BEHAVIOUR THERAPY AND SPEECH THERAPY.pptx

behavioral therapy

1. BEHAVIOUR THERAPY AND SPEECH THERAPY BY ARUN V NAIR

2. Introduction Behavioral therapy  is an umbrella term for types of therapy that treat  mental health disorders . This form of therapy looks to identify and help change potentially self-destructive or unhealthy behaviors. It’s based on the idea that all behaviors are learned and that behaviors can be changed. The focus of treatment is often on current problems and how to change them.

3. Who can benefit from behavioral therapy Behavioral therapy can benefit people with a wide range of disorders. People most commonly look for behavioral therapy to treat: D epression , anxiety , panic disorders disorders involving excessive anger, like  intermittent explosive disorder It can also help treat conditions and disorders like: eating disorders , post-traumatic stress disorder , bipolar disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) phobias , including social phobias obsessive compulsive disorder self-harming behavior , like cutting substance use disorders

4. Types of behavioural therapy Cognitive behavioural therapy Cognitive behavioural therapy   is extremely popular. It combines behavioural therapy, which focuses on patterns of action, with cognitive therapy, which focuses on patterns of thought. Treatment is centred around how your thoughts and beliefs influence your actions and moods. It often focuses on your current problems and how to solve them. The long-term goal is to build thinking and behavioural patterns that help you achieve a better quality of life.

5. Types of behavioural therapy Cognitive behavioural play therapy Cognitive behavioural play therapy is commonly used as a treatment for mental health conditions in children. By watching a child play, a therapist is able to gain insight into what a child is uncomfortable expressing or unable to express. Children may be able to choose their own toys and play freely. They might be asked to draw a picture or use toys to create scenes in a sandbox. Therapists may teach parents how to use play to improve communication with their children. In this form of play therapy, the therapist also takes a more direct approach by working with both the child and the caregivers to teach the child how to cope well and achieve their defined goals. The therapist is doing more than just watching the child play.

6. Types of behavioural therapy Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) ACT is a type of  psychotherapy  that includes behavioral analysis performed by a mental health clinician. While sometimes compared with CBT, ACT has its own specific approach. ACT is based on relational frame theory, which focuses on mental processes and human language. In ACT, people are taught  mindfulness  skills and acceptance strategies with the goal of increasing psychological flexibility. Additionally, commitment and behavior change methods are used.

7. Types of behavioural therapy Dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) DBT was created by Dr. Marsha Linehan to help treat the symptoms of  borderline personality disorder (BPD) , an emotional regulation disorder marked by suicidal behaviour, depression, unstable personal relationships, and other symptoms. DBT can also be helpful for conditions other than BPD.

8. Types of behavioural therapy Aversion therapy Aversion therapy is often used to treat disorders like substance use disorder and  alcohol use disorder . It works by teaching people to associate a stimulus (something that triggers a response) that’s pleasant but unhealthy with an extremely unpleasant stimulus. The unpleasant stimulus may be something that causes discomfort. For example, a therapist may teach you to associate alcohol with an unpleasant memory.

9. Speech Therapy Speech therapy is the assessment and treatment of communication problems and speech disorders. It is performed by speech-language pathologists (SLPs), which are often referred to as speech therapists. Speech therapy techniques are used to improve communication. These include articulation therapy, language intervention activities, and others depending on the type of speech or  language disorder . Speech therapy may be needed for  speech disorders  that develop in childhood or  speech impairments  in adults caused by an injury or illness, such as  stroke  or  brain injury .

10. Need of speech therapy A rticulation disorders.  An articulation disorder is the inability to properly form certain word sounds. A child with this speech disorder may drop, swap, distort, or add word sounds. An example of distorting a word would be saying “ thith ” instead of “this”. Fluency disorders.  A fluency disorder affects the flow, speed, and rhythm of speech.  Stuttering  and cluttering are fluency disorders. A person with stuttering has trouble getting out a sound and may have speech that is blocked or interrupted, or may repeat part of all of a word. A person with cluttering often speaks very fast and merges words together. Resonance disorders.  A resonance disorder occurs when a blockage or obstruction of regular airflow in the nasal or oral cavities alters the vibrations responsible for voice quality. It can also happen if the velopharyngeal valve doesn’t close properly. Resonance disorders are often associated with  cleft palate , neurological disorders, and  swollen tonsils .

11. Need of speech therapy Receptive disorders.  A person with receptive language disorder has trouble understanding and processing what others say. This can cause you to seem uninterested when someone is speaking, have trouble following directions, or have a limited vocabulary. Other language disorders,  autism ,  hearing loss , and a head injury can lead to a receptive language disorder. Expressive disorders.  Expressive language disorder is difficulty conveying or expressing information. If you have an  expressive disorder , you may have trouble forming accurate sentences, such as using incorrect verb tense. It’s associated with developmental impairments, such as Down syndrome and hearing loss. It can also result from head trauma or a medical condition.

12. Need of speech therapy Cognitive-communication disorders.  Difficulty communicating because of an injury to the part of the brain that controls your ability to think is referred to as cognitive-communication disorder. It can result in  memory issues , problem solving, and  difficulty speaking , or listening. It can be caused by biological problems, such abnormal brain development, certain neurological conditions, a brain injury, or stroke. Aphasia.  This is an acquired communication disorder that affects a person’s ability to speak and understand others. It also often affects a person’s ability to read and write. Stroke is the most  common  cause of aphasia, though other  brain disorders  can also cause it. Dysarthria.  This condition is characterized by slow or slurred speech due to a weakness or inability to control the muscles used for speech. It’s most commonly caused by nervous system disorders and conditions that cause  facial paralysis  or throat and tongue weakness, such as  multiple sclerosis (MS) ,  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) , and stroke.

13. Conclusion Speech therapy is the  evaluation and treatment of speaking problems and speech disorders . It is done by speech-language pathologists (SLPs), which are often referred to as speech therapists. Different techniques are used in speech therapy to improve communication. Behaviour therapy  or  behavioural psychotherapy  is a broad term referring to clinical  psychotherapy  that uses techniques derived from  behaviourism  and/or  cognitive psychology .

14. References Antony, M.M., & Roemer, E. (2003). Behaviour therapy. In A.S. Gurman & S.B. Messer (Eds.), Essential psychotherapies (2nd ed., pp. 182-223). New York: Guilford.  Shinohara, Kiyomi; Honyashiki , Mina; Imai, Hissei ; Hunot , Vivien; Caldwell, Deborah M.; Davies, Philippa; Moore, Theresa H. M.; Furukawa, Toshi A.; Churchill, Rachel (2013-10-16).  "Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression" . The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews  Agars, W. Stewart., Alan E. Kazdin , and G. Terence Wilson. Behaviour Therapy: Toward an Applied Clinical Science. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, 1979. Print.   Schnieder , B.H. & Bryne , B.M. (1985). Children's social skills training: A meta-analysis. In B.H. Schneider, K. Rubin, & J.E. Ledingham (Eds.) Children's Peer relations: Issues in assessment and intervention (pp. 175–90).