Benign lesions of larynx.pptx...........

benign lesions of larynx

1. BENIGN LESIONS OF LARYNX - Dr.Pavan.H

2. Vocal nodules Small bilateral swellings. MC in singers. Pathophysiology Etiology Voice abuse Psychological factors nasal, throat  and chest infections allergies extraoesophageal reflux

3. Clinical Features Voice husky and breathy The voice may become a little deeper in pitch and associated with voice breaks. On IDL - The vocal folds are usually hourglass in appearance with often only the nodules making contact at the midmembranous zone

4. Treatment Voice rest Reduce the irritants Modification of lifestyle Excision of the nodule

5. Vocal Polyps Benign swelling of greater than 3 mm that arises from the free edge of the vocal fold. MC in smokers with age 30-50years Pathophysiology - Shearing forces on the capillaries within the mucosa during extreme vocal use leads to rupture of the capillary.

6. Clinical features Abrupt onset of hoarseness On laryngeal examination Unilateral lesion on the vocal fold Hemorrhagic polyp Can be penduculated

7. Treatment Voice rest PPI Surgical

8. Reinke’s Edema This is due to oedema of the subepithelial space (Reinke’s space) of the vocal cords. Etiology Chronic irritation of vocal cords heavy smoking chronic sinusitis Laryngopharyngeal reflex

9. Clinical features - Hoarseness Low pitched and rough voice. On indirect laryngoscopy, vocal cords appear as fusiform swellings with pale translucent look. Ventricular bands may appear hyperaemic and hypertrophic and may hide the view of the true cords.

10. Management -Decortication of the vocal cords -Voice rest. - Speech therapy for proper voice production.

11. Contact granuloma MC in men Etiology Alcohol consuptiom Eating disorder Chronic coughing Repeated throat clearing Acid reflux in supine position Pathology

12. Clinical features Acid reflux Sore throat Discomfort in the throat Husky voice

13. On examination -A depressed, ulcerated area with a whitish exudate clinging to it or a bilobed, heaped-up lesion on the vocal process.

14. Management Antireflux regime Voice rest Steriod injection into the lesion

15. Saccular disorders Classified into Laryngocele Saccular cyst Laryngopyocle Etiology Can be congenital in children Increase in transglottic pressure in adults

16. Clinical features The infant’s cry is abnormal, and cyanosis and dysphagia. In adults- hoarseness, dyspnea, dysphagia, pain, and a neck mass. Diagnosis -History -Examination of the larynx and neck, - CT to determine contents (air vs fluid)

17. Management - Secure airway aspiration of the cyst contents through a direct laryngoscope Or by endoscopic marsupialization with or without stripping of the cyst lining.