Behavioural Mapping ppt in which different case studies are performed

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1. Behavioural and Social Auditing Literature study Submitted by: Shweta Choudhary

2. Behavioural Auditing This concept emerged in the 1970s and focuses on the decision-making behaviours of auditors. It examines how auditors gather and evaluate evidence, considering factors like heuristics and cognitive biases that influence their judgments. The goal is to understand how auditors’ behaviours impact the audit process and outcomes. A behavioural audit is a comprehensive evaluation of a product, service, or company initiative, grounded in behavioural science research. Developed by Jason Hreha , an applied behavioural scientist, this method scrutinizes the factors that may impact human behaviour, decision-making, and motivation within an organization or its target audience. The primary objective of a behavioural audit is to identify potential areas of improvement and offer evidence-based recommendations for enhancing performance , user experiences, and fostering positive behavioural change. By employing behavioural science principles and insights, organizations can gain a deeper understanding of the psychological, social, and emotional factors that influence behaviour and make well-informed decisions to support their strategic objectives. Behavioural and Social Auditing

3. Social auditing  It evaluates factors such as charitable giving, volunteer activities, energy use, transparency, work environment, and worker pay and benefits. Social audit is a tool that helps government departments and organizations plan, manage, and measure their non-financial activities. It looks at both the positive and negative impacts of these activities on people and communities. Essentially, it provides a way to understand how well an organization is meeting its social goals and serving the public. By reviewing how well an organization follows its stated values and goals, social audits assess its social, economic, and environmental benefits. This process involves regular checks and feedback from various stakeholders like employees, clients, and the general public to ensure the organization is truly benefiting society.

4. INTENT : The primary goal is to review and categorize behavioural auditing research from 1990-2010, focusing on: Audit review and documentation Decision-making and auditor judgment Auditor characteristics and performance Auditor-client relationship 1. Contemporary Issues in Behavioural Auditing: A Review of Behavioural Audit Research Muhasebe Bilim , Dünyası Dergisi Process : This step involves analysing 30 well-known studies on behavioural auditing, which is the study of how human behaviour affects auditing processes. Categorization : The research organizes the topics of these studies into four main groups: Audit Review and Documentation : This looks at how auditors review and document their work. Decision-Making and Auditor Judgment : This focuses on how auditors make decisions and form judgments. Auditor Characteristics and Performance : This examines the personal traits of auditors and how well they perform their duties. Auditor-Client Relationship : This explores the interactions between auditors and their clients . Psychological Context : The study identifies and classifies psychological issues (like biases, decision-making processes, etc.) within each of the above categories. Conceptual Framework : This explains the different variables (factors being measured), tools (instruments used for measurement), and methods used in these studies. Evaluation : The study shows the findings of these studies, highlighting why they are important for understanding accounting and auditing practices. Outcome: The paper highlights the significance of behavioural factors in auditing, such as: Control Weakness Identification : Different documentation structures affect auditors’ ability to identify control weaknesses. Decision Bias : Auditors’ memories and decisions can be biased based on prior judgments. Feedback and Power Dynamics : The type of power held by reviewers influences preparers’ responses to feedback. Client Influence : Auditors’ judgments can be swayed by client relationships and ingratiation tactics.

5. Intent: The study aims to evaluate the  efficiency of public squares   in M’sila city, specifically focusing on the  November 1st, 1954 Square . It investigates how the  physical characteristics  of the square influence  human behavior  and social interactions. USING BEHAVIOUR MAPPING TO EVALUATE THE USING EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC SQUARE. CASE STUDY: NOVEMBER 1 st , 1954 SQUARE IN M'SILA CITY Imededdine Salamani1*, Hynda Boutabba Hynda *, Nabyl Chenaf ** Process Followed: Study Area : The research focused on the November 1st, 1954 Square in M’sila city, Algeria, chosen for its strategic location and frequent use. Methodology : The study combined  behavioural mapping  and  questionnaire surveys . Behavioural mapping involved direct observation and recording of user activities, while the questionnaire gathered users’ perceptions. Data Collection : Data was collected over a month, focusing on peak usage times. Observations were made at different times of the day, and questionnaires were distributed to understand user preferences and perceptions. Analysis : The data was analysed using SPSS (Used for statistical analysis of the collected data) software and represented using GIS. The study identified patterns in user behaviour and highlighted mismatches between the physical environment and user needs. Outcome: The study concluded that there is a   mismatch between the physical environment and human behaviour in the square, leading to negative effects on its social use . Recommendations include: Improving Urban Design : Enhancing paving quality, increasing shaded areas, and adding green spaces. Creating Play Areas : For both children and adults to encourage diverse activities. Reducing Car Space : To make the square more pedestrian-friendly .

