interconnectivityandinterdependencemustexist
amongthesystemcomponents.

24. Interdependence
Interdependencemeanshowthecomponentsof
asystemdependononeanother.Forproper
functioning,thecomponentsarecoordinated
andlinkedtogetheraccordingtoaspecified
plan.Theoutputofonesubsystemisthe
requiredbyothersubsystemasinput.

25. Interaction
Itisdefinedbythemannerinwhichthe
componentsoperatewitheachother.
Forexample,inanorganization,purchasing
departmentmustinteractwithproduction
departmentandpayrollwithpersonnel
department.

26. Integration
Integration is concerned with how a system
components are connected together. It
means that the parts of the system work
together within the system even if each part
performs a unique function.

27. Central Objective
Theobjectiveofsystemmustbecentral.Itmaybereal
orstated.Itisnotuncommonforanorganizationto
stateanobjectiveandoperatetoachieveanother.
Theusersmustknowthemainobjectiveofacomputer
applicationearlyintheanalysisforasuccessfuldesign
andconversion.

28. Types of Systems-Physical or Abstract Systems
●Physicalsystemsaretangibleentities.Wecantouchandfeelthem.
PhysicalSystemmaybestaticordynamicinnature.Forexample,
desksandchairsarethephysicalpartsofcomputercentrewhichare
static.Aprogrammedcomputerisadynamicsysteminwhich
programs,data,andapplicationscanchangeaccordingtotheuser's
needs.
●Abstractsystemsarenon-physicalentitiesorconceptualthatmaybe
formulas,representationormodelofarealsystem.

29. Open and Closed system
●Anopensystemmustinteractwithitsenvironment.Itreceivesinputs
fromanddeliversoutputstotheoutsideofthesystem.Forexample,an
informationsystemwhichmustadapttothechangingenvironmental
conditions.
●Aclosedsystemdoesnotinteractwithitsenvironment.Itisisolated
fromenvironmentalinfluences.Acompletelyclosedsystemisrarein
reality.

30. Adaptive and Non Adaptive System
●Adaptive System responds to the change in the environment in a way to
improve their performance and to survive. For example, human beings,
animals.
●Non Adaptive System is the system which does not respond to the
environment. For example, machines.

31. Deterministic and Probabilistic System
●Deterministic system operates in a predictable manner and the interaction
between system components is known with certainty. For example, two
molecules of hydrogen and one molecule of oxygen makes water.
●Probabilistic System shows uncertain behaviour. The exact output is not
known. For example, Weather forecasting, mail delivery.

32. Man-made information systems
●Formal Information System: It is based on the flow of information in the form
of memos, instructions, etc., from top level to lower levels of management.
●Informal Information System: This is employee based system which solves
the day to day work related problems.
●Computer Based System: This system is directly dependent on the computer
for managing business applications. For example, automatic library system,
railway reservation system, banking system, etc.

37. Thesystem-developmentlifecycleenables
userstotransformanewly-developedproject
intoanoperationalone.
TheSystemDevelopmentLifeCycle,"SDLC"
forshort,isamultistep,iterativeprocess,
structuredinamethodicalway.Thisprocess
isusedtomodelorprovideaframeworkfor
technicalandnon-technicalactivitiesto
deliveraqualitysystemwhichmeetsor
exceedsabusiness"sexpectationsormanage
decision-makingprogression.

38. ThepurposeofanSDLCmethodologyistoprovide
ITProjectManagerswiththetoolstohelpensure
successfulimplementationofsystemsthatsatisfy
Universitystrategicandbusinessobjectives.
Thedocumentationprovidesamechanismtoensure
thatexecutiveleadership,functionalmanagersand
userssign-offontherequirementsand
implementationofthesystem.Theprocessprovides
UniversityProjectManagerswiththevisibilityof
design,development,andimplementationstatus
neededtoensuredeliveryontimeandwithinbudget.

40. Planning
Analysis
DesignImplementation
Maintenance

41. Define the problem and scope of existing system.
Overview the new system and determine its
objectives.
Confirm project feasibility and produce the
project Schedule.
During this phase, threats, constraints,
integration and security of system are also
considered.
A feasibility report for the entire project is
created at the end of this phase.

42. Gather, analyze, and validate the information.
Define the requirements and prototypes for new
system.
Evaluate the alternatives and prioritize the
requirements.
Examine the information needs of end-user and
enhances the system goal.
A Software Requirement Specification (SRS)
document, which specifies the software, hardware,
functional, and network requirements of the
system is prepared at the end of this phase.

43. Includesthedesignofapplication,network,
databases,userinterfaces,andsysteminterfaces.
TransformtheSRSdocumentintologicalstructure,
whichcontainsdetailedandcompletesetof
specificationsthatcanbeimplementedina
programminglanguage.
Createacontingency,training,maintenance,and
operationplan.
Reviewtheproposeddesign.Ensurethatthefinal
designmustmeettherequirementsstatedinSRS
document.
Finally,prepareadesigndocumentwhichwillbe
usedduringnextphases.

44. Implement the design into source code through
coding.
Combine all the modules together into training
environment that detects errors and defects.
A test report which contains errors is prepared
through test plan that includes test related
tasks such as test case generation, testing
criteria, and resource allocation for testing.
Integrate the information system into its
environment and install the new system.

45. Includealltheactivitiessuchasphonesupportor
physicalon-sitesupportforusersthatisrequired
oncethesystemisinstalling.
Implementthechangesthatsoftwaremight
undergooveraperiodoftime,orimplementany
newrequirementsafterthesoftwareisdeployedat
thecustomerlocation.
Italsoincludeshandlingtheresidualerrorsand
resolveanyissuesthatmayexistinthesystem
evenafterthetestingphase.
Maintenanceandsupportmaybeneededfora
longertimeforlargesystemsandforashorttime
forsmallersystems.