6. Intent: The paper aims to use  behavioural mapping to design therapeutic spaces for disabled children at the Disabled Children Rehabilitation Centre (YPAC)  in Surakarta, Indonesia. The goal is to create a more suitable environment for their rehabilitation. 3. The Application of Behavioural Mapping to Design Therapeutic Spaces for Disabled Children Anggana Fitri Satwikasari1 Department of Architecture, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Process Followed : Research Context: The study took place at the Disabled Children Rehabilitation Centre (YPAC) in Surakarta, Indonesia. This center helps disabled children with therapy and education. Behavioral Mapping Method: The researchers used the Place Center Map method to observe and record what children do in different rooms of the center . Data Collection: Data was gathered through photos, sketches, and interviews with staff. They focused on rooms like the Occupational Therapy Room, Physiotherapy Room, Pendopo Area, Hydrotherapy Pool, and Dormitory. Analysis: They looked at how often and in what ways the children used these rooms to see how the current design affected their activities. Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE): They assessed the building's performance through: Technical Evaluation : Checking things like doors, lighting, and ventilation. Functional Evaluation : Seeing how well the rooms support activities. Behavioral Evaluation : Observing how the design affects the children’s behavior and preferences. Findings: The current building didn’t fully follow universal design principles. Problems included poor lighting, bad ventilation, slippery floors, and limited accessibility features like ramps. Redesign Proposal: They proposed a redesign using a Therapeutic Garden concept, which includes features like textured paths, handrails, and sensory gardens to improve the environment for therapy and daily activities. Implementation: The redesign focused on improving areas like the Pendopo , dormitory, and medical treatment rooms to make them more functional and enjoyable for the children . Outcome: The paper concludes that behavioural mapping is an effective tool for understanding user needs and guiding the redesign of therapeutic spaces. The proposed redesign aims to enhance the children’s independence and well-being through improved design features.

7. Intent : The study aims to examine the place attachment of children in Tenganan Village, Bali Aga, and its impact on their identity and cultural sustainability. 4. The Study of Children Place attachment in Tenganan Village with Visual Mapping and Behaviour analysis, June 2020 Antonius: Karel Muktiwibowo , Gede Windu Laskara Process Followed: The study used a qualitative approach , focusing on how children connect with their environment through behavior mapping, interviews, and visual observations. Data was collected by observing behaviors , conducting interviews, and analyzing children’s drawings. The analysis involved grouping and comparing data to understand the children’s attachments . Findings showed that the physical space, daily activities, and cultural identity strongly influence children's sense of belonging in Tenganan Village. The study highlights the importance of designing spaces that consider these factors to enhance children's connection to their environment. Outcome: The study concludes that children’s place attachment is influenced by  proximity, frequency of use, and the ability to meet psychological needs. It highlights the importance of maintaining cultural identity and providing spaces that foster positive memories for children.

8. Intent : The paper aims to investigate the  relationship between design elements  and  people’s behavior  in campus public spaces. It seeks to determine how design elements like  colour, lighting, technology, landscape, and spatial arrangement  influence public activities and interactions. 5. The Study of Design Elements and People’s Behaviour in Campus Public Space How Design Shape User’s behaviour YING DING ,MIRKO GUARALDA Process Followed: Methodologies : Utilizes  observation, behavioural mapping, interviews, and cognitive mapping  to gather data. Case Studies : Focuses on two campus public spaces at  Queensland University of Technology (QUT) and University of Queensland (UQ). Data Collection : Observes and records people’s behaviour in these spaces at different times of the day. Analysis : Compares the design elements and their impact on user behaviour in the two case studies. Outcome: The study concludes that  well-balanced design elements  significantly enhance public activities and interactions. It provides a deeper understanding of how design can shape user behavior , contributing to the creation of more effective and engaging public spaces